【摘要】：改革開放以后我國(guó)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，越來越多的現(xiàn)代化建筑拔地而起，在為人們提供了舒適的學(xué)習(xí)工作環(huán)境的同時(shí)，建筑巨大的能耗問題也引起了社會(huì)的關(guān)注，據(jù)有關(guān)部門的調(diào)查顯示，在智能建筑中，中央空調(diào)占了建筑能耗的50%以上，水系統(tǒng)的耗能又占到了空調(diào)能耗的60%左右,這對(duì)于建筑的運(yùn)營(yíng)成本形成了巨大的壓力，也不符合我國(guó)提出的節(jié)能減排的基本政策，因此提高空調(diào)整體的運(yùn)行效率，提高能源的利用率是當(dāng)今社會(huì)所面臨的重要課題。國(guó)內(nèi)的中央空調(diào)水系統(tǒng)大都是采用定流量的運(yùn)行方式，，水泵按照設(shè)計(jì)全速運(yùn)行，不能根據(jù)系統(tǒng)冷量的實(shí)際需求改變流量，造成了巨大的能耗問題。本文分析了中央空調(diào)及其水系統(tǒng)的工作原理，提出了變頻調(diào)速來實(shí)現(xiàn)變流量的控制以達(dá)到水系統(tǒng)的水流量按照實(shí)際負(fù)荷來調(diào)整的目的，提出了水系統(tǒng)的變頻控制方案。 針對(duì)中央空調(diào)水系統(tǒng)所具有非線性、多變量、易受干擾的特點(diǎn)，以及難以建立準(zhǔn)確的數(shù)學(xué)模型的問題，常規(guī)PID控制很難達(dá)到令人滿意的控制效果。結(jié)合模糊控制所具有的無需準(zhǔn)確數(shù)學(xué)模型，抗干擾能力強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn)，提出了模糊PID控制，并且設(shè)計(jì)了模糊PID控制器。在進(jìn)行了大量的仿真驗(yàn)證后，模糊PID控制器在控制中央空調(diào)冷凍水溫度上比常規(guī)PID控制具有更好的效果，其不僅具有常規(guī)PID的控制精度，還具有模糊控制響應(yīng)迅速、抗干擾強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn)。 最后對(duì)系統(tǒng)的硬件及軟件進(jìn)行了介紹，采用了西門子S7-200PLC作為主控制器，選用西門子MM440變頻器來實(shí)現(xiàn)水泵的變頻控制，介紹了系統(tǒng)主程序及其控制子程序的設(shè)計(jì)，并對(duì)能夠達(dá)到的節(jié)能效益進(jìn)行了分析。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's social economy since the reform and opening up, more and more modern buildings have emerged from the ground. While providing people with a comfortable learning and working environment, the huge energy consumption problem of the building has also aroused the attention of the society. According to the investigation conducted by relevant departments, in intelligent buildings, central air conditioning accounts for more than 50% of building energy consumption, while water system energy consumption accounts for about 60% of air conditioning energy consumption. This creates a huge pressure on the operating costs of buildings. It is also not in line with the basic policy of energy saving and emission reduction proposed by our country. Therefore, it is an important task facing the society to improve the overall operating efficiency of air conditioning and the efficiency of energy utilization. The domestic central air conditioning water system mostly uses the fixed flow operation mode, the pump runs according to the design full speed, cannot change the flow rate according to the system cold quantity actual demand, has caused the huge energy consumption question. In this paper, the working principle of central air conditioning and its water system is analyzed, and the variable flow control is put forward to achieve the purpose of adjusting the water flow of water system according to the actual load, and the frequency conversion control scheme of water system is put forward. In view of the nonlinear, multivariable and easily disturbed characteristics of central air conditioning water system and the difficulty of establishing accurate mathematical model, conventional PID control is difficult to achieve satisfactory control effect. Combined with the characteristics of fuzzy control, which does not need accurate mathematical model and has strong anti-interference ability, fuzzy PID control is proposed and fuzzy PID controller is designed. After a lot of simulation, the fuzzy PID controller has a better effect than the conventional PID control in controlling the chilled water temperature of central air conditioning. It not only has the control precision of conventional PID, but also has the quick response of fuzzy control. The characteristic of strong anti-interference. Finally, the hardware and software of the system are introduced. Siemens S7-200PLC is used as the main controller, Siemens MM440 inverter is selected to realize the frequency conversion control of the pump, and the design of the system main program and its control subprogram is introduced. The efficiency of energy saving is analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TP273;TB657.2

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