本文選題：地下水開采 + 地面沉降　； 參考：《山東大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來由于經濟發(fā)展以及國內人口數量的增長,開采地下水資源從而導致的大范圍沉降現(xiàn)象已經成為一個不可回避的巖土工程問題。本文以德州市德城區(qū)為計算背景,以理論分析及數值研究相結合的方法,以探究地下水開采過程中不同含水層失水壓縮特性為目標,綜合考慮地下水動力學理論以及水文地質學、地下水動力學和巖土力學等,對研究區(qū)域內不同時期開采地下水量進行數值模擬,并且對影響地面沉降的參數進行基于蒙特卡羅方法的隨機性研究及參數的敏感性分析,研究深層地下水開采引發(fā)的地面沉降問題,為德州市德城區(qū)沉降現(xiàn)象的治理提出解決方案,減少沉降現(xiàn)象引起的經濟損失。本文研究主要內容如下:1.研究分析地質參數隨機性基于研究區(qū)域德城區(qū)的概況研究,引入蒙特卡洛隨機理論及敏感性分析理論,對影響地面沉降的重要影響參數進行分析研究,并且進行重要影響參數的敏感性分析,得出不同參數對地面沉降的影響程度并將參數進行敏感性排序,對抽取相同地下水資源而降低沉降量具有重要意義。2.對區(qū)域地下水流場規(guī)律進行分析研究確切的把握研究區(qū)域的流場動態(tài)變化是進行地下水開采誘發(fā)地面沉降的重要基礎工作,在充分了解德城區(qū)地質概況及水文地質概況的基礎上,概化得出德州市德城區(qū)研究區(qū)域的水文地質模型,確定地下水系統(tǒng)的補給、徑流、排泄等條件,得出不同時期研究區(qū)域地下水流場分布規(guī)律為地面沉降計算奠定了基礎。3.建立研究區(qū)域三維流固耦合沉降數值模型依照主要開采地下水層位含水層的水力特征,基于有限元理論建立三維流固耦合沉降數值模型,模擬地下水開采過程中含水層的流量和水頭變化,進而得出開采地下水量導致的沉降量�；诘轮菔械鲁菂^(qū)深層地下水開采模型,對不同含水層進行特性分析,在進行地下水開采的分析中,對沉降數據進行整理分析,逐層分析含水層失水壓縮特性,進而得出含水層的變化特征。根據地面沉降的模擬結果以及對地面沉降重要影響因素的分析,對研究區(qū)域的地下水開采情況提出合理的意見與建議。
[Abstract]:In recent years, because of the economic development and the increase of the domestic population, the phenomenon of large-scale settlement caused by the exploitation of groundwater resources has become an unavoidable geotechnical engineering problem. In this paper, based on the background of Decheng District of Dezhou City and the method of theoretical analysis and numerical study, the purpose of this paper is to explore the characteristics of water-loss compression of different aquifers in the process of groundwater exploitation. Considering the theory of groundwater dynamics, hydrogeology, groundwater dynamics and geotechnical mechanics, numerical simulation of groundwater exploitation in different periods in the study area is carried out. And the parameters affecting the ground subsidence are studied based on the randomness of Monte Carlo method and the sensitivity analysis of the parameters to study the ground subsidence caused by the exploitation of deep groundwater. In order to reduce the economic loss caused by the settlement phenomenon, a solution is put forward for the settlement phenomenon in Dezhou City. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1: 1. The research and analysis of the randomness of geological parameters based on the general situation of the study area Decheng District, the introduction of Monte Carlo stochastic theory and sensitivity analysis theory to analyze the important influence parameters affecting the land subsidence. By analyzing the sensitivity of the important parameters, the influence degree of different parameters on the land subsidence is obtained, and the sensitivity ranking of the parameters is obtained, which is of great significance for extracting the same groundwater resources and reducing the subsidence. The analysis and research on the law of regional groundwater flow field exactly grasp that the dynamic change of the flow field in the study area is an important basic work for ground subsidence induced by groundwater exploitation. On the basis of fully understanding the geological and hydrogeological situation of Decheng District, the hydrogeological model of the research area of Decheng District of Dezhou City is obtained, and the recharge, runoff and discharge conditions of groundwater system are determined. It is concluded that the distribution law of groundwater flow field in different periods lays a foundation for the calculation of land subsidence. The numerical model of three-dimensional fluid-solid coupled settlement in the studied area is established according to the hydraulic characteristics of the groundwater aquifer, and the numerical model of three-dimensional fluid-solid coupling settlement is established based on the finite element theory. The flow rate and water head change of aquifer during groundwater exploitation are simulated, and the settlement caused by groundwater exploitation is obtained. Based on the model of deep groundwater exploitation in Decheng District of Dezhou City, the characteristics of different aquifers are analyzed. In the analysis of groundwater exploitation, the settlement data are analyzed, and the characteristics of aquifer water loss and compression are analyzed layer by layer. Furthermore, the characteristics of aquifer variation are obtained. Based on the simulation results of the ground subsidence and the analysis of the important factors affecting the ground subsidence, the reasonable opinions and suggestions on the groundwater exploitation in the study area are put forward.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P641.8;P642.26

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