【摘要】：動(dòng)力吸振器是一種振動(dòng)控制裝置。傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)力吸振器有效減振頻帶較窄，當(dāng)外界激勵(lì)頻率發(fā)生變化時(shí)，其減振性能顯著變差。為了解決這一問(wèn)題，本論文研究了變質(zhì)量自適應(yīng)動(dòng)力吸振器，其根據(jù)外界激振頻率的變化實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)節(jié)自身質(zhì)量來(lái)改變固有頻率，從而獲得較好的寬頻減振效果。同時(shí)，為了研究吸振器質(zhì)量變化過(guò)程中的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律，提出了一種基于Newmark算法的變質(zhì)量動(dòng)力吸振器仿真方法，并通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)該方法進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。 本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下: （1）介紹了傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)力吸振器基本原理及基于主系統(tǒng)位移響應(yīng)和加速度響應(yīng)的動(dòng)力吸振器最優(yōu)設(shè)計(jì)理論。推導(dǎo)了吸振器參數(shù)變化對(duì)其減振性能的影響。研究了最優(yōu)同調(diào)頻率比和最優(yōu)阻尼比條件下，吸振器最優(yōu)減振理論及質(zhì)量對(duì)減振性能的影響。 （2）介紹了求解動(dòng)力學(xué)方程的模態(tài)疊加法和逐步積分法，討論了其在求解線性和非線性問(wèn)題中的應(yīng)用。分析了幾種逐步積分法的穩(wěn)定性和精度，為選取后續(xù)合適的計(jì)算方法提供參考。 （3）針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)力吸振器的不足，研究了一種變質(zhì)量動(dòng)力吸振器，分析了其寬頻減振性能。提出了一種基于Newmark算法的變質(zhì)量動(dòng)力吸振器仿真方法，對(duì)變質(zhì)量過(guò)程中系統(tǒng)瞬態(tài)運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程進(jìn)行分析和研究。 （4）搭建實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)，研究了變質(zhì)量動(dòng)力吸振器的實(shí)際減振效果。探討了主系統(tǒng)加速度的變化規(guī)律。依據(jù)參數(shù)識(shí)別理論對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了參數(shù)識(shí)別，，利用本文提出的仿真方法對(duì)系統(tǒng)變質(zhì)量瞬態(tài)過(guò)程進(jìn)行仿真研究。對(duì)比仿真數(shù)據(jù)和實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)，驗(yàn)證了所提仿真方法的正確性。
[Abstract]:Dynamic vibration absorber is a vibration control device. The effective frequency band of the traditional dynamic vibration absorber is narrow, and when the external excitation frequency changes, the performance of the vibration absorber becomes worse. In order to solve this problem, the variable mass adaptive dynamic vibration absorber is studied in this paper, which adjusts its own mass in real time according to the change of external exciting frequency to change the natural frequency, so as to obtain a better effect of wideband vibration reduction. At the same time, in order to study the motion law of mass change of vibration absorber, a simulation method of variable mass dynamic vibration absorber based on Newmark algorithm is proposed, and the method is verified by experiment. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the basic principle of the traditional dynamic vibration absorber and the optimal design theory of the dynamic vibration absorber based on the displacement response and acceleration response of the main system are introduced. The influence of vibration absorber parameters on its vibration absorption performance is deduced. The optimal damping theory of vibration absorber and the effect of mass on vibration absorption performance are studied under the condition of optimal homology frequency ratio and optimal damping ratio. (2) Modal superposition method and stepwise integration method for solving dynamic equations are introduced. Its application in solving linear and nonlinear problems is discussed. The stability and accuracy of several progressive integration methods are analyzed, which provides a reference for selecting suitable calculation methods. (3) aiming at the shortcomings of traditional dynamic vibration absorbers, a variable mass dynamic vibration absorber is studied. The performance of wideband vibration reduction is analyzed. In this paper, a simulation method of variable mass dynamic vibration absorber based on Newmark algorithm is proposed. The transient motion process of the system is analyzed and studied. (4) the experimental system is built. The actual damping effect of dynamic vibration absorber with variable mass is studied. The variation law of acceleration of main system is discussed. According to the theory of parameter identification, the parameters of the experimental system are identified, and the transient process of the system with variable mass is simulated by using the simulation method proposed in this paper. The correctness of the proposed simulation method is verified by comparing the simulation data with the experimental data.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TB535.1

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本文編號(hào)：2215861