本文選題：柔體 + 聲波鉆　； 參考：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著勘察技術(shù)及航空航天技術(shù)的發(fā)展,柔體的沖擊、振動(dòng)問題的研究愈來愈受到人們的重視,但由于沖擊、振動(dòng)過程非常復(fù)雜,其中所涉及到的許多復(fù)雜問題仍然還沒有得到很好的解決。本文分別以潛孔錘活塞-鉆頭-巖石系統(tǒng)和聲波鉆鉆柱為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)潛孔錘鑿巖過程中鉆頭沖擊巖石的響應(yīng)及聲波鉆不同地層鉆進(jìn)的鉆柱振動(dòng)、沖擊響應(yīng)進(jìn)行了理論研究,具體研究內(nèi)容如下： 一、首次給出彈性支撐二柔桿沖擊分離后被撞桿的運(yùn)動(dòng)方程,以此來分析潛孔錘鉆頭鑿巖過程并與LS-DYNA中活塞-鉆頭-巖石系統(tǒng)三維實(shí)體模型仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行校驗(yàn)對(duì)比,最后通過數(shù)學(xué)模型分析討論活塞巖石剛度、沖擊速度及活塞、鉆頭長度變化對(duì)潛孔錘鉆頭沖擊巖石的影響,此模型可以推廣到其他沖擊類機(jī)械的研究。 二、基于聲波鉆飽和軟地層鉆進(jìn)時(shí)鉆柱周圍飽和土壤迅速液化,從而鉆柱所受摩擦阻力急劇減小的實(shí)際情況,確定聲波鉆鉆柱縱向振動(dòng)的邊界條件,建立聲波鉆飽和軟地層鉆進(jìn)時(shí)鉆柱縱向振動(dòng)數(shù)學(xué)模型,得到其在頂部正弦激勵(lì)下的穩(wěn)態(tài)受迫振動(dòng)響應(yīng)。針對(duì)聲波鉆鉆柱縱向振動(dòng)的位移響應(yīng)、動(dòng)應(yīng)力響應(yīng)及聲波鉆工作過程中聲頻振動(dòng)器的頻率控制等方面進(jìn)行了深入的研究。 三、聲波鉆穿巖鉆進(jìn)時(shí),其鉆頭對(duì)巖石的沖擊力大小對(duì)鑿巖鉆頭的設(shè)計(jì)尤為重要。在聲波鉆飽和軟土層鉆進(jìn)模型的基礎(chǔ)上改變邊界條件,以彈簧代替聲波鉆鉆進(jìn)過程中遇到的巖石,求解上述邊界條件下聲波鉆鉆柱以其共振狀態(tài)為初始條件的零輸入瞬態(tài)響應(yīng)過程,以此來研究聲波鉆在飽和軟土層中鉆進(jìn)時(shí)遇到巖石可能產(chǎn)生的最大沖擊力。 通過以上研究,為沖擊類機(jī)械諸如潛孔錘、打樁機(jī)、搗固機(jī)、破碎器等的設(shè)計(jì)、分析提供理論參考；闡明了聲波鉆鉆柱不同地層鉆進(jìn)的振動(dòng)與沖擊機(jī)理,為聲波鉆的使用及鉆柱和鉆頭的設(shè)計(jì)與鉆進(jìn)工藝的優(yōu)化提供理論支撐。
[Abstract]:With the development of reconnaissance technology and aerospace technology, people pay more and more attention to the shock of flexible body and vibration, but the vibration process is very complicated because of shock.Many of the complex problems involved remain unresolved.In this paper, the Piston-bit rock system of DTH hammer and acoustic drill string are taken as the research objects respectively. The response of drill bit to rock impact and vibration of drill string and shock response of sonic drilling in different strata during drilling process of DTH hammer are studied theoretically in this paper.The specific contents of the study are as follows:For the first time, the motion equation of the rammed rod after the impact separation of the elastic support two flexible rod is given to analyze the drilling process of the DTH hammer bit and to verify and compare the simulation results with the three-dimensional solid model of the piston bit rock system in LS-DYNA.Finally, the effects of the stiffness of piston rock, the impact velocity and the change of piston and bit length on the impact rock of DTH hammer bit are analyzed by mathematical model. This model can be extended to other impact machinery.Secondly, based on the fact that the saturated soil around the drill string is rapidly liquefied during acoustic drilling in the saturated soft formation, and thus the friction resistance of the drill string decreases sharply, the boundary conditions of longitudinal vibration of the acoustic drilling string are determined.A mathematical model of longitudinal vibration of drill string during drilling in saturated soft formation with acoustic drilling is established, and the steady state forced vibration response of the drill string under sinusoidal excitation at the top is obtained.In this paper, the displacement response, dynamic stress response and frequency control of acoustic vibrator in the working process of sonic drill are studied.Thirdly, when drilling with acoustic drilling, the impact force of drill bit to rock is very important to the design of drilling bit.On the basis of the drilling model of saturated soft soil with acoustic drilling, the boundary condition is changed, and the rock encountered in the drilling process is replaced by a spring.The zero input transient response process of acoustic drilling column with its resonance state as initial condition is solved under the above boundary conditions, so as to study the maximum impact force that may be generated by acoustic drilling in saturated soft soil.Through the above research, it provides a theoretical reference for the design and analysis of impact machinery such as down-hole hammer, pile driver, tamper, crusher, etc. The vibration and impact mechanism of acoustic drilling pillar drilling in different formations are expounded.It provides theoretical support for the use of acoustic drilling, the design of drill string and drill bit and the optimization of drilling technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P634;TB53

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