本文選題：圓柱殼體　切入點：導(dǎo)納　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：針對薄壁圓柱殼體內(nèi)安裝動力機(jī)械后的隔振設(shè)計及結(jié)構(gòu)聲控制問題,基于經(jīng)典薄殼理論,研究了兩端剪力薄膜支撐各向同性圓柱殼體結(jié)構(gòu)的模態(tài)特性。采用模態(tài)疊加法對復(fù)合激勵下兩端剪力薄膜支撐各向同性圓柱殼體結(jié)構(gòu)的點導(dǎo)納表達(dá)式進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)推導(dǎo)。結(jié)合功率流理論,運用子結(jié)構(gòu)導(dǎo)納法分析了圓柱殼體內(nèi)動力機(jī)械隔振系統(tǒng)的能量傳遞特性,著重分析了隔振器斜置安裝角對隔振效果的影響,探究了動力機(jī)械橫向-橫搖耦合振動的去耦條件。為改善被動隔振措施低頻域的控制效果,建立了前饋自適應(yīng)控制主被動支承一體的混合隔振系統(tǒng)模型。在頻域中引入了考慮作動器輸出約束的泄漏算法,對比分析了約束算法控制、純被動措施及作動器理想無約束輸出條件下的隔振效果。并對混合隔振系統(tǒng)中主被動支承斜置安裝后產(chǎn)生的不利影響及原因和改進(jìn)措施進(jìn)行了論述。最后,采用錘擊激勵法對兩端開口自由懸掛圓柱殼體結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了試驗?zāi)B(tài)測試分析,將試驗獲取的模態(tài)參數(shù)同有限元分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行了對比。具體內(nèi)容如下： 通過“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”方法,建立了一般殼體結(jié)構(gòu)的振動微分方程,基于不同的位移-應(yīng)變關(guān)系,導(dǎo)出了三種常用薄殼理論(Donnell-Mushtari理論、Goldenveizer-Novozhilov理論、Flugge-Byrne-Lur'ye理論)下的圓柱殼體自由振動微分方程。針對工程實際中常見的兩端剪力薄膜支撐邊界條件,采用解析法求得了模態(tài)特征表達(dá)式。結(jié)合數(shù)值算例,將理論計算結(jié)果同商業(yè)有限元軟件分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行了比較,確定了不同幾何參數(shù)條件下,各薄殼理論的計算精度及適用范圍。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：在多種長徑比及厚徑比條件下,采用Goldenveizer-Novozhilov薄殼理論計算的結(jié)果相對精度最高。 基于模態(tài)疊加原理,考慮圓柱殼體非徑向振動慣性項的貢獻(xiàn),同時計及正、余弦模態(tài)響應(yīng),推導(dǎo)了兩端剪力薄膜支承各向同性圓柱殼體結(jié)構(gòu)在簡諧集中力與集中力矩激勵下的力導(dǎo)納、力矩導(dǎo)納和耦合導(dǎo)納的完整解析表達(dá)式。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：圓柱殼體運動方程中的非徑向振動慣性項對各階模態(tài)及導(dǎo)納幅頻的預(yù)估精度影響顯著；力導(dǎo)納和力矩導(dǎo)納的實部恒正,耦合導(dǎo)納實部具有可負(fù)性規(guī)律,其負(fù)值實部的出現(xiàn)依賴于軸向節(jié)線參數(shù)的取值以及激勵與響應(yīng)點的選取位置,可為殼體結(jié)構(gòu)的減振降噪工作提供一種潛在手段,即通過合理布置外施載荷的相對大小、位置來降低殼體結(jié)構(gòu)在某個頻率范圍的振動功率級。 建立了由多向擾動(包含力、力矩激勵成分)振源、斜置分布參數(shù)彈性支承、圓柱殼體基礎(chǔ)組成的隔振系統(tǒng)解析形式波動模型。運用子結(jié)構(gòu)導(dǎo)納法對隔振系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)特性傳遞方程進(jìn)行了理論推導(dǎo),以功率流為價值函數(shù)對系統(tǒng)的耦合振動機(jī)理及隔振效果進(jìn)行了探究與分析。數(shù)值仿真表明：隔振器的分布參數(shù)特性及與基礎(chǔ)模態(tài)的耦合交互使得高頻域系統(tǒng)功率流下降趨勢變緩,影響高頻隔振設(shè)計可靠性；適度增大隔振器斜置傾角,可使系統(tǒng)的三向剛體模態(tài)波峰聚集在較窄的頻帶范圍內(nèi),進(jìn)而降低傳遞到基礎(chǔ)的功率流幅值,收到更好的隔振效果；可通過配置合適的斜置隔振傾角,獲取動力機(jī)械獨立的橫向及橫搖振動模態(tài)。 建立了由多向擾動振源、斜置主被動隔振支承及柔性圓柱殼體基礎(chǔ)組成的自適應(yīng)前饋控制混合隔振系統(tǒng)解析模型。在頻域中,引入計及作動器輸出約束的泄漏算法,依據(jù)導(dǎo)納矩陣?yán)碚撏茖?dǎo)了總體系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)特性傳遞方程。以傳遞到圓柱殼基礎(chǔ)的總功率最小、徑向力最小、徑向速度響應(yīng)最小、徑向功率流最小及徑向速度與徑向力加權(quán)和最小為控制策略,分析約束算法在作動器總體輸出約束及單個作動器輸出約束情況下對系統(tǒng)隔振效果的影響。數(shù)值仿真表明：泄漏約束算法能收到良好的主動控制力約束效果,并可有效抑制最小化徑向力、最小化徑向速度、最小化徑向功率流及最小化徑向速度與徑向力加權(quán)和策略下的“功率循環(huán)”現(xiàn)象發(fā)生。采用徑向速度最小化策略會改變殼體基礎(chǔ)的邊界條件配置,使得功率流譜中基礎(chǔ)模態(tài)峰值右移。當(dāng)主被動隔振支承傾斜安裝時,雖然可以收到更好的被動隔振效果,卻對主動隔振情況產(chǎn)生了不利影響。在各種控制策略下,斜置安裝隔振支承時傳遞到殼體基礎(chǔ)的總功率流均明顯高于隔振支承平置安裝情況,可通過單獨安裝沿殼體基礎(chǔ)面內(nèi)、面外兩個維度的作動器來克服這種問題。 搭建了柔性圓柱殼體結(jié)構(gòu)振動模態(tài)試驗測試平臺,采用錘擊激勵法對兩端自由彈性懸掛薄壁開口圓柱殼體的振動特性進(jìn)行了試驗研究,將所得模態(tài)參數(shù)同有限元法分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行了對比,兩者吻合程度良好。分析了產(chǎn)生誤差和影響測試精度的因素。
[Abstract]:Based on the classical thin shell theory , the modal characteristics of the structure of the isotropic cylindrical shell supported by shear thin films at both ends are studied in detail . Based on the classical thin shell theory , the energy transfer characteristics of the dynamic mechanical vibration isolation system in the cylindrical shell are studied by using the modal superposition method .

By means of " standard " method , the differential equation of vibration differential equation of general case structure is established . Based on different displacement - strain relations , the differential equation of free vibration of cylindrical shell under three common thin - shell theory ( Donnell - Birtari theory , Goldenveizer - Novozhilov theory , Flugge - Byrne - Lur ' ye theory ) is derived .

Based on the principle of modal superposition , considering the contribution of the non - radial vibration inertia term of the cylindrical shell , the full analytical expression of the force admittance , moment admittance and coupling admittance of the isotropic cylindrical shell structure under the excitation of harmonic concentration and concentrated torque is deduced .
The real part constant positive and coupled admittance real part of the force admittance and moment admittance has a negative law . The occurrence of the negative value real part depends on the value of the axial joint parameter and the selection position of the excitation and response points , which can provide a potential means for damping and noise reduction of the shell structure , namely , the vibration power level of the shell structure in a certain frequency range is reduced by reasonably arranging the relative size and position of the external application load .

The analytical form fluctuation model of vibration isolation system composed of multi - directional disturbance ( including force , moment excitation component ) , oblique distribution parameter elastic support and cylindrical shell foundation is established . The dynamic characteristic transfer equation of vibration isolation system is theoretically deduced by using substructure admittance method .
the inclined inclination angle of the vibration isolator can be moderately increased , the three - way rigid body mode peak of the system can be gathered in a narrow frequency band range , so that the power flow amplitude transmitted to the foundation is reduced , and better vibration isolation effect is received ;
The independent transverse and roll vibration modes of the power machine can be obtained by arranging the proper inclined vibration isolation angle .

Based on the admittance matrix theory , the dynamic characteristic transfer equation of the whole system is derived . The dynamic characteristic transfer equation of the whole system is derived from the theory of the admittance matrix . It is shown that the leakage restraint algorithm can receive good active control force and minimize radial force , minimize radial power flow and minimize radial force and radial force .

The vibration modal test platform of flexible cylindrical shell structure was built , and the vibration characteristics of the thin - walled open cylindrical shell with two ends were experimentally studied by hammering excitation method . The obtained modal parameters were compared with the results of finite element method .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB535

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