本文選題：聲學(xué)超材料 + 低頻隔聲　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：聲學(xué)超材料是近些年才得到發(fā)展的一種新型材料,有望廣泛被應(yīng)用于噪聲控制減振隔振以及新型波導(dǎo)器件設(shè)計等領(lǐng)域。聲學(xué)超材料的研究熱點在于設(shè)計一種結(jié)構(gòu)比較簡單和制作成本較低的聲學(xué)超材料,使其具有比較好的隔聲和減振性能。本文從噪聲控制和減振隔振兩個方面出發(fā),著重分析了聲學(xué)超材料的低頻隔聲機理和在特定頻段的減振特性,探討了多質(zhì)量塊聲學(xué)超材料在低頻隔聲減振隔振和彈性波控制方面的優(yōu)勢,結(jié)合實驗驗證有限元仿真結(jié)果,更好地將多質(zhì)量塊聲學(xué)超材料推向?qū)嶋H應(yīng)用中。首先,針對薄膜型聲學(xué)超材料,引入含有阻尼力的等效質(zhì)量彈簧模型證實了聲學(xué)超材料在某些特定頻率下具有負(fù)有效質(zhì)量密度。以平面波傳播理論為基礎(chǔ),利用有限單元法獲得本文設(shè)計的薄膜型聲學(xué)超材料胞元的隔聲量曲線,結(jié)合本征模態(tài)分析和聲固耦合分析獲得薄膜型聲學(xué)超材料的最佳隔聲頻率。通過改變質(zhì)量塊的幾何參數(shù)、個數(shù)和分布形式使得薄膜型聲學(xué)超材料的隔聲波峰數(shù)目增多以及在低頻段的隔聲量大大增加。然后,借鑒二維聲子晶體能帶結(jié)構(gòu)的求解方法,以薄板的Poisson理論為基礎(chǔ),通過平面波展開法獲得聲學(xué)超材料板的縱向振動能帶結(jié)構(gòu)方程。應(yīng)用有限單元法獲得二維聲學(xué)超材料板的縱向振動頻率響應(yīng)曲線,驗證能帶結(jié)構(gòu)圖中的帶隙,并詳細(xì)探討了聲學(xué)超材料板在頻率不同的縱向激勵作用下的振動特征。通過改變多個散射體的分布形式設(shè)計了不同形式的聲學(xué)超材料板,使其在減振隔振和彈性波控制方面表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異。最后,為了驗證聲學(xué)超材料的隔聲和減振性能,本課題根據(jù)仿真模型分別制備了薄膜型聲學(xué)超材料胞元和二維聲學(xué)超材料板。通過4206型阻抗管測試系統(tǒng)和振動測試平臺進行隔聲測試以及減振實驗,獲得聲學(xué)超材料胞元的隔聲曲線和二維聲學(xué)超材料板在縱向激勵作用下的頻率響應(yīng)曲線,與有限元仿真結(jié)果吻合較好。本文驗證了所研究的聲學(xué)超材料的隔聲和減振特性。
[Abstract]:Acoustic supermaterial is a new material developed in recent years, which is expected to be widely used in noise control. Vibration absorption and isolation and new waveguide device design and other fields. The research focus of acoustic supermaterial is to design an acoustic supermaterial with simple structure and low cost to make it have better sound insulation and vibration absorption performance. In this paper, from the aspects of noise control and vibration isolation, the low frequency sound insulation mechanism of acoustic supermaterial and the characteristics of vibration absorption in specific frequency range are analyzed, and the low frequency sound insulation of multi-mass block acoustic supermaterial is discussed. The advantages of vibration absorption and vibration isolation and elastic wave control are combined with the experimental results to verify the finite element simulation results, and the multi-mass block acoustic supermaterial is better applied in practical application. Firstly, the equivalent mass spring model with damping force is introduced to confirm that the film acoustic supermaterial has negative effective mass density at certain frequencies. Based on the theory of plane wave propagation, the sound insulation curve of thin film acoustic supermaterial designed in this paper is obtained by using finite element method, and the optimum sound insulation frequency of thin film acoustic supermaterial is obtained by combining intrinsic mode analysis and acoustic structure coupling analysis. By changing the geometric parameters, number and distribution of mass blocks, the number of acoustic peaks of thin film acoustic supermaterials and the amount of sound insulation in low frequency band are greatly increased. Then, based on the Poisson theory of thin plate, the longitudinal vibrational band structure equation of acoustic supermaterial plate is obtained by using the method of two-dimensional phonon crystal energy band structure solution and the plane wave expansion method. By using finite element method, the longitudinal vibration frequency response curves of two-dimensional acoustic supermaterial plates are obtained, and the band gaps in the energy band structure are verified. The vibration characteristics of acoustic supermaterial plates under different longitudinal excitations with different frequencies are discussed in detail. By changing the distribution of multiple scatterers, different types of acoustic metamaterials are designed to perform well in vibration absorption and vibration isolation and elastic wave control. Finally, in order to verify the sound insulation and vibration absorption performance of acoustic metamaterials, thin film acoustic supermaterials and two-dimensional acoustic metamaterials were prepared according to the simulation model. The acoustic insulation curve of acoustic supermaterial cell and the frequency response curve of two-dimensional acoustic metamaterial plate under longitudinal excitation are obtained by means of sound insulation test and vibration absorption experiment of 4206 type impedance tube test system and vibration test platform. The results are in good agreement with the finite element simulation results. In this paper, the sound insulation and vibration absorption characteristics of the studied acoustic supermaterial are verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB39;TB535.1

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本文編號：2048477