本文選題：緩沖 + 跌落�。� 參考：《太原科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在物流過(guò)程中，沖擊和振動(dòng)是造成產(chǎn)品破損的主要原因。傳統(tǒng)研究大都將緩沖包裝系統(tǒng)簡(jiǎn)化為單自由度或線性系統(tǒng)，但緩沖包裝材料的非線性特征造成理論研究結(jié)果與實(shí)際情況不符�；诮�(jīng)典包裝動(dòng)力學(xué)理論，本文研發(fā)了跌落沖擊測(cè)試系統(tǒng)以研究典型包裝材料的跌落緩沖特性，結(jié)合振動(dòng)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)對(duì)照研究了發(fā)泡聚乙烯的緩沖特性和隔振特性，建立了發(fā)泡聚乙烯的緩沖特性和隔振粘彈性多項(xiàng)式正切模型。 論文第二章基于經(jīng)典包裝動(dòng)力學(xué)緩沖理論，研發(fā)了跌落沖擊測(cè)試系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)采用整體框架式機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)，通過(guò)modbus協(xié)議使上位機(jī)和PLC通訊實(shí)現(xiàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程控制，通過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)采集卡實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)采集，采用多級(jí)數(shù)字濾波技術(shù)進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)濾波處理，對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)處理后可得到緩沖包裝材料的緩沖特性曲線及沖擊譜。該系統(tǒng)采集自由跌落沖擊過(guò)程中加速度信號(hào)，并對(duì)其進(jìn)行處理，完整記錄整個(gè)跌落過(guò)程特性，為進(jìn)一步研究緩沖材料的本構(gòu)模型提供了基礎(chǔ)。 第三章中，利用上述實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)研究了發(fā)泡聚乙烯材料的跌落緩沖特性，基于粘彈性理論建立其跌落緩沖本構(gòu)模型，進(jìn)而建立考慮彈性易損件的緩沖包裝系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型，研究了發(fā)泡聚乙烯材料在包裝產(chǎn)品跌落緩沖過(guò)程的防護(hù)特性及易損件的動(dòng)力學(xué)行為。研究表明，發(fā)泡聚乙烯緩沖襯墊的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸對(duì)易損件響應(yīng)影響巨大，且緩沖包裝產(chǎn)品的破損邊界呈現(xiàn)“√”形狀。根據(jù)緩沖包裝設(shè)計(jì)要求，提出綜合考慮經(jīng)濟(jì)性和安全性的概念，并引入系數(shù)表征經(jīng)濟(jì)性和安全性?xún)烧哧P(guān)系的權(quán)衡參數(shù)，在破損邊界區(qū)域利用線性插值方法權(quán)衡兩者的關(guān)系。 作為對(duì)照研究，第四章研究了振動(dòng)沖擊下發(fā)泡聚乙烯的隔振本構(gòu)模型，構(gòu)建了四分之一車(chē)輛運(yùn)輸模型，研究了采用路面隨機(jī)激勵(lì)作為輸入條件下的車(chē)載包裝產(chǎn)品的動(dòng)力學(xué)響應(yīng)。研究表明，發(fā)泡聚乙烯襯墊的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸對(duì)易損件的響應(yīng)同樣影響非常大，且發(fā)泡聚乙烯材料最佳結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸集中在破損邊界內(nèi)某個(gè)區(qū)域范圍內(nèi)，，一定條件下適當(dāng)增加襯墊面積可有效增強(qiáng)緩沖包裝產(chǎn)品的防護(hù)能力。 本文同時(shí)研究了跌落沖擊緩沖和運(yùn)輸隔振緩沖，基本涵蓋了產(chǎn)品包裝物流的主要過(guò)程，為精確設(shè)計(jì)緩沖、隔振及效果評(píng)價(jià)提供了理論依據(jù)和實(shí)驗(yàn)方法。
[Abstract]:In the process of logistics, shock and vibration are the main causes of product breakage. The traditional research mostly simplifies the cushioning packaging system as a single degree of freedom or linear system, but the nonlinear characteristics of the cushioning packaging materials cause the theoretical research results to be inconsistent with the actual situation. Based on the classical packaging dynamics theory, a drop impact testing system was developed to study the drop buffering characteristics of typical packaging materials, and the damping and vibration isolation characteristics of foamed polyethylene were compared with the vibration test bench. The cushioning characteristics of foamed polyethylene and the polynomial tangent model of viscoelastic vibration isolation were established. In the second chapter, based on the classical packaging dynamic buffer theory, a drop impact testing system is developed. The system adopts the integral frame mechanical structure, realizes the motion process control by the communication between the host computer and the PLC through modbus protocol, realizes the data acquisition through the data acquisition card, and adopts the multistage digital filtering technology to process the data. The buffering characteristic curve and shock spectrum of cushioning packaging material can be obtained after data processing. The system collects and processes the acceleration signal during the free drop impact process, and records the characteristics of the whole drop process completely, which provides the basis for the further study of the constitutive model of the buffer material. In chapter 3, the drop cushioning properties of foamed polyethylene are studied by using the above experimental system. Based on the viscoelastic theory, the drop buffer constitutive model is established, and the dynamic model of cushioning packaging system considering elastic and lossy parts is established. The protective properties of foamed polyethylene materials and the dynamic behavior of vulnerable parts were studied. The results show that the structural size of the cushioning pad of foamed polyethylene has a great influence on the response of the vulnerable parts, and the damaged boundary of the cushioning packaging products presents the shape of "square". According to the design requirements of cushioning packaging, the concept of economy and safety is proposed, and the trade-off parameter of coefficient is introduced to describe the relationship between economy and safety, and the linear interpolation method is used to weigh the relationship between the two in the damaged boundary area. As a comparative study, the fourth chapter studies the vibration isolation constitutive model of foamed polyethylene under vibration shock, constructs the 1/4 vehicle transport model, and studies the dynamic response of the vehicle packaging product under the condition of random excitation of road surface as input condition. The results show that the structural size of foamed polyethylene liner also has a great influence on the response of the damaged parts, and the optimum structure size of the foamed polyethylene material is concentrated in a certain area within the damage boundary. Under certain conditions, the protective ability of cushioning packaging products can be effectively enhanced by increasing the area of cushioning. This paper also studies drop impact buffer and transportation vibration isolation buffer, which basically covers the main process of product packaging logistics, and provides theoretical basis and experimental method for accurate design of buffer, vibration isolation and effect evaluation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB535.1

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