蓄冷式冷藏車用蓄冷材料的研制及其熱性能的研究
發(fā)布時間:2018-08-30 18:59
【摘要】:目前能源問題是世界性重大課題。蓄冷技術(shù)是一項合理利用電網(wǎng)資源的制冷節(jié)能新技術(shù)。制冷機組在夜間電力負荷低峰時運行,產(chǎn)生的冷量存儲在蓄冷介質(zhì)中,然后在電力負荷高峰時將冷量釋放出來,滿足高峰期冷負荷的需求,實現(xiàn)冷量的產(chǎn)生和使用相分離,最終達到移峰填谷,節(jié)省電費的目的。近年來,蓄冷技術(shù)已經(jīng)成為國際上研究的熱點話題,主要集中于建筑物的空調(diào),目前國內(nèi)外對O℃以下的低溫相變蓄冷材料及其應(yīng)用的研究還比較少,而我國對低溫儲藏卻有著巨大的需求,隨著蓄冷技術(shù)的發(fā)展,對低溫相變蓄冷材料需要進行基礎(chǔ)研究,并測定其熱物性,有望擴大低溫相變蓄冷材料的應(yīng)用范圍。所以研究和發(fā)展低溫蓄冷技術(shù)具有極大的理論和現(xiàn)實意義。 本文對不同溫度等級的低溫高潛熱蓄冷劑進行篩選與測試。篩選出相變溫度為-10℃、-20℃兩種不同溫度等級的無機鹽溶液作為相變蓄冷材料,其蓄冷材料具有性能穩(wěn)定,相變潛熱高,無相分離等優(yōu)點,可將其應(yīng)用在蓄冷式冷藏車中,并對蓄冷式冷藏車車廂內(nèi)部溫度場進行數(shù)值模擬。本文所做工作有如下幾個方面: (1)根據(jù)溫度要求初選適合蓄冷式冷藏車用低溫高潛熱值的相變蓄冷材料,并對其相變溫度、相變潛熱、穩(wěn)定性等進行測試。 (2)通過步冷曲線篩選出符合要求的相變蓄冷材料,添加不同成核劑和粘稠劑解決所配置出的相變蓄冷材料存在的過冷度及相分離現(xiàn)象,并通過多次凍融測試其衰減性沒有改變,材料穩(wěn)定性良好。 (3)通過對蓄冷過程管外側(cè)自然對流換熱系數(shù)的計算得到蓄冷實驗過程中管外自然對流換熱系數(shù)于結(jié)冰前后的變化情況。然后又根據(jù)冷藏車的計算參數(shù)對冷藏車車廂進行冷負荷和蓄冷板充冷量進行計算。為實際應(yīng)用中蓄冷式冷藏車中蓄冷板的設(shè)計和布置提供了參考依據(jù)。 (4)運用數(shù)值模擬的方法模擬蓄冷板式冷藏車車廂內(nèi)溫度場的分布情況模擬車廂內(nèi)不同切面的溫度場。結(jié)果表明:其車廂內(nèi)的溫度適合冷藏車進行冷藏運輸。
[Abstract]:At present, the energy problem is a major issue in the world. Cold storage technology is a new refrigeration and energy-saving technology which can make rational use of power grid resources. The refrigerating unit operates at night when the power load is low, and the generated cooling amount is stored in the cold storage medium, and then the cooling volume is released at the peak of the power load, which meets the demand of the peak cooling load and realizes the separation of the generation and use of the cooling capacity. Finally, the purpose of shifting peak and filling valley and saving electricity cost is achieved. In recent years, cold storage technology has become a hot topic in the international research, mainly focused on the air conditioning of buildings. At present, there are few researches on low temperature phase change storage materials below O 鈩,
本文編號:2214002
[Abstract]:At present, the energy problem is a major issue in the world. Cold storage technology is a new refrigeration and energy-saving technology which can make rational use of power grid resources. The refrigerating unit operates at night when the power load is low, and the generated cooling amount is stored in the cold storage medium, and then the cooling volume is released at the peak of the power load, which meets the demand of the peak cooling load and realizes the separation of the generation and use of the cooling capacity. Finally, the purpose of shifting peak and filling valley and saving electricity cost is achieved. In recent years, cold storage technology has become a hot topic in the international research, mainly focused on the air conditioning of buildings. At present, there are few researches on low temperature phase change storage materials below O 鈩,
本文編號:2214002
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