本文選題：生產(chǎn)流水線 + 混合流水線　； 參考：《寧波大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著生產(chǎn)制造業(yè)的發(fā)展及其技術(shù)的革新，生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品的需求在大幅增加，而傳統(tǒng)的手工作業(yè)效率低下，產(chǎn)品的出產(chǎn)率較低，已經(jīng)無(wú)法滿足市場(chǎng)的需求，此時(shí)誕生的生產(chǎn)流水線極大的提高了生產(chǎn)效率。但伴隨著市場(chǎng)個(gè)性化的發(fā)展，品種的多樣化和小批量的生產(chǎn)成為一種趨勢(shì),傳統(tǒng)的單品種流水線呈現(xiàn)出一定的局限性，因而多品種混合流水線得到了發(fā)展，而且已經(jīng)被大多數(shù)企業(yè)認(rèn)可。 本文正是基于市場(chǎng)需求對(duì)生產(chǎn)制造的影響這一背景提出的，首先對(duì)單品種生產(chǎn)流水線進(jìn)行研究，然后對(duì)混合多品種流水線進(jìn)行分步研究，分別研究流水線平衡問(wèn)題和投產(chǎn)順序問(wèn)題；最后針對(duì)混合流水線中平衡問(wèn)題和投產(chǎn)順序問(wèn)題之間的相互影響，提出了協(xié)同研究的方法。 對(duì)于單品種生產(chǎn)流水線的研究，主要側(cè)重于工位的分配。在給定工位總數(shù)、工時(shí)、工序的情況下，計(jì)算出流水線的生產(chǎn)節(jié)拍，使每個(gè)工序上的耗時(shí)在生產(chǎn)節(jié)拍的浮余范圍內(nèi)，最終流水線能達(dá)到平衡生產(chǎn)的目的，同時(shí)引入目標(biāo)函數(shù)，使用的工位最少。整個(gè)過(guò)程采用基于偽布爾可滿足性的算法實(shí)現(xiàn)，并通過(guò)實(shí)例驗(yàn)證算法的合理性和有效性。 對(duì)于多品種混合流水線的研究，首先通過(guò)各個(gè)品種的優(yōu)先關(guān)系圖推算出整個(gè)混合流水線的聯(lián)合優(yōu)先關(guān)系圖，之后的研究正是基于這個(gè)模型。分為兩個(gè)流程：分步研究和協(xié)同研究。分步研究時(shí)，先使得混合流水線達(dá)到平衡生產(chǎn)的效果，合理的將每一個(gè)工序分配到工作站，使得各個(gè)工作站的時(shí)間相當(dāng)；然后在平衡的基礎(chǔ)上，研究投產(chǎn)順序，滿足各個(gè)工作站之間的開(kāi)始生產(chǎn)時(shí)間、結(jié)束生產(chǎn)時(shí)間的約束關(guān)系，，使各個(gè)工作站之間的時(shí)間間隙最小，從而使得整個(gè)混合流水線完成所有產(chǎn)品的總時(shí)間最少。在協(xié)同研究過(guò)程中，除了需要滿足基本相關(guān)約束關(guān)系之外，還需要考慮平衡問(wèn)題和投產(chǎn)順序問(wèn)題之間相互影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明協(xié)同優(yōu)化算法優(yōu)于分步研究，但是協(xié)同算法設(shè)計(jì)復(fù)雜，相對(duì)而言，分步研究也能對(duì)實(shí)際生產(chǎn)有很好的指導(dǎo)作用。
[Abstract]:With the development of manufacturing industry and the innovation of technology, the demand for production products is increasing greatly, while the traditional manual work is inefficient and the production rate of products is low, which can no longer meet the needs of the market.At this time the production of pipeline was born to greatly improve the efficiency of production.However, with the development of individualized market, the diversification of varieties and the production of small quantities have become a trend. Pipeline, the traditional single variety, has some limitations, and therefore the multi-variety mixed pipeline has been developed.And has been recognized by most enterprises.Based on the background of the influence of market demand on production and manufacturing, this paper first studies pipeline, a single variety of production, and then carries out a step by step study on the mixed and multi-variety pipeline.Pipeline equilibrium problem and production order problem are studied respectively. Finally, a collaborative research method is proposed to deal with the interaction between the balance problem and the production order problem in the mixed pipeline.For single-variety production pipeline, the main focus on the distribution of work.Given the total number of work stations, working hours, and working procedures, the production beat of pipeline is calculated, so that the time consuming in each process is within the floating range of the production beat, and eventually pipeline can achieve the goal of balancing production, and at the same time introducing the objective function.The use of the least number of work stations.The algorithm based on pseudo-Boolean satisfiability is used in the whole process, and the rationality and validity of the algorithm are verified by an example.For the study of mixed pipeline, the joint priority relationship diagram of the whole mixed pipeline is derived from the priority relationship diagram of each variety, and the later research is based on this model.It is divided into two processes: step-by-step research and collaborative research.In the step-by-step study, first of all, the mixed pipeline is allowed to achieve the effect of balancing production, and each process is reasonably allocated to the workstation, so that the time of each workstation is equal; then, on the basis of balance, the sequence of production is studied.It can satisfy the starting time of each workstation and end the constraint relation of production time so as to minimize the time gap between each workstation and make the whole mixed pipeline complete the total time of all products at least.In the process of collaborative research, it is necessary to consider the interaction between the balance problem and the sequence of production in addition to the basic correlation constraints.The experimental results show that the cooperative optimization algorithm is better than the stepwise research, but the design of the collaborative algorithm is complex, and the stepwise research can also be a good guide to the actual production.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧波大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB497

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