【摘要】：壓縮空氣儲(chǔ)能技術(shù)能夠解決可再生能源發(fā)電大規(guī)模并網(wǎng)問題,同時(shí)可以對(duì)電網(wǎng)進(jìn)行“削峰填谷”、減少電網(wǎng)總的裝機(jī)容量、節(jié)約能源,具有巨大的發(fā)展?jié)摿�。因此研究壓縮空氣儲(chǔ)能技術(shù)對(duì)于解決當(dāng)前社會(huì)面臨的能源、環(huán)境問題具有重要的意義。 膨脹機(jī)是壓縮空氣儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)的核心部件之一,MW級(jí)壓縮空氣儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)膨脹機(jī)采用向心渦輪結(jié)構(gòu)形式。向心渦輪主要包括進(jìn)氣結(jié)構(gòu)、葉輪及排氣結(jié)構(gòu),其中進(jìn)氣結(jié)構(gòu)性能對(duì)整個(gè)向心渦輪性能具有顯著影響。本文主要針對(duì)集氣室和蝸殼兩種進(jìn)氣結(jié)構(gòu)形式開展研究,在分析集氣室內(nèi)部流動(dòng)的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)多種向心渦輪進(jìn)氣蝸殼,并數(shù)值對(duì)比分析不同進(jìn)氣結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)向心渦輪性能的影響。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下： 1.采用二維設(shè)計(jì)方法為某向心渦輪設(shè)計(jì)矩形截面蝸殼,分別對(duì)進(jìn)氣結(jié)構(gòu)為蝸殼和集氣室的向心渦輪進(jìn)行整級(jí)全周數(shù)值計(jì)算,對(duì)比研究進(jìn)氣結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)向心渦輪性能的影響。結(jié)果表明：集氣室內(nèi)部流動(dòng)有較大的損失,同時(shí)增強(qiáng)了導(dǎo)葉流道內(nèi)二次流；與集氣室相比,蝸殼進(jìn)氣結(jié)構(gòu)使向心渦輪整級(jí)的效率、質(zhì)量流量和功率都有一定程度的提高。 2.針對(duì)所研究向心渦輪設(shè)計(jì)不同截面尺寸的蝸殼,研究蝸殼無量綱氣動(dòng)尺寸S1和蝸殼截面寬度B對(duì)向心渦輪整級(jí)性能的影響,獲得了相匹配的最優(yōu)無量綱氣動(dòng)尺寸S1,發(fā)現(xiàn)蝸殼截面寬度B的變化對(duì)向心渦輪的性能影響很小。 3.開展蝸殼非對(duì)稱性對(duì)渦輪性能影響研究,分析蝸殼內(nèi)部流動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)和二次流分布,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)稱蝸殼和非對(duì)稱蝸殼在蝸殼出口導(dǎo)葉前緣均形成漩渦結(jié)構(gòu),對(duì)稱蝸殼為軸向?qū)ΨQ的兩個(gè)漩渦,而非對(duì)稱蝸殼靠近機(jī)匣側(cè)的漩渦較強(qiáng),靠近輪轂側(cè)的較弱,非對(duì)稱蝸殼使向心渦輪的性能略有降低。
[Abstract]:Compressed air energy storage technology can solve the problem of large-scale grid connection of renewable energy generation, at the same time, it can "cut the peak and fill the valley", reduce the total installed capacity of power grid, save energy, and have great development potential. Therefore, the study of compressed air energy storage technology is of great significance to solve the energy and environmental problems that the society is facing. Expander is one of the core components of compressed air energy storage system. The expansion machine of MW class compressed air energy storage system adopts the form of concentric turbine. The centripetal turbine mainly includes the intake structure, impeller and exhaust structure, in which the performance of the intake structure has a significant effect on the performance of the whole centripetal turbine. Based on the analysis of the inner flow of the gas collecting chamber, this paper mainly studies the two kinds of intake air structure forms of the collecting chamber and volute. On the basis of analyzing the internal flow of the gas collecting chamber, several kinds of inlet volute cases of the concentric turbine are designed, and the effects of different intake structures on the performance of the concentric turbine are compared and analyzed numerically. The main contents are as follows: 1. A two-dimensional design method is used to design a rectangular section volute for a centripetal turbine. The full-cycle numerical calculation of a concentric turbine with a volute and a collecting chamber is carried out, respectively. The effects of the intake structure on the performance of a concentric turbine are compared and studied. The results show that the flow loss in the gas collecting chamber is great, and the secondary flow in the guide vane passage is enhanced, and the volute intake structure makes the integrated efficiency of the centripetal turbine compared with the gas collecting chamber. Mass flow and power have a certain degree of improvement. 2. The effects of dimensionless aerodynamic dimensions S1 and cross-section width B of the volute on the integral performance of the centripetal turbine are studied. The optimal dimensionless aerodynamic size S _ 1 is obtained. It is found that the change of volute section width B has little effect on the performance of the concentric turbine. The effect of volute asymmetry on turbine performance is studied. The flow structure and secondary flow distribution in the volute are analyzed. It is found that both symmetric volute and asymmetric volute form a swirl structure at the front edge of the guide vane at the outlet of the volute. The symmetrical volute is two axially symmetric swirls, while the asymmetric volute is stronger near the casing side and weaker near the hub side. The asymmetric volute makes the performance of the centripetal turbine slightly lower.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院研究生院（工程熱物理研究所）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TK02;TB653

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