本文選題：靜壓干氣密封 + 有限差分法��； 參考：《蘭州理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：干氣密封是目前迅速發(fā)展的新穎密封類型,被廣泛應(yīng)用于高速回轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備隨著工程應(yīng)用的發(fā)展,干氣密封開始應(yīng)用于低速設(shè)備,如反應(yīng)釜軸端密封,然而,高速動(dòng)壓效應(yīng)理論已不能適用于低速充氣式靜壓潤(rùn)滑理論,迫切需要建立靜壓干氣密封潤(rùn)滑理論來(lái)指導(dǎo)工程應(yīng)用。在工程應(yīng)用中靜壓干氣密封常常會(huì)因氣膜厚度的過大或過小,出現(xiàn)泄漏量過大或動(dòng)靜環(huán)碰磨的現(xiàn)象,這就需要對(duì)氣膜厚度進(jìn)行計(jì)算并加以控制。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容和結(jié)論如下： (1)以雷諾方程為核心,進(jìn)一步推導(dǎo)了靜壓干氣密封氣膜潤(rùn)滑控制方程。 (2)采用有限差分法來(lái)求解節(jié)流孔式靜壓干氣密封氣膜雷諾方程；用VB編寫了求解靜壓干氣密封氣膜雷諾方程的計(jì)算程序。 (3)在編寫的VB程序中調(diào)用MATLAB程序繪制氣膜壓力分布圖。 (4)在流量平衡原理的基礎(chǔ)上提出了變步長(zhǎng)的逐步逼近的迭代算法。 結(jié)果表明,氣膜徑向壓力從節(jié)流孔向靜環(huán)內(nèi)徑和外徑方向呈近似拋物線狀逐漸下降,極大壓力出現(xiàn)在節(jié)流孔處,極大值為3.567MPa,極小值為0.212MPa；隨氣膜厚度的增大端面氣膜開啟力減小；在工況一定的情況下,氣膜剛度隨著氣膜厚度的增大逐漸減小。 為了保證計(jì)算的準(zhǔn)確性,將VB軟件計(jì)算的徑向壓力分布,開啟力、氣膜剛度、泄漏量的計(jì)算值與文獻(xiàn)值進(jìn)行了對(duì)比,進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行了對(duì)泄漏量的試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,結(jié)果表明靜壓干氣密封內(nèi),理論計(jì)算的泄漏量實(shí)測(cè)的泄漏量之間相對(duì)誤差在最大值7.46%,相對(duì)誤差最小值為1.30%。與實(shí)際情況有一定的偏差。泄漏量隨著節(jié)流孔直徑的增大而不斷上升。雖然為了降低泄露量可以選擇更小的節(jié)流孔直徑,但是太小的節(jié)流孔直徑使得加工難度系數(shù)大,所以選擇合理的節(jié)流孔直徑對(duì)靜壓干氣密封的泄露量有很重要的意義,從而驗(yàn)證了文章VB數(shù)值軟件計(jì)算的準(zhǔn)確性。 綜上所述,為靜壓干氣密封的設(shè)計(jì)和使用提供了理論基礎(chǔ),對(duì)靜壓干氣密封的安全性,可靠性具有非常重要的工程應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Dry gas seal is a new type of seal developed rapidly at present. It is widely used in high speed rotary equipment. With the development of engineering application, dry gas seal has been applied to low-speed equipment, such as shaft end seal of reactor, however, The theory of high speed dynamic pressure effect can not be applied to the theory of low speed pneumatic hydrostatic lubrication. It is urgent to establish the theory of hydrostatic dry gas seal lubrication to guide the engineering application. In engineering application, hydrostatic dry gas seal often appears the phenomenon of excessive leakage or static ring rubbing due to the excessive or too small film thickness, which needs to be calculated and controlled. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: 1) the governing equation of hydrostatic dry gas seal film lubrication is derived with Reynolds equation as the core. The finite difference method is used to solve the gas film Reynolds equation of the hydrostatic dry gas seal with orifice, and the program of solving the Reynolds equation of the gas film of the hydrostatic dry gas seal is compiled by VB. In VB program, MATLAB program is used to draw film pressure distribution map. 4) based on the principle of traffic balance, an iterative algorithm of stepwise approximation with variable step size is proposed. The results show that the radial pressure of the gas film decreases gradually from the orifice to the direction of the inner and outer diameter of the static ring, and the maximum pressure appears at the orifice with the maximum value of 3.567 MPa and the minimum value of 0.212 MPA, and the opening force decreases with the increase of the thickness of the film. The film stiffness decreases with the increase of film thickness. In order to ensure the accuracy of the calculation, the calculated values of radial pressure distribution, opening force, film stiffness and leakage volume calculated by VB software are compared with those of the literature. The results show that the relative error of the measured leakage is 7.46 and the minimum relative error is 1.30 in the hydrostatic dry gas seal. There is a certain deviation from the actual situation. The leakage increases with the increase of orifice diameter. Although smaller throttle diameter can be chosen to reduce leakage, but too small throttle diameter makes machining difficulty coefficient large, so choosing reasonable throttle diameter is of great significance to leakage amount of hydrostatic dry gas seal. Thus, the accuracy of the calculation of VB numerical software is verified. To sum up, it provides a theoretical basis for the design and application of hydrostatic dry gas seal, and has very important engineering application value for the safety and reliability of hydrostatic dry gas seal.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TB42

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