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基于廣義產(chǎn)品知識(shí)的決策支持系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究

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  本文選題:工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) + 決策支持系統(tǒng) ; 參考:《西北工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年博士論文


【摘要】:隨著市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境的日益激烈,面對(duì)要求越來(lái)越高的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、制造成本和售后服務(wù)等指標(biāo),迫使設(shè)計(jì)人員和制造企業(yè)要在更短的產(chǎn)品開發(fā)和生產(chǎn)周期內(nèi),以更低的成本制造出更為精良的產(chǎn)品。70%~80%的生產(chǎn)成本是在設(shè)計(jì)階段就已決定的,因此產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)決策正確性對(duì)制造成本具有巨大的影響。而新的網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)和信息技術(shù)的不斷涌現(xiàn),在全球范圍內(nèi)造就了一個(gè)利用知識(shí)來(lái)創(chuàng)造新價(jià)值的新經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代,企業(yè)之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)也逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐灾R(shí)為中心的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。 一方面,在產(chǎn)品開發(fā)及制造的過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生了大量以指數(shù)形式增長(zhǎng)的產(chǎn)品知識(shí),相關(guān)產(chǎn)品知識(shí)呈現(xiàn)知識(shí)異構(gòu)、分布式和動(dòng)態(tài)性等特點(diǎn),造成產(chǎn)品知識(shí)的獲取與表示的困難,這一問(wèn)題阻礙了知識(shí)的共享和重用,使得以知識(shí)為基礎(chǔ)的決策支持系統(tǒng)效率大打折扣。 另一方面,隨著決策規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大,設(shè)計(jì)決策活動(dòng)的頻率加快,面對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下存在的大量豐富決策資源,如何在豐富的網(wǎng)絡(luò)決策資源中選擇最有能力的決策模型,,為產(chǎn)品開發(fā)中的設(shè)計(jì)決策和推理服務(wù),已成為一項(xiàng)迫切而重要的研究課題。 提高產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)決策的質(zhì)量離不開知識(shí),而知識(shí)的有效利用又與基于知識(shí)的決策方法密切相關(guān)。本文研究的核心是以本體論和語(yǔ)義技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ),以知識(shí)工程的知識(shí)處理方法為主線,探索獲取產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)及制造階段知識(shí)的有效方法,提出基于本體的知識(shí)建模方法和原則,明確決策過(guò)程中知識(shí)的評(píng)價(jià)方法和作用原理等,闡明決策支持的過(guò)程、方法和技術(shù)路線,詳細(xì)論述了決策支持系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)作模式及決策任務(wù)求解方法,據(jù)此建立并完善基于廣義產(chǎn)品知識(shí)的決策支持系統(tǒng)的理論體系,并在此基礎(chǔ)上,利用軟件開發(fā)方法,設(shè)計(jì)出較為可行的,以提高決策者決策水平、效率和能力為目標(biāo)的基于本體的廣義產(chǎn)品知識(shí)的GPKDSS原型系統(tǒng)。 論文的主要內(nèi)容和創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)如下: 1、運(yùn)用系統(tǒng)集成的思想,提出了基于廣義產(chǎn)品知識(shí)的決策支持系統(tǒng)理論,設(shè)計(jì)了決策支持系統(tǒng)的體系結(jié)構(gòu),建立了初步的層次模型、邏輯模型框架以及決策支持系統(tǒng)詳細(xì)結(jié)構(gòu)。指出了對(duì)于廣義產(chǎn)品知識(shí)決策所面臨問(wèn)題的解決思路,并對(duì)其中的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究和實(shí)現(xiàn)。 2、在對(duì)決策支持系統(tǒng)需求分析的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了“知識(shí)是基礎(chǔ),決策是目的,評(píng)價(jià)是輔助,語(yǔ)義貫穿于整個(gè)基于知識(shí)的決策支持系統(tǒng)中”這一基本思路,構(gòu)成了決策支持系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)體系。 3、在分析產(chǎn)品的全生命周期的理論基礎(chǔ)上,提出了廣義產(chǎn)品知識(shí)的概念,研究了基于Internet的廣義產(chǎn)品文本知識(shí)獲取方法和基于知識(shí)地圖的廣義產(chǎn)品服務(wù)知識(shí)獲取方法,重點(diǎn)解決了系統(tǒng)內(nèi)產(chǎn)品知識(shí)的獲取和有效信息的獲取效率等問(wèn)題;提出了產(chǎn)品知識(shí)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系的確定原則,在此基礎(chǔ)上構(gòu)建了知識(shí)綜合評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,確定了指標(biāo)的量化計(jì)算方法,完善了應(yīng)用優(yōu)度綜合評(píng)價(jià)法對(duì)產(chǎn)品知識(shí)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)的理論框架,并以實(shí)例驗(yàn)證了該方法的可行性。 4、將本體工程與知識(shí)建模領(lǐng)域的研究相結(jié)合,建立了基于本體的知識(shí)建模原則,提出一種面向廣義產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)知識(shí)的本體構(gòu)建方法,為所有產(chǎn)品知識(shí)資源提供統(tǒng)一的描述標(biāo)準(zhǔn),并以某車型為例,構(gòu)建了知識(shí)本體模型框架,描述了主要的類和類屬關(guān)系以及專用罐式車知識(shí)本體OWL描述片段。 5、利用面向服務(wù)架構(gòu)和語(yǔ)義Web技術(shù),提出了決策任務(wù)提交及分解算法,構(gòu)建了決策任務(wù)相互調(diào)用協(xié)作的運(yùn)作流程;提出了基于語(yǔ)義的決策服務(wù)模糊聚類算法,并以實(shí)例驗(yàn)證了該方法的可行性。 6、論述了系統(tǒng)開發(fā)策略與功能模塊劃分以及系統(tǒng)開發(fā)工具的選擇原則,開發(fā)了基于廣義產(chǎn)品知識(shí)的決策支持系統(tǒng)的原型系統(tǒng)GPKDSS,并以某特種車輛生產(chǎn)企業(yè)為實(shí)例,對(duì)論文提出的理論和方法進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly fierce market competition environment , facing the demand of higher product quality , manufacturing cost and after - sales service , the designers and manufacturing enterprises are forced to produce more sophisticated products at lower cost during the shorter product development and production cycle . 70 % -80 % of the production cost is determined in the design phase . Therefore , the correctness of the design decision - making of the product has a great impact on the manufacturing cost .

On the one hand , in the process of product development and manufacturing , a lot of product knowledge has been generated in exponential form , the knowledge of related products presents the characteristics of heterogeneous , distributed and dynamic , which hinders the acquisition and representation of product knowledge . This problem impedes the sharing and reuse of knowledge so that the efficiency of the knowledge - based decision support system is greatly reduced .

On the other hand , with the enlargement of the scale of decision - making , the frequency of designing decision - making activities is speeding up , and it is an urgent and important research topic how to select the most powerful decision - making model in the rich network decision - making resources in the face of the abundant decision - making resources in the network environment .

This paper discusses the process , method and technical route of decision support based on ontology and semantic technology .

The main content and innovation points of the thesis are as follows :

1 . Based on the idea of system integration , a decision support system theory based on generalized product knowledge is put forward . The architecture of the decision support system is designed , and a preliminary hierarchy model , a logical model framework and a detailed structure of the decision support system are established .

2 . Based on the analysis of the demand of DSS , the paper puts forward " knowledge is the foundation , the decision is the aim , the evaluation is auxiliary , the meaning runs through the whole knowledge - based decision support system " , which constitutes the technical system of the decision support system .

3 . Based on the analysis of the whole life cycle theory of the product , the concept of generalized product knowledge is put forward , and the knowledge acquisition method of generalized product text based on Internet and the knowledge acquisition method of generalized product service based on knowledge map are studied , and the problems such as the acquisition of product knowledge in the system and the acquisition efficiency of effective information are solved .
This paper puts forward the principle of determining the index system of product knowledge evaluation , on the basis of which , a comprehensive evaluation index system of knowledge is constructed , the quantitative calculation method of the index is determined , the theoretical framework for evaluating the product knowledge is perfected , and the feasibility of the method is verified by examples .

4 , combining ontology engineering and knowledge modeling field , a ontology - based knowledge modeling principle is established , and a ontology construction method for generalized product design knowledge is proposed , which provides a unified description standard for all product knowledge resources , and a knowledge ontology model framework is constructed for all product knowledge resources .

5 . Based on service - oriented architecture and semantic Web technology , a decision - making task submission and decomposition algorithm is proposed , and the operational flow of call - making collaboration is constructed .
The fuzzy clustering algorithm based on semantics is put forward , and the feasibility of the method is verified by examples .

6 . The principles of system development strategy and function module division and system development tool selection are discussed . The prototype system GPKDSS of decision support system based on generalized product knowledge is developed , and the theory and method presented in this paper are verified by using a special vehicle production enterprise as an example .

【學(xué)位授予單位】:西北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號(hào)】:F273.2;TB472

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