【摘要】：隨著InSAR技術(shù)的發(fā)展、雷達(dá)衛(wèi)星設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)的提高以及大面積多時(shí)相監(jiān)測(cè)的需求增加,寬幅成像模式在對(duì)地監(jiān)測(cè)中的應(yīng)用越來(lái)越廣泛。歐空局(ESA)發(fā)射的Sentinel-1系列衛(wèi)星IW(Interferometric Wide Swath Mode)模式下采集的寬幅雷達(dá)數(shù)據(jù),幅寬可達(dá)250Km,IW模式即為寬幅掃描中的TOPS(Terrain Observation by Progressive Scans)掃描模式,TOPS模式數(shù)據(jù)在采集時(shí)通過(guò)在方位向上衛(wèi)星天線的運(yùn)動(dòng),獲取寬幅數(shù)據(jù)的同時(shí)也有效的消除了ScanSAR模式的扇貝效應(yīng)。Sentinel-1的TOPS模式數(shù)據(jù)將在地震、火山運(yùn)動(dòng)、大面積地面沉降監(jiān)測(cè)中有應(yīng)用前景。本文以Sentinel-1的TOPS模式數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)的特性與配準(zhǔn)要求進(jìn)行分析,在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行應(yīng)用研究,論文的主要內(nèi)容包括:(1)對(duì)InSAR成像模式以及基本原理進(jìn)行歸納整理,對(duì)寬幅成像的兩種模式(ScanSAR與TOPSAR)進(jìn)行分類對(duì)比,對(duì)TOPSAR模式數(shù)據(jù)的理論特性與該模式所需要的千分之一的配準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行理論分析。(2)幾何配準(zhǔn)與ESD算法結(jié)合研究,首先通過(guò)幾何配準(zhǔn)對(duì)影像進(jìn)行初配準(zhǔn),在此基礎(chǔ)上利用ESD算法對(duì)影像進(jìn)行迭代分析,最終達(dá)到影像的配準(zhǔn)要求的千分之一配準(zhǔn)精度,并利用兩景覆蓋臺(tái)灣地震場(chǎng)的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行配準(zhǔn)與干涉實(shí)驗(yàn)并得出相應(yīng)結(jié)論。(3)偏移量追蹤技術(shù)與D-InSAR技術(shù)結(jié)合研究,將偏移量追蹤技術(shù)與D-InSAR技術(shù)兩者進(jìn)行結(jié)合,利用TOPS模式數(shù)據(jù)作為數(shù)據(jù)源,對(duì)日本熊本地震進(jìn)行研究。對(duì)地震中相干區(qū)域利用D-InSAR技術(shù)提取形變信息,對(duì)于地震中心部分形變較大導(dǎo)致的失相干區(qū)域,利用偏移量追蹤技術(shù)進(jìn)行形變提起。對(duì)偏移量追蹤技術(shù)進(jìn)行去地形效應(yīng)改正,并在該地震中心失相干區(qū)域進(jìn)行應(yīng)用分析。(4)利用TOPS模式數(shù)據(jù)通過(guò)時(shí)間序列分析,對(duì)江蘇沛北礦區(qū)5個(gè)礦的地面沉降進(jìn)行研究。針對(duì)該地區(qū)同時(shí)存在采煤與采水的情況,對(duì)沉降區(qū)域進(jìn)行分類討論。(5)利用TOPS模式數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)滄州地區(qū)進(jìn)行地表沉降時(shí)序分析,同時(shí)結(jié)合ENVISAT的ASAR數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)該地區(qū)進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)時(shí)間跨度的監(jiān)測(cè),對(duì)采水所導(dǎo)致的地面沉降的特性進(jìn)行研究。
[Abstract]:With the development of InSAR technology, the improvement of radar satellite design technology and the increasing demand of large area multi-phase monitoring, the wide-amplitude imaging mode is more and more widely used in ground monitoring. The wide range radar data collected under the IW (Interferometric Wide Swath Mode) mode of Sentinel-1 series satellites launched by ESA (ESA), the width of which can be up to 250 km / m / IW mode, is the movement of the TOPS (Terrain Observation by Progressive Scans) scanning mode / tops mode data in the wide range scanning by means of the azimuth upward satellite antenna. Obtaining wide range data and effectively eliminating the scallop effect of ScanSAR model Sentinel-1 TOPS model data will have a potential application in earthquake, volcanic movement and large area land subsidence monitoring. Based on the TOPS data of Sentinel-1, the characteristics and registration requirements of the data are analyzed in this paper. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the basic principle and the mode of InSAR imaging are summarized. In this paper, two modes of wide-amplitude imaging (ScanSAR and TOPSAR) are classified and compared, and the theoretical characteristics of TOPSAR mode data and the registration of 1/1000 required by this mode are analyzed theoretically. (2) the combination of geometric registration and ESD algorithm is studied. First, the image is first registered by geometric registration, and then the ESD algorithm is used to iterate the image analysis. Finally, the 1/1000 registration accuracy of image registration is achieved. The registration and interference experiments are carried out using the data of two scenes covering the seismic field in Taiwan. (3) the migration tracing technique and the D-InSAR technique are studied, and the migration tracing technique and the D-InSAR technique are combined. Using TOPS data as data source, the Kumamoto earthquake in Japan is studied. D-InSAR technique is used to extract deformation information for coherent region in earthquake, and offset tracing technique is used to raise deformation in the incoherent region caused by large deformation in seismic center. The migration tracing technique is used to correct the topographic effect, and the application analysis is carried out in the incoherent area of the seismic center. (4) the ground subsidence of 5 mines in Pei Bei Mining area, Jiangsu Province, is studied by using TOPS model data through time series analysis. In view of the situation that coal mining and water mining exist simultaneously in this area, the subsidence area is classified and discussed. (5) using TOPS model data to analyze the time series of surface subsidence in Cangzhou area, and combining the ASAR data of ENVISAT. The long span monitoring is carried out in this area and the characteristics of land subsidence caused by water extraction are studied.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P642.26

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