【摘要】：西南地區(qū)有多個在建或已建機場,由于山區(qū)眾多,地形地質(zhì)條件復(fù)雜,機場建設(shè)多具有多挖方、高填方、高地震烈度等特點。而高填方斜坡失穩(wěn)也給各國人民生命財產(chǎn)及經(jīng)濟建設(shè)帶來嚴(yán)重?fù)p失。因此,高填方斜坡失穩(wěn)機理的研究對于工程建設(shè)具有重大意義。本文借助成都理工大學(xué)500gt大型土工離心機,以攀枝花機場12#滑坡為背景,模擬在降雨及地下水的情況下斜坡的變形破壞特征,旨在重現(xiàn)其破壞過程,通過高速攝像機及一系列測試元件,分析討論其滑動破壞機理,主要研究成果如下:(1)設(shè)計并研發(fā)了一套新型離心模型降雨試驗裝置,包括霧化離心噴淋系統(tǒng),加壓加壓系統(tǒng),照明系統(tǒng)等,該裝置能夠與模型箱密閉,有效的解決了之前離心機降雨不均勻的問題;(2)以攀枝花機場填方體為原型按照模型比N=400來堆筑三維離心模型,并著重考慮了填筑體砂泥、泥巖的分布,并考慮三排抗滑樁,增加道面及地下水模擬裝置,盡可能的對機場高填方真實情況進行模擬。在150g加速度的情況下來進行降雨模擬,以求真實還原高填方斜坡的變形破壞過程。共計使用測試元件土壓力傳感器、孔隙水壓力傳感器、應(yīng)變片、位移傳感器等60余個。(3)根據(jù)實驗結(jié)果及監(jiān)測元件顯示,斜坡在初期以沉降蠕滑為主,最大沉降約4cm,相當(dāng)于原型6m。并且在變形初期推測其行形成了細(xì)小的拉裂縫,降雨之后約2000s之后,位于坡肩以里的U1孔隙水壓力傳感器最先有反應(yīng)。并且隨降雨入滲孔壓在不斷增大,最大可達84.43kPa。(4)變形階段經(jīng)歷兩次大暴雨之后,坡體發(fā)生明顯滑動破壞。在此階段由于持續(xù)蠕動土壓力一直減小,樁體所受壓力一直增大,達66.22MPa。從樁身應(yīng)變數(shù)據(jù)也可以看出,后排樁所受的內(nèi)力遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)比前排大,樁體面向滑動方向所受內(nèi)力比背面大。(5)實驗?zāi)Ｐ推茐钠鹗加谄马斊脚_,坡肩部位變形最大,并且從平面上看左側(cè)變形比右側(cè)大。試驗結(jié)果與12#滑坡變形破壞過程相似,從斜坡變形破裂特征,抗滑樁受力、孔壓土壓等多方面深化了滑坡滑動機制認(rèn)識,驗證了滑坡滑動機制是推移式蠕滑-潰滑與超覆。
[Abstract]:There are many airports under construction or have been built in southwest China. Due to the numerous mountainous areas and complicated terrain and geological conditions, the airport construction is characterized by many excavations, high fill and high seismic intensity. The instability of high-fill slope also brings serious loss to people's life, property and economic construction. Therefore, the study of instability mechanism of high fill slope is of great significance to engineering construction. In this paper, with the aid of 500gt geo-centrifuge of Chengdu University of Technology, taking the No. 12 landslide of Panzhihua Airport as the background, the deformation and failure characteristics of the slope under the condition of rainfall and groundwater are simulated in order to reproduce the failure process. Through high speed camera and a series of test elements, the mechanism of sliding failure is analyzed and discussed. The main research results are as follows: (1) A set of new centrifugal model rainfall test device is designed and developed, including atomization centrifugal spray system and pressure system. Lighting system, the device can be sealed with the model box, effectively solve the previous centrifuge rainfall uneven problem; (2) based on Panzhihua Airport fill body as the prototype according to the model to build a three-dimensional centrifuge model NC400, The distribution of sand-mud and mudstone is considered emphatically, and three rows of anti-slide piles are considered. The simulation device of pavement and groundwater is added to simulate the real situation of airport high fill as far as possible. The rainfall simulation is carried out at the acceleration of 150g in order to restore the deformation and failure process of the high fill slope. More than 60 earth pressure sensors, pore water pressure sensors, strain gauges and displacement sensors are used. (3) according to the experimental results and monitoring elements, the slope is mainly composed of subsidence creep at the initial stage, the maximum settlement is about 4 cm, equivalent to 6 m prototype. At the beginning of deformation, it is assumed that the line formed a fine tensile fracture, and after about 200s of rainfall, the U1 pore water pressure sensor located in the slope shoulder was the first to react. And with the increase of infiltration pore pressure, the maximum is 84.43 KPA. (4) after two torrential rains in the deformation stage, the slope body slides obviously. At this stage, the pressure on the pile has been increased to 66.22 MPa due to the continuous creep earth pressure has been reduced. It can also be seen from the strain data of the pile body that the internal force of the back row pile is much greater than that of the front row, and the internal force of the pile body facing the sliding direction is greater than the back side. (5) the damage of the experimental model starts from the slope top platform, and the deformation of the shoulder of the slope is the greatest. And from the plane, the deformation on the left side is larger than that on the right side. The experimental results are similar to the deformation and failure process of the No. 12 landslide. The landslide sliding mechanism is verified by deepening the understanding of landslide sliding mechanism from the aspects of slope deformation and fracture characteristics, anti-slide pile force, pore pressure and soil pressure, etc.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P642.22

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