【摘要】：在多年的實驗過程中,對于固體吸附式制冷的探究多數(shù)集中在系統(tǒng)制冷工質(zhì)對材料的性能提升、系統(tǒng)中主要部件的優(yōu)化等方面上。但是在系統(tǒng)的供能方式方面有很少的研究。大多都是在研究平板型翅片管式固體吸附制冷系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)直接利用輻射的太陽能加熱翅片管,為系統(tǒng)提供熱能。也有少量在研究水浴式制冷裝置,該裝置利用集熱器加熱熱水,再用熱水來加熱翅片管,沒有直接利用光能而是將光能轉(zhuǎn)化成熱能再利用。針對這一情況,本文設(shè)計和搭建了一套基于太陽能熱油供能的油浴式固體吸附制冷系統(tǒng),不僅可以解決傳統(tǒng)平板型翅片管式固體吸附制冷系統(tǒng)存在的問題,而且可以解決水浴固體吸附制冷系統(tǒng)存在的問題。從系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)及性能優(yōu)化等方面,本文開展了以下研究工作:1、從優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)制冷性能的角度出發(fā),通過理論計算,設(shè)計了一套由吸附床、蒸發(fā)器、保溫油箱、冷凝器、儲液瓶、冷卻箱等組成的固體吸附制冷系統(tǒng)的研究裝置,并完成了系統(tǒng)的搭建和運行調(diào)試。2、針對設(shè)計的翅片管型太陽能油浴式固體吸附制冷系統(tǒng),將翅片管吸附床放置于保溫油箱中,采用熱油浴進行加熱解/吸附,通過實驗研究了吸附床在維持熱源溫度分別為110℃、115℃、120℃和125℃,維持解吸時間分別為4h、5h和6h時,系統(tǒng)的溫度分布及特點。3、采用電能模擬太陽能加熱作為驅(qū)動熱源,在解吸階段對放置于保溫油箱內(nèi)的吸附床進行加熱,從而解吸翅片管吸附床內(nèi)的制冷劑。研究了解吸溫度和時間與該實驗裝置解吸量之間的相關(guān)性。研究表明,解吸溫度對油浴式固體吸附制冷系統(tǒng)的性能影響較大,加熱階段較高的解吸溫度有利于解吸制冷劑。延長解吸時間可以提高系統(tǒng)的制冰量和制冷量,但同時系統(tǒng)的解吸量逐漸減少并且系統(tǒng)散熱量也隨之增大,系統(tǒng)吸收的熱量同樣在逐漸增多,從而造成了系統(tǒng)的循環(huán)COP與熱使用率下降。系統(tǒng)存在一個較佳的加熱解吸時間5h,更長的解吸時間對系統(tǒng)制冷性影響不大。4、通過實驗研究了冷凝溫度分別為11℃,18℃和未控制冷凝溫度狀態(tài)下,太陽能固體吸附制冷系統(tǒng)在解吸溫度為120℃并且解吸時間為5h時對系統(tǒng)的COP和SCE的影響。系統(tǒng)的制冷性能隨著冷凝溫度的降低而變好,冷凝溫度為11℃和18℃時,系統(tǒng)的COP之間相差較小,但是在未控制冷凝溫度狀態(tài)下的COP較前兩種相差較大。冷凝溫度為18℃時循環(huán)COP比未控制冷凝溫度時高出21.6%。本文所提出的太陽能油浴式固體吸附制冷系統(tǒng),在保證穩(wěn)定輸出冷量的同時還可為用戶提供一定溫度的熱水。主要研究了該系統(tǒng)的制冷率以及性能地提高問題。研究所得的結(jié)果對該制冷系統(tǒng)更深入的改良和研究提出了基本理論指導和實驗參考。
[Abstract]:During many years of experiments, the research on solid adsorption refrigeration has focused on the improvement of the performance of the refrigerants and the optimization of the main components of the system. However, there is little research on the way of energy supply in the system. Most of them are studying the flat fin tube solid adsorption refrigeration system which directly uses solar energy to heat the fin tube to provide heat energy for the system. A small number of water bath refrigeration devices are also being studied. The device uses a collector to heat hot water, and then uses hot water to heat finned tubes. Instead of directly using light energy, it converts light energy into heat energy and reuses it. In view of this situation, this paper designs and builds an oil-bath solid adsorption refrigeration system based on solar energy supply of hot oil, which can not only solve the problems of traditional flat fin tube solid adsorption refrigeration system. And it can solve the problems of water bath solid adsorption refrigeration system. From the aspects of system structure and performance optimization, this paper has carried out the following research work: 1. From the point of view of optimizing the refrigeration performance of the system, a set of adsorption bed, evaporator, thermal insulation tank, condenser, liquid storage bottle is designed by theoretical calculation. The research device of solid adsorption refrigeration system composed of cooling box and so on, and completed the system construction and operation debugging. 2, aiming at the design of finned-tube solar oil bath solid adsorption refrigeration system, The finned tube adsorption bed was placed in the heat preservation tank, and the thermal oil bath was used to heat desorb / adsorption. The adsorption bed was maintained at 110 鈩，

本文編號：2336583