【摘要】：本文是對(duì)惠亞電子科技(深圳)有限公司的中央空調(diào)冷卻塔系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行節(jié)能的應(yīng)用研究。在中央空調(diào)冷卻塔系統(tǒng)中，全壓運(yùn)行的工作方式因結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、初期投資少，而在各行各業(yè)中得到長(zhǎng)期、廣泛的應(yīng)用。但由于全壓運(yùn)行方式的水泵輸出功率與負(fù)荷的波動(dòng)無動(dòng)態(tài)變化關(guān)系，因而存在嚴(yán)重浪費(fèi)電能的問題，隨著國家節(jié)能政策的推進(jìn)，以及企業(yè)營(yíng)運(yùn)成本削減需求的高漲，在中央空調(diào)冷卻塔系統(tǒng)中引入實(shí)時(shí)控制已成為必須的要求。 首先，針對(duì)熱負(fù)荷情況及空調(diào)設(shè)備的工作特點(diǎn)，在明確設(shè)備的工藝要求條件下，結(jié)合循環(huán)水泵變頻節(jié)電原理，分析現(xiàn)場(chǎng)數(shù)據(jù)后，預(yù)估出節(jié)能幅度。確定控制對(duì)象為冷卻水塔的出水溫度并提出了3種備選方案，經(jīng)比較確定采用變頻分段自動(dòng)控制方案（一級(jí)閉環(huán)反饋方案）�；赑LC控制的空調(diào)冷卻塔循環(huán)水泵變頻節(jié)能應(yīng)用研宄具有一定的拓展性：國內(nèi)各種各樣的變頻調(diào)速的應(yīng)用匯編并不罕見，有的理論性較強(qiáng)，但多偏重仿真；有的則偏重應(yīng)用效果而缺乏技術(shù)細(xì)節(jié)介紹。本文力求吸取前輩經(jīng)驗(yàn)精華，用于改造方案總體設(shè)計(jì)，并在改造設(shè)計(jì)前，進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)失效模式與效果分析，，并制定相應(yīng)的防范對(duì)策。 接著，結(jié)合主要部件的性能規(guī)格進(jìn)行如下設(shè)計(jì)：（1)系統(tǒng)電路圖設(shè)計(jì)：主回路用變頻/工頻雙電源供電方式；變頻器用DC mA控制信號(hào)，提高抗干擾能力。（2) PLC程序設(shè)計(jì)：建立冷卻塔出水溫度（°C)、冷卻塔出水溫度經(jīng)A/D轉(zhuǎn)換后的數(shù)字量（V)、水泵電動(dòng)機(jī)運(yùn)行頻率（Hz)三者的比例關(guān)系，使它們能等量轉(zhuǎn)換，實(shí)現(xiàn)控制、比較、顯示功能；用區(qū)間比較功能指令解決分段自動(dòng)控制問題；用程序TO/FROM指令，結(jié)合專用模塊存儲(chǔ)器分配表，實(shí)現(xiàn)出水溫度值的A/D轉(zhuǎn)換和輸出頻率的D/A轉(zhuǎn)換;(3)觸摸屏人機(jī)畫面設(shè)計(jì)：監(jiān)控實(shí)時(shí)參數(shù)、建立累計(jì)運(yùn)行時(shí)間檔案、設(shè)計(jì)人工指令如調(diào)節(jié)受控溫度區(qū)間和對(duì)應(yīng)的水泵電動(dòng)機(jī)運(yùn)行頻率值、自動(dòng)/手動(dòng)方式選擇等。 最后,裝置用于實(shí)際驗(yàn)證。2013年7月投入運(yùn)行以來，8個(gè)月的運(yùn)行表明：（1)系統(tǒng)無自激振蕩、無失控；沒有元件損壞。（2)通過電度表對(duì)改造前/后的電能用量比較可得：每小時(shí)平均用電量節(jié)省了31.11%。（3)通過示波器測(cè)量改造前/后變頻器輸入/輸出端電壓波形，可知新系統(tǒng)的諧波、噪聲在可接受水平。
[Abstract]:This paper studies the application of energy-saving in central air-conditioning cooling tower system of Huiya Electronic Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. In the central air conditioning cooling tower system, the operation mode of full pressure operation is widely used in various industries because of its simple structure and low initial investment. However, since the output power of pump in full pressure operation mode has no dynamic relation with the fluctuation of load, there is a serious problem of wasting electric energy. With the promotion of national energy conservation policy and the high demand for reducing the operating cost of enterprises, the output power of the pump has no dynamic relationship with the fluctuation of the load. It is necessary to introduce real-time control into the cooling tower system of central air-conditioning system. Firstly, according to the heat load and the working characteristics of air conditioning equipment, under the condition of clear equipment process requirement, combined with the principle of circulating water pump frequency conversion and electricity saving, the energy saving range is estimated after analyzing the field data. The effluent temperature of the cooling water tower is determined as the control object and three alternative schemes are put forward. The frequency conversion subsection automatic control scheme (one stage closed loop feedback scheme) is adopted by comparison. The research on the application of frequency conversion and energy saving of circulating water pump in air conditioning cooling tower based on PLC has certain expansibility: the application compilation of various frequency conversion speed regulation in our country is not rare, some theory is strong, but more emphasis is placed on simulation; Some emphasis on application results and lack of technical details. This paper tries to absorb the quintessence of the predecessor's experience and apply it to the overall design of the transformation scheme. Before the transformation design, the failure mode and effect of the system are analyzed, and the corresponding countermeasures are worked out. Then, according to the performance specifications of the main components, the following designs are carried out: (1) the circuit diagram of the system: the main circuit is supplied by frequency conversion / power frequency dual power supply mode, and the DC Ma control signal is used in the converter. (2) PLC program design: the proportional relationship of cooling tower effluent temperature (擄C), cooling tower effluent temperature (V) after A- / D conversion and pump motor operating frequency (Hz) is established, so that they can be converted in equal quantities to realize control and comparison. Display function; using interval comparison function instruction to solve segment automatic control problem; using program TO-FROM instruction, combined with special module memory allocation table, Ar / D conversion of effluent temperature and D / A conversion of output frequency; (3) human-computer screen design of touch screen: monitoring real-time parameters, establishing cumulative running time file, Design manual instructions such as adjusting the controlled temperature range and the corresponding operating frequency of pump motor, automatic / manual mode selection, etc. Finally, the device is used for practical verification. Since it was put into operation in July 2013, the 8-month operation shows that: (1) the system has no self-excited oscillation and no runaway; No component damage. (2) through the watt-hour meter before / after the power consumption comparison can be obtained: the average power consumption per hour saved 31.11. (3) through the oscilloscope to measure the input / output voltage waveform of the inverter before / after the transformation, we can know the harmonic of the new system, Noise is at acceptable levels.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TB657.2

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 呂艷;;PLC、變頻器在中央空調(diào)冷卻水泵節(jié)能循環(huán)控制中的應(yīng)用[J];自動(dòng)化技術(shù)與應(yīng)用;2010年08期

本文編號(hào)：2131922