【摘要】：隨著科技不斷發(fā)展,人們對各種環(huán)境和設(shè)備的振動要求越來越高,傳統(tǒng)單一的被動、主動隔振器已逐漸不能滿足人們的需求,故本文設(shè)計了一款主被動結(jié)合的混合式隔振器,即將電磁作動器與橡膠隔振器串聯(lián)在一起,通過一定的控制算法控制執(zhí)行器的工作,該方法既可以有效地減小能量損失,又可以達到更好的隔振效果。論文主要分為幾大部分,首先對共振式電磁執(zhí)行器進行了動力學分析,得出執(zhí)行器的出力大小主要與氣隙磁場強度、線圈匝數(shù)、通入電流大小等因素有關(guān),在此基礎(chǔ)上利用電磁場有限元分析軟件ANSOFT對執(zhí)行器磁路結(jié)構(gòu)中各項參數(shù)進行仿真計算,得出最優(yōu)磁路零件尺寸。在彈簧的設(shè)計中,利用軟件對彈簧的各項參數(shù)進行設(shè)計優(yōu)化,確保彈簧剛度等因素符合執(zhí)行器的要求。在完成執(zhí)行器的整體加工后,對執(zhí)行器進行實驗驗證,測試執(zhí)行器的固有頻率、加速度響應等特性。經(jīng)過不通電靜止和通電運動兩種狀態(tài)的實驗測試后,得出所設(shè)計執(zhí)行器的固有頻率在40Hz,其加速度響應與電流、電壓的傳遞函數(shù)與理論計算值基本相符,執(zhí)行器輸出的作動力隨著電流的增大不斷增大,基本呈線性分布,執(zhí)行器性能良好。之后本文根據(jù)所設(shè)計的電磁執(zhí)行器選擇了一款橡膠隔振器,并對該橡膠隔振器進行了測試,在10-150Hz的頻帶中,橡膠隔振器具有減振效果,其效果在0-6.2dB之間。之后將橡膠隔振器與執(zhí)行器剛性連接構(gòu)成一個系統(tǒng),測量其整體固有特性,基本與橡膠隔振器特性相同。完成特性測試后,利用x-LMS算法進行了振動主動控制實驗,實驗效果良好,與單獨橡膠隔振器隔振相比,利用執(zhí)行器主動控制可以多降低2.7-14.4dB,達到了預期效果。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of science and technology, people have higher and higher requirements for the vibration of various environments and equipment. The traditional single passive, active isolator has been unable to meet the needs of people gradually, so this paper designed a hybrid vibration isolator combining active and passive. The electromagnetic actuator and the rubber vibration isolator are connected in series and the actuator is controlled by a certain control algorithm. The method can not only effectively reduce the energy loss but also achieve a better vibration isolation effect. The paper is divided into several parts. Firstly, the dynamic analysis of the resonant electromagnetic actuator is carried out, and the output force of the actuator is mainly related to the air gap magnetic field strength, the number of coil turns, the magnitude of the input current, and so on. On this basis, the electromagnetic field finite element analysis software ANSOFT is used to simulate and calculate the parameters of the actuator magnetic circuit structure, and the optimal size of the magnetic circuit part is obtained. In the design of the spring, the parameters of the spring are optimized by software to ensure that the spring stiffness and other factors meet the requirements of the actuator. After the whole machining of the actuator is finished, the actuator is verified experimentally, and the inherent frequency and acceleration response of the actuator are tested. After the experimental test of the two states of non-electrified static and electrified motion, the natural frequency of the designed actuator is 40 Hz, and the acceleration response is in agreement with the transfer function of current and voltage, which is basically in accordance with the theoretical calculation value. The output power of actuator increases with the increase of current, and the actuator has good performance. Then a rubber vibration isolator is selected according to the designed electromagnetic actuator, and the rubber isolator is tested. In the frequency band of 10-150Hz, the rubber isolator has the effect of vibration absorption, and its effect is between 0-6.2dB. Then the rubber isolator and the actuator are connected rigidly to form a system, and the whole inherent characteristics are measured, which are basically the same as the rubber vibration isolator. After completing the characteristic test, the vibration active control experiment is carried out by using x-LMS algorithm. The experiment results are good. Compared with the single rubber vibration isolator, the active control of the actuator can reduce 2.7-14.4 dB more than the single rubber isolator, and the expected effect is achieved.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB535

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本文編號：2219796