本文選題：潛艇 + 隱身技術(shù)　； 參考：《哈爾濱工程大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文根據(jù)連續(xù)式消聲覆蓋層已難以實(shí)現(xiàn)低頻消聲的問題,提出了離散式陣列消聲結(jié)構(gòu),即是在耐壓金屬空腔結(jié)構(gòu)表面敷設(shè)粘彈性材料構(gòu)成一個(gè)聲學(xué)單元,再將系列聲學(xué)單元排列形成離散式消聲器陣列。本文首先采用有限元方法對(duì)水下離散式消聲器陣列機(jī)理進(jìn)行了理論研究。為了便于機(jī)理研究,將聲學(xué)單元周期排列,放入無限大水介質(zhì)中,取水介質(zhì)、結(jié)構(gòu)和邊界面組成的一個(gè)周期單元,用ANSYS軟件進(jìn)行有限單元網(wǎng)格劃分。周期單元為一個(gè)六面體,包括入射波端面、透射波端面以及由于結(jié)構(gòu)周期性產(chǎn)生的四個(gè)面,在這四個(gè)面上,依據(jù)Bloch理論,節(jié)點(diǎn)聲壓和位移存在周期關(guān)系。由于現(xiàn)有的有限元軟件不能處理這種周期邊界條件,所以本文采用自編有限元程序?qū)λ码x散式消聲器陣列的聲學(xué)性能進(jìn)行仿真分析。采用解析方法對(duì)水下彈性體(球、球殼)的散射聲場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了仿真分析,推導(dǎo)了敷設(shè)粘彈性材料球殼的散射聲場(chǎng)的解析解,了解了一個(gè)聲學(xué)單元的散射特性,為水下離散式消聲器陣列聲學(xué)單元的選取提供了依據(jù)。數(shù)值分析了水下離散式消聲器陣列的隔聲性能,對(duì)比分析了不同類型的聲學(xué)單元對(duì)隔聲效果的影響。針對(duì)同一種聲學(xué)單元,探討了聲學(xué)單元大小、粘彈性層材料參數(shù)(密度、楊氏模量、損耗因子、厚度、泊松比)的變化對(duì)消聲器陣列隔聲性能的影響。最后依照仿真中的消聲器陣列結(jié)構(gòu)模型,加工了五種聲學(xué)單元,分別布放在壓力罐的隔板上,在不同壓力條件下,通過測(cè)量有無聲學(xué)單元安裝時(shí)遠(yuǎn)場(chǎng)的輻射聲功率,試驗(yàn)研究水下離散式消聲器陣列的隔聲性能。試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)分析結(jié)果表明:有限元方法對(duì)于研究水下離散式消聲器陣列的隔聲性能是適用的;水下離散式消聲器陣列對(duì)低頻段隔聲是有效的。
[Abstract]:In this paper, according to the problem that it is difficult to realize low frequency noise suppression in continuous anechoic coating, a discrete array structure is proposed, that is, a viscoelastic material is laid on the surface of a pressure resistant metal cavity structure to form an acoustic unit. Then a series of acoustic units are arranged to form a discrete muffler array. In this paper, the mechanism of underwater discrete muffler array is studied by finite element method. In order to study the mechanism, the acoustic elements are arranged periodically and put into infinite water medium, a periodic unit composed of water collecting medium, structure and boundary surface. The finite element mesh is divided by ANSYS software. The periodic element is a hexahedron, which consists of the end plane of the incident wave, the end plane of the transmission wave and the four surfaces produced by the periodicity of the structure. According to the Bloch theory, there exists a periodic relationship between the nodal sound pressure and the displacement. Because the existing finite element software can not deal with this periodic boundary condition, the acoustic performance of the underwater discrete muffler array is simulated and analyzed by using the self-compiled finite element program. The scattering sound field of an underwater elastic body (sphere, shell) is simulated by analytical method. The analytical solution of the scattering sound field of a spherical shell with viscoelastic material is derived, and the scattering characteristics of an acoustic unit are understood. It provides a basis for the selection of acoustic elements of underwater discrete muffler array. The sound insulation performance of underwater discrete muffler array is numerically analyzed, and the effects of different acoustic elements on the sound insulation effect are compared and analyzed. The effects of the size of acoustic units and the material parameters of viscoelastic layer (density, Young's modulus, loss factor, thickness, Poisson's ratio) on the sound insulation of the muffler array are discussed. Finally, according to the silencer array structure model in the simulation, five acoustic units are machined and placed on the diaphragm of the pressure tank respectively. Under different pressure conditions, the radiated sound power in the far field is measured by measuring whether there are acoustic units installed in the far field. The sound insulation performance of underwater discrete muffler array is studied experimentally. The experimental results show that the finite element method is suitable for studying the sound insulation performance of underwater discrete muffler array, and the underwater discrete muffler array is effective for low frequency band sound insulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TB565

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