本文選題：汽車懸架系統(tǒng) + 磁流變阻尼器　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人們生活條件的不斷改善，汽車只發(fā)揮代步工具的作用已經(jīng)無法滿足乘客的要求，人們在選擇汽車的時候，更多的關(guān)注于車輛的舒適性、操縱穩(wěn)定性以及安全性。改善汽車懸架系統(tǒng)的減振功能是提高車輛行駛時舒適平穩(wěn)性最有效的途徑。現(xiàn)在對磁流變阻尼器懸架系統(tǒng)的控制所普遍使用的是天棚阻尼控制策略，它雖然能很好地提升系統(tǒng)性能，但還是存在Bang-Bang控制、控制力的方向不可控等不足。論文針對上述策略所存在的缺陷進行研究。 論文首先對汽車懸架系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展以及磁流變阻尼器在該系統(tǒng)上的應(yīng)用情況進行簡要的描述。分析了磁流變液的流變機理，根據(jù)它的組成成分不同進行分類，由此可以選出適合汽車懸架的類型。再對磁流變阻尼器的工作原理進行簡介并以用途不同進行分類，在多種分類中用于汽車懸架的通常是剪切閥式結(jié)構(gòu)。又介紹了磁流變阻尼器的不同模型并分析各模型下的力學特性。重點研究參數(shù)化動力模型中的Bingham模型，該模型將可控力部分和粘滯阻尼力分開，在進行控制時大大降低其它模型所具有的復雜非線性。文中對于Bingham模型所存在的誤差問題給出合理的修正模型。 然后構(gòu)建路出面擾動信號的激勵模型并且以Bingham模型為基礎(chǔ)創(chuàng)建汽車懸架系統(tǒng)的局部動力學模型。然后對天棚阻尼控制策略進行簡要分析，此策略只能實現(xiàn)最大控制力和零控制力間切換的Bang-Bang控制，無法發(fā)揮磁流變阻尼器控制力連續(xù)可調(diào)的優(yōu)勢，而且對控制力方向無法控制。文中對此提出優(yōu)化方案，將控制力的方向用簧載質(zhì)量和簧下質(zhì)量的速度差替換，經(jīng)過推導求出最優(yōu)的參數(shù)，最后實現(xiàn)對阻尼器的優(yōu)化控制，仿真結(jié)果表明此方案確實是可行的。 論文最后求取可控庫侖力的計算公式，，并且為消除控制系統(tǒng)中的非線性部分擬合出可控庫侖力的逆函數(shù)，經(jīng)過這些過程控制系統(tǒng)基本上能夠完成線性化的目標。然后搭建出完整的磁流變阻尼器懸架閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng)并提出幾個汽車懸架系統(tǒng)的評價參考量。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of people's living conditions, the vehicle can not meet the requirements of passengers only as a means of transportation. When people choose a car, they pay more attention to the comfort, handling stability and safety of the vehicle. Improving the damping function of vehicle suspension system is the most effective way to improve the comfort and stability of vehicle. At present, the control strategy of magnetorheological damper suspension system is the ceiling damping control strategy. Although it can improve the performance of the system, but there are still some shortcomings such as Bang-Bang control, the direction of control force is not controllable and so on. In this paper, the defects of the above strategies are studied. Firstly, the development of automobile suspension system and the application of Mr damper in the system are briefly described. The rheological mechanism of magnetorheological fluid is analyzed and the type suitable for automobile suspension can be selected according to the different composition of magnetorheological fluid. The principle of magnetorheological damper (MRD) is briefly introduced and classified according to different uses. In many kinds of classification, the shear valve structure is usually used in automobile suspension. The different models of Mr damper are introduced and the mechanical properties of each model are analyzed. The Bingham model in the parameterized dynamic model, which separates the controllable force from the viscous damping force, greatly reduces the complex nonlinearity of the other models. In this paper, a reasonable modified model is given for the error problem of Bingham model. Then the excitation model of road disturbance signal is constructed and the local dynamic model of vehicle suspension system is established based on Bingham model. Then a brief analysis of the ceiling damping control strategy is made. This strategy can only realize the Bang-Bang control of switching between the maximum control force and the zero control force, and can not play the advantage of continuously adjusting the control force of the magnetorheological damper, and can not control the direction of the control force. In this paper, an optimization scheme is proposed, in which the direction of the control force is replaced by the velocity difference between the spring load mass and the underspring mass, the optimal parameters are derived and the optimal control of the damper is finally realized. The simulation results show that the scheme is feasible. At the end of this paper, the calculation formula of controllable Kulun force is obtained, and the inverse function of controllable Coulomb force is fitted to eliminate the nonlinear part of the control system. After these processes, the control system can basically achieve the goal of linearization. Then a complete closed loop control system of magnetorheological damper suspension is built and several evaluation references for vehicle suspension system are proposed.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB535.1;TP273

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