本文選題：無(wú)人機(jī)遙感 + 攝影測(cè)量��； 參考：《南京航空航天大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái)，無(wú)人機(jī)遙感系統(tǒng)由于其機(jī)動(dòng)靈活、成本低、分辨率高、便于高危地區(qū)探測(cè)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，已廣泛應(yīng)用于軍事偵察、自然災(zāi)害監(jiān)測(cè)與評(píng)估和土地利用調(diào)查等國(guó)防國(guó)民應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。無(wú)人機(jī)影像幾何處理的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題在于明確無(wú)人機(jī)影像像平面坐標(biāo)與地面坐標(biāo)系之間的數(shù)學(xué)關(guān)系，以便對(duì)無(wú)人機(jī)影像進(jìn)行三維空間地理信息提取。然而，無(wú)人機(jī)遙感影像具有姿態(tài)不穩(wěn)定、像幅小、數(shù)量多等特點(diǎn)，傳統(tǒng)航空攝影測(cè)量的方法往往無(wú)法進(jìn)行。如何解決這一難題，這是目前無(wú)人機(jī)遙感影像處理的一個(gè)研究重點(diǎn)，，也是本文主要的研究方向。 本文針對(duì)無(wú)人機(jī)遙感影像特點(diǎn)，提出了一種較為新穎的無(wú)人機(jī)影像幾何處理方法。利用對(duì)偶四元數(shù)來(lái)描述攝影成像時(shí)無(wú)人機(jī)影像的位置和姿態(tài)，建立基于對(duì)偶四元數(shù)的連續(xù)像對(duì)相對(duì)定向模型，對(duì)無(wú)人機(jī)影像進(jìn)行像方拼接。然后建立基于對(duì)偶四元數(shù)的GPS輔助光束法平差模型，將機(jī)載GPS數(shù)據(jù)與攝影測(cè)量觀測(cè)值進(jìn)行聯(lián)合平差，求解像點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)與地面點(diǎn)位置的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，實(shí)現(xiàn)影像的地理定位。在理論研究的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)無(wú)人機(jī)影像進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，驗(yàn)證了本文所提方案的正確性。本文的研究成果將對(duì)無(wú)人機(jī)影像的鑲嵌以及基于無(wú)人機(jī)影像的目標(biāo)精確定位具有重要的參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:In recent years, UAV remote sensing system has been widely used in military reconnaissance, natural disaster monitoring and assessment, land use survey and other national defense applications due to its advantages of flexibility, low cost, high resolution and easy to detect high-risk areas. The key problem of UAV image geometric processing is to make clear the mathematical relation between plane coordinate and ground coordinate system of UAV image, so as to extract 3D spatial geographic information from UAV image. However, UAV remote sensing images have the characteristics of unstable attitude, small image amplitude and large number, so traditional aerial photogrammetry methods often can not be carried out. How to solve this problem is a research focus of UAV remote sensing image processing and the main research direction of this paper. According to the characteristics of UAV remote sensing image, a novel geometric processing method of UAV image is proposed in this paper. The dual quaternion is used to describe the position and attitude of UAV images in photographic imaging, and a continuous image pair relative orientation model based on dual quaternion is established, and the UAV images are spliced in image square. Then a GPS auxiliary beam adjustment model based on dual quaternion is established. The airborne GPS data and the photogrammetric observations are adjusted jointly to solve the corresponding relationship between the image coordinates and the position of the ground points and to realize the geographic location of the image. On the basis of theoretical research, the experimental results of UAV images verify the correctness of the proposed scheme. The research results of this paper will have important reference value for UAV image mosaic and target location based on UAV image.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TP751

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