本文選題：瓶頸識別 + 約束理論��； 參考：《沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：為迎合消費(fèi)者的個性化需求、滿足市場的快速變化,企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)方式逐漸從大批量生產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦呷嵝缘亩嗥贩N、小批量生產(chǎn)。拉式控制策略在降低生產(chǎn)成本、縮短生產(chǎn)周期、降低在制品庫存等方面具有明顯優(yōu)勢,并且多適用于重復(fù)性高、生產(chǎn)穩(wěn)定的環(huán)境。然而,在多產(chǎn)品環(huán)境下,由于加工車間生產(chǎn)工藝和生產(chǎn)工序接續(xù)關(guān)系的復(fù)雜性往往會造成生產(chǎn)制造過程中生產(chǎn)線上的擁堵,即出現(xiàn)生產(chǎn)瓶頸,使得拉式策略的優(yōu)勢難以充分發(fā)揮。為此,本文研究了考慮瓶頸效應(yīng)的制造系統(tǒng)拉式控制方法。為了識別生產(chǎn)流程中的瓶頸資源,本文首先對現(xiàn)有的主要瓶頸識別方法進(jìn)行了分析和對比,綜合生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)的機(jī)器利用率和在制品平均等待時間,建立了多產(chǎn)品加工車間的瓶頸識別模型。在此基礎(chǔ)上,對現(xiàn)有的推式(Push)和拉式(Pull)生產(chǎn)控制策略(PCS)進(jìn)行了分析和總結(jié),進(jìn)而提出一種基于瓶頸的推拉結(jié)合的“雙閉環(huán)”控制策略(CK-DBR控制策略),將拉式控制策略和約束理論集成應(yīng)用于車間生產(chǎn)控制過程中。面向多產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)過程,提出了一種定量在制品(CONWIP)控制策略和鼓—緩沖區(qū)—繩子(DBR)控制技術(shù)推拉結(jié)合控制策略。內(nèi)環(huán)是由系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部瓶頸觸發(fā)的DBR控制結(jié)構(gòu),外環(huán)是由實(shí)際需求觸發(fā)的CONWIP控制結(jié)構(gòu),通過內(nèi)外“雙閉環(huán)”控制,以期減少在制品庫存和縮短平均生產(chǎn)周期,同時保持容量的柔性、較高的產(chǎn)出率和機(jī)器設(shè)備利用率。為驗(yàn)證所建立瓶頸模型和控制策略的有效性,本文應(yīng)用離散事件仿真技術(shù),完成了系統(tǒng)仿真。分別建立了Push、Kanban、CONWIP以及CK-DBR控制策略的排隊(duì)網(wǎng)模型,并描述了四種控制策略的運(yùn)行機(jī)理。進(jìn)一步,本文針對多產(chǎn)品作業(yè)調(diào)度問題,基于ExtendSim平臺進(jìn)行仿真研究,分別選取多產(chǎn)品單一路徑和混流路徑為對象,對Push、Kanban、CONWIP以及CK-DBR這四種模式下的控制效果進(jìn)行比較分析。分別討論了原材料波動、訂單波動、產(chǎn)品投產(chǎn)組合對調(diào)度結(jié)果的影響。仿真結(jié)果表明,拉式控制的有效性強(qiáng)于推式控制,而本文所提出的CK-DBR控制策略在降低在制品庫存、縮短平均生產(chǎn)周期時間、均衡機(jī)器利用率等方面優(yōu)于其他三種控制策略。此外,CK-DBR控制策略在降低生產(chǎn)過程波動造成的影響方面同樣具有滿意的性能,有利于系統(tǒng)的平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the individual needs of consumers and meet the rapid changes in the market, the mode of production of enterprises has gradually changed from mass production to more flexible multi-variety and small batch production. The pull control strategy has obvious advantages in reducing the production cost, shortening the production cycle and reducing the in-process inventory, and it is more suitable for the environment of high reproducibility and stable production. However, in a multi-product environment, because of the complexity of the relationship between the production process and the continuity of the production process in the process of production, the production line will often become congested, that is, the production bottleneck will occur. Make the advantage of pull strategy difficult to give full play. Therefore, this paper studies the pull control method of manufacturing system considering bottleneck effect. In order to identify the bottleneck resources in the production process, this paper first analyzes and compares the existing main bottleneck identification methods, synthesizing the machine utilization ratio and the average waiting time of the in-process production system. The bottleneck identification model of multi-product processing workshop is established. On this basis, the existing production control strategies of push (push) and pull (pull) are analyzed and summarized. Furthermore, a "double closed loop" control strategy based on bottleneck is proposed. The pull control strategy and constraint theory are integrated into the process of workshop production control. For the multi-product production process, a quantitative in-process control strategy (CONWIP) and a push-pull combined control strategy for drum, buffer and rope control techniques are proposed. The inner loop is the DBR control structure triggered by the internal bottleneck of the system, and the outer loop is the CONWIP control structure triggered by the actual demand. The internal and external "double closed loop" control is used to reduce the in-process inventory and shorten the average production cycle, while keeping the flexibility of the capacity. High output rate and machine equipment utilization ratio. In order to verify the effectiveness of the bottleneck model and control strategy, the discrete event simulation technology is applied to complete the system simulation. The queuing network models of Push-Kanban-con WIP and CK-DBR control policies are established respectively, and the operation mechanism of four control strategies is described. Furthermore, aiming at the multi-product job scheduling problem, this paper simulates and studies the multi-product single path and mixed-flow path based on ExtendSim platform, and compares and analyzes the control effects of Push-Kanbanan ConWIP and CK-DBR. The effects of raw material fluctuation, order fluctuation and product combination on scheduling results are discussed respectively. The simulation results show that the pull control is more effective than the push control, and the proposed CK-DBR control strategy is superior to the other three control strategies in reducing the in-process inventory, shortening the average production cycle time and balancing the machine utilization ratio. In addition, the CK-DBR control strategy has the same satisfactory performance in reducing the impact caused by the fluctuation of the production process, which is conducive to the smooth operation of the system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB49

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