【摘要】：隨著海洋科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,一些先進(jìn)的海洋下潛系統(tǒng)(如無人纜控機(jī)器人ROV、自航深潛器AUV)應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,水下聲學(xué)定位技術(shù)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)導(dǎo)航、定位、跟蹤等工作。超短基線聲學(xué)定位系統(tǒng)是一種水聲定位系統(tǒng),因其結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、探測(cè)精度相對(duì)較高、操作容易而得到廣泛應(yīng)用。超短基線聲學(xué)升降裝置的主要功能是實(shí)現(xiàn)換能器的升降以及在水下不同位置的測(cè)量工作。升降裝置從下到上由底座、閘閥、修配箱、軸承、豎桿架、換能器組等八部分組成,其中升降裝置主軸組件性能影響整個(gè)測(cè)試裝置的測(cè)量精度,是整個(gè)升降裝置的核心部件。超短基線聲學(xué)升降裝置的技術(shù)難點(diǎn)有兩個(gè):一是升降裝置主軸性能對(duì)整體裝置測(cè)量精度的影響,需要通過提升升降裝置主軸的物理性能來提升設(shè)備的測(cè)量精度;二是升降裝置主軸在整個(gè)升降裝置中的質(zhì)量比重比較大,嚴(yán)重影響裝置的成本和安裝性能,因此需要通過主軸的優(yōu)化來減小設(shè)備重量,降低設(shè)備成本。本文利用ANSYS Workbench中的Fluent流固耦合分析平臺(tái),建立有限元分析模型,分析升降裝置主軸的動(dòng)態(tài)特性,同時(shí)基于多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化的分析方法研究升降裝置主軸的變形量與主軸材料、內(nèi)徑、航速之間的關(guān)系。對(duì)比不同內(nèi)徑升降裝置主軸對(duì)測(cè)量精度的影響,優(yōu)化升降裝置主軸的內(nèi)徑、減輕主軸質(zhì)量、節(jié)約成本。海上工作過程中,為了實(shí)時(shí)了解海水中升降裝置主軸的變形情況,提出一種應(yīng)變-轉(zhuǎn)角測(cè)量方法,運(yùn)用應(yīng)變儀獲得主軸上端應(yīng)變,并且建立主軸上端應(yīng)變和末端轉(zhuǎn)角的函數(shù)關(guān)系,通過應(yīng)變間接獲得主軸的末端轉(zhuǎn)角。該方法能實(shí)時(shí)了解升降裝置主軸的工作狀況,可有效評(píng)估換能器測(cè)量的準(zhǔn)確性,對(duì)探測(cè)工作的展開具有一定的指導(dǎo)作用。通過陸上試驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了應(yīng)變-轉(zhuǎn)角測(cè)量方法的可靠性。
[Abstract]:With the development of marine science and technology, some advanced underwater submersible systems (such as ROV, AUV) emerge as the times require. Underwater acoustic positioning technology can realize navigation, positioning, tracking and so on. The ultrashort baseline acoustic positioning system is a kind of underwater acoustic positioning system, which is widely used because of its simple structure, relatively high detection accuracy and easy operation. The main function of ultrashort baseline acoustic lifting device is to realize the lifting of transducer and the measurement of different positions under water. The lifting device is composed of eight parts from bottom to top, such as base, gate valve, repair box, bearing, vertical pole frame, transducer group, etc. Among them, the performance of main shaft assembly of lifting device affects the measuring accuracy of the whole test device and is the core component of the whole lifting device. There are two technical difficulties in the ultra-short baseline acoustic lifting device: one is the influence of the main shaft performance of the lifting device on the measuring accuracy of the whole device, which needs to improve the measuring accuracy by lifting the physical performance of the main shaft of the lifting device; The second is that the mass proportion of the main shaft in the whole lifting device is relatively large, which seriously affects the cost and installation performance of the device, so it is necessary to reduce the weight and cost of the equipment through the optimization of the main shaft. In this paper, using the Fluent fluid-solid coupling analysis platform in ANSYS Workbench, the finite element analysis model is established to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the main shaft of the lifting device. At the same time, based on the analysis method of multi-objective optimization, the deformation of the main shaft of the lifting device and the material and inner diameter of the spindle are studied. The relationship between speed. By comparing the influence of the main shaft of different inner diameters on the measuring accuracy, the inner diameter of the main shaft of the lifting device is optimized, the quality of the main shaft is reduced and the cost is saved. In order to understand the deformation of the main shaft of the lifting device in seawater in real time, a method of measuring the strain-rotation angle is put forward, and the strain at the upper end of the spindle is obtained by using the strain meter. The function relationship between the upper end strain and the end rotation angle of the spindle is established, and the end rotation angle of the spindle is obtained indirectly by the strain. This method can understand the working status of the main shaft of the lifting device in real time, can effectively evaluate the accuracy of the measurement of the transducer, and has a certain guiding effect on the development of the detection work. The reliability of the method is verified by onshore test.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：煙臺(tái)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB565;P715

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