發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-30 18:07

【摘要】：帶乘性噪聲系統(tǒng)是傳統(tǒng)的卡爾曼濾波線性系統(tǒng)的推廣，可以解決復(fù)雜通信環(huán)境下的信號(hào)自適應(yīng)估計(jì)問(wèn)題。海洋環(huán)境由于存在很多隨機(jī)不均勻性，如海面具有隨機(jī)時(shí)變、空變的波浪，海水中有冷熱不均的隨機(jī)水團(tuán)，海底的地貌及聲學(xué)特性也是隨機(jī)不均勻的，這些不均勻性都會(huì)對(duì)聲信號(hào)的傳播造成影響。因此，可以說(shuō)作為水聲信道的海洋介質(zhì)是一個(gè)高噪聲、強(qiáng)混響、信道帶寬窄、多途效應(yīng)的干擾嚴(yán)重的信道，又是一個(gè)時(shí)變、空變、頻變的信道。其主要特征表現(xiàn)為：傳播損失、多徑效應(yīng)、頻散效應(yīng)。 本文基于水聲信道的特性并結(jié)合乘性噪聲的作用機(jī)理，用帶乘性噪聲系統(tǒng)模型來(lái)刻畫隨機(jī)時(shí)變的水聲信道。針對(duì)單發(fā)多收及多發(fā)多收水聲通信系統(tǒng)，，主要完成了以下工作： 一、針對(duì)SIMO水聲通信系統(tǒng)，建立了復(fù)雜多通道帶乘性噪聲系統(tǒng)模型，該模型刻畫了一種更復(fù)雜的通道特性，并且更具有一般性。由于水聲信道存在著明顯的衰落特性及隨機(jī)時(shí)變因素，因此，用帶乘性噪聲系統(tǒng)模型描述水聲信道具有一定的合理性。并且在該模型的基礎(chǔ)上，基于正交投影定理和線性最小方差準(zhǔn)則，給出了狀態(tài)最優(yōu)濾波算法及固定域平滑算法。 二、在SIMO系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上，將模型推廣到MIMO水聲通信系統(tǒng)，建立了帶乘性噪聲系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài)空間模型，并且推導(dǎo)了基于線性最小方差準(zhǔn)則的狀態(tài)最優(yōu)濾波算法。 三、對(duì)SIMO水聲通信系統(tǒng)的最優(yōu)濾波算法、固定域平滑算法及MIMO系統(tǒng)的最優(yōu)濾波算法進(jìn)行了計(jì)算機(jī)仿真，驗(yàn)證了方法的有效性。并且本文還采用多徑瑞利衰落信道得到的第三方接收數(shù)據(jù)，將SIMO系統(tǒng)的最優(yōu)濾波算法與相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)中的自適應(yīng)均衡算法進(jìn)行仿真對(duì)比，驗(yàn)證了本文算法的有效性。
[Abstract]:The system with multiplicative noise is a generalization of the traditional Kalman filter linear system, which can solve the problem of signal adaptive estimation in complex communication environment. Due to the existence of many random inhomogeneity in marine environment, such as random time-varying waves, spatially varying waves, random water masses with uneven heat and cold in sea water, the geomorphological and acoustic characteristics of the sea floor are also random and uneven. These inhomogeneity will affect the sound signal propagation. Therefore, it can be said that the oceanic medium as a underwater acoustic channel is a channel with high noise, strong reverberation, narrow channel band and serious interference of multipath effect, and is also a time-varying, spatially variable and frequency-varying channel. Its main characteristics are: propagation loss, multipath effect and dispersion effect. Based on the characteristics of underwater acoustic channel and the action mechanism of multiplicative noise, a stochastic time-varying underwater acoustic channel is described by using a system model with multiplicative noise. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, for SIMO underwater acoustic communication system, a complex multi-channel model with multiplicative noise is established. This model characterizes a more complex channel characteristic and is more general. Because of the obvious fading characteristics and random time-varying factors in underwater acoustic channel, it is reasonable to describe the underwater acoustic channel with multiplicative noise system model. On the basis of the model, the state optimal filtering algorithm and the fixed domain smoothing algorithm are presented based on the orthogonal projection theorem and the linear minimum variance criterion. Secondly, based on the SIMO system, the model is extended to the MIMO underwater acoustic communication system, the state space model of the system with multiplicative noise is established, and the state optimal filtering algorithm based on the linear minimum variance criterion is derived. Thirdly, the computer simulation of the optimal filtering algorithm for SIMO underwater acoustic communication system, the fixed-domain smoothing algorithm and the optimal filtering algorithm for MIMO system are carried out, and the validity of the method is verified. Moreover, the third party received data from multipath Rayleigh fading channel is used to simulate and compare the optimal filtering algorithm of SIMO system with the adaptive equalization algorithm in related literatures, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TB56

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