本文選題：嚴寒條件　切入點：爆破　出處：《巖土工程學(xué)報》2017年11期

【摘要】：復(fù)雜條件下的巖體爆破振動安全控制是開挖關(guān)注的焦點問題。嚴寒條件下地表一定深度被冰凍,巖體的物理力學(xué)性質(zhì)與波阻抗特性發(fā)生改變,導(dǎo)致爆破振動衰減特性發(fā)生明顯變化。首先針對不同巖性的巖體,開展了冰凍條件下的巖體物理力學(xué)性能的對比試驗,結(jié)果表明巖體被冰凍后彈性模量的增量百分比達30%;然后基于豐滿水電站重建工程爆破開挖的振動測試,比較了冬夏季巖體爆破振動衰減規(guī)律的變化特征,結(jié)果表明冬季爆破振動的衰減速度明顯低于夏季,二者存在一個明顯的比例距離分界點,在該處冬夏季的爆破振動速度大小發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變;進而基于數(shù)值模擬方法,研究了不同冰凍深度對爆破衰減參數(shù)的影響,提出了冬季與冰凍深度相關(guān)的爆破最大單段藥量的數(shù)學(xué)表達;最后從地震波的頻譜特性以及結(jié)構(gòu)的強度極限等角度探討了嚴寒條件對爆破振動安全控制標準的影響,結(jié)果表明,嚴寒條件下建筑物的爆破振動安全控制標準相比夏季可略有提高。研究成果可對廣大嚴寒地區(qū)爆破施工的安全控制提供參考。
[Abstract]:The safety control of rock blasting vibration under complex conditions is the focus of excavation.The physical and mechanical properties and wave impedance properties of rock mass are changed in a certain depth of freezing, which leads to the obvious change of the attenuation characteristics of blasting vibration.First of all, the physical and mechanical properties of rock mass under freezing condition are compared with those of rock mass with different lithology.The results show that the incremental percentage of elastic modulus of rock mass after freezing is 30%, and then based on the vibration test of blasting excavation of Fengman Hydropower Station, the variation characteristics of vibration attenuation law of rock mass blasting in winter and summer are compared.The results show that the attenuation rate of blasting vibration in winter is obviously lower than that in summer, and there exists an obvious proportional distance between them, where the velocity of blasting vibration changes in winter and summer, and then based on the numerical simulation method,The influence of different freezing depth on blasting attenuation parameters is studied, and the mathematical expression of the maximum single stage explosive quantity of blasting in winter is put forward, which is related to freezing depth.Finally, the influence of severe cold condition on the safety control standard of blasting vibration is discussed from the view of the spectrum characteristics of seismic wave and the strength limit of structure. The results show that,The safety control standard for blasting vibration of buildings under severe cold conditions can be slightly improved compared with that in summer.The research results can provide a reference for the safety control of blasting construction in cold areas.
【作者單位】： 長江水利委員會長江科學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金青年基金項目(51609017) 湖北省自然科學(xué)基金面上項目(2016CFB605) “十三五”國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFC0402008)
【分類號】：TU45;TU751.9

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