本文選題：張家口地區(qū)　切入點(diǎn)：地殼穩(wěn)定性評(píng)價(jià)與分區(qū)　出處：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)科學(xué)院》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：張家口是京津冀協(xié)同發(fā)展規(guī)劃建設(shè)的重要地區(qū),近年來(lái)重大工程基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)發(fā)展迅速。張家口地區(qū)位于張家口-渤�；顒�(dòng)構(gòu)造帶的西北段,活動(dòng)斷裂發(fā)育、地震頻發(fā)、現(xiàn)今地應(yīng)力高,開(kāi)展該區(qū)地殼穩(wěn)定性評(píng)價(jià)研究具有重要的理論意義和實(shí)用價(jià)值。本文依據(jù)地殼穩(wěn)定性評(píng)價(jià)理論和研究思路,以構(gòu)造穩(wěn)定性為主,突出構(gòu)造演化規(guī)律、活動(dòng)斷裂、現(xiàn)今構(gòu)造應(yīng)力場(chǎng)、地震危險(xiǎn)性在地殼穩(wěn)定性評(píng)價(jià)過(guò)程中的作用,配合巖土體結(jié)構(gòu)及特征和外動(dòng)力地質(zhì)災(zāi)害研究,進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)價(jià)和分區(qū),取得了以下主要結(jié)論和認(rèn)識(shí):1、張家口地區(qū)白堊紀(jì)以來(lái)至少經(jīng)歷了七個(gè)重要的構(gòu)造活動(dòng)階段:①白堊紀(jì)早期快速隆升;②白堊紀(jì)晚期-古新世寧?kù)o穩(wěn)定的剝蝕期;③古新世晚期-漸新世早期喜馬拉雅運(yùn)動(dòng)I幕;④漸新世早期-漸新世晚期寧?kù)o穩(wěn)定的剝蝕期;⑤漸新世晚期-中新世早期喜馬拉雅運(yùn)動(dòng)II幕;⑥中新世晚期寧?kù)o穩(wěn)定的剝蝕期;⑦上新世晚期喜馬拉雅運(yùn)動(dòng)Ⅲ幕。張家口地區(qū)晚第四紀(jì)以來(lái)繼承了新構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)的特征,雖然活動(dòng)強(qiáng)度較新構(gòu)造時(shí)期有所減弱,但地殼運(yùn)動(dòng)仍以垂直運(yùn)動(dòng)為主,處于相對(duì)活躍階段。2、張家口地區(qū)活動(dòng)斷裂以NW-NWW向和NE-NEE向活動(dòng)斷裂為主,并控制了一系列晚新生代沉積盆地。NE-NEE向活動(dòng)斷裂主要以正斷活動(dòng)為主,NW-NWW向活動(dòng)斷裂具有明顯的正斷兼左旋走滑特征。NE-NEE向斷裂由晚中生代強(qiáng)烈的擠壓逆沖轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樯闲率酪詠?lái)正斷活動(dòng),記錄了華北地區(qū)中-新生代區(qū)域性擠壓、伸展以及巖石圈垮塌構(gòu)造演化過(guò)程,揭示了張家口地區(qū)由晚中生代東亞大陸多向匯聚體系轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樾陆o(jì)以來(lái)印度和歐亞板塊碰撞引發(fā)的軟流圈的東擴(kuò)張效應(yīng)和太平洋俯沖帶的躍遷式東撤的聯(lián)合效應(yīng)這一過(guò)程。3、張家口地區(qū)水平主應(yīng)力值隨深度的增加近似呈線性增加的趨勢(shì),最大水平主應(yīng)力隨深度線性增加的梯度為0.0706MPa/m,最小水平主應(yīng)力隨深度線性增加的梯度為0.0384MPa/m,主應(yīng)力關(guān)系表現(xiàn)為SHShSv,水平主應(yīng)力起主導(dǎo)作用,且具有很高的地應(yīng)力值。最大水平主應(yīng)力方位為N25°～86°E,平均方位為N59°E,有利于區(qū)域內(nèi)NW-NWW向斷裂產(chǎn)生左旋走滑活動(dòng),同時(shí)利于NE-NEE向斷裂的正斷/右旋走滑活動(dòng)。4、張家口地區(qū)巖土體工程地質(zhì)類(lèi)型以變質(zhì)巖、巖漿巖為主,沉積巖主要分布于研究區(qū)南部。巖土體可劃分為四個(gè)工程區(qū),分別為堅(jiān)硬巖組工程區(qū)、較堅(jiān)硬巖組工程區(qū)、較軟弱巖組工程區(qū)、軟弱巖組工程區(qū),根據(jù)不同巖組的結(jié)構(gòu)特征、巖性組合以及力學(xué)性質(zhì)特征進(jìn)一步劃可分為堅(jiān)硬塊狀侵入巖組、堅(jiān)硬厚層-塊狀變質(zhì)巖、堅(jiān)硬塊狀火山巖巖組、堅(jiān)硬中厚碳酸鹽巖組、較堅(jiān)硬火山巖組、較堅(jiān)硬碳酸鹽巖組、較堅(jiān)硬碎屑巖組、較軟質(zhì)碎屑巖組、軟質(zhì)碎屑巖組九個(gè)亞區(qū)。5、張家口地區(qū)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害以泥石流為主,主要分布在基巖山區(qū)及山區(qū)與盆地交接部位,崩塌、滑坡主要分布在基巖山區(qū)、溝谷岸坡及人類(lèi)工程切坡強(qiáng)烈的地區(qū),并且滑坡災(zāi)害規(guī)模較小、數(shù)量少。崩塌、滑坡、泥石流的形成主要受地形地貌、巖性、地質(zhì)構(gòu)造以及降雨影響,其中降雨是主要誘發(fā)因素。6、張家口地區(qū)地殼穩(wěn)定性分析以構(gòu)造穩(wěn)定性為主,配合巖土體穩(wěn)定性和地面穩(wěn)定性分析,進(jìn)行張家口地區(qū)和崇禮冬奧會(huì)場(chǎng)區(qū)兩個(gè)層次的綜合評(píng)價(jià)和分區(qū)研究。張家口地區(qū)整體以穩(wěn)定和次穩(wěn)定區(qū)為主,少量次不穩(wěn)定或不穩(wěn)定區(qū),不穩(wěn)定區(qū)主要分布于延礬盆地北緣和懷涿盆地北緣,應(yīng)為京張高鐵重點(diǎn)設(shè)防地段;崇禮冬奧會(huì)場(chǎng)區(qū)地殼穩(wěn)定性為穩(wěn)定和次穩(wěn)定級(jí),具有很好的地質(zhì)安全保障,為2022年冬奧會(huì)規(guī)劃建設(shè)提供了地質(zhì)科技支撐。
[Abstract]:Zhangjiakou is an important area of Beijing Tianjin Hebei collaborative development plan, in recent years the rapid development of basic facilities construction of major projects. Zhangjiakou area is located in the northwest section of Zhangjiakou - Bohai tectonic zone, active faults, earthquake prone, high in-situ stress, and has important theoretical significance and practical value to carry out research on shell stability evaluation in this area in this paper. On the basis of crustal stability evaluation theory and research method, the structural stability, prominent tectonic evolution, fault, tectonic stress field, the seismic risk evaluation function in the process of crustal stability, with rock and soil structure and characteristics and dynamic geological disaster research, comprehensive evaluation and zoning, made the following main conclusions: 1, the Zhangjiakou area since the Cretaceous period experienced at least seven important tectonic stages: Early Cretaceous uplift; The late Cretaceous Paleocene quiet stable denudation; the late Paleocene to early Oligocene Himalaya movement I; the early Oligocene - Late Oligocene quiet stable denudation; the late Oligocene to early Miocene Himalaya movement II; late Miocene in the quiet stable period of erosion; the Pliocene the late Himalaya Movement III scene. The Zhangjiakou area since the late Quaternary inherited the characteristics of neotectonic movement, although the activity intensity is in new tectonic period has weakened, but still in the vertical movement of crustal movement, in a relatively active period.2, active faults in Zhangjiakou area with NW-NWW and NE-NEE trending active faults, and a series of control the late Cenozoic sedimentary basin.NE-NEE to active faults mainly in normal faulting, NW-NWW to active fault has obvious positive fault and strike slip characteristics of.NE-NEE to break by night Generation of intense extrusion rushed into reverse since Pliocene normal faulting, recorded in North China Cenozoic regional extensional collapse and extrusion, Lithosphere Tectonic Evolution, reveals the combined effect of Zhangjiakou area change from Late Mesozoic continental East Asia system for multi direction convergence of asthenosphere since Neogene India and Eurasia collision caused the expansion piece effect and the Pacific subduction zone transition type eastward the process of.3, the Zhangjiakou area increased horizontal principal stresses with depth increases linearly approximate gradient, maximum horizontal principal stress increases linearly with depth is 0.0706MPa/m, minimum horizontal principal stress gradient with depth increases linearly as 0.0384MPa/m and the main stress in relation to SHShSv, horizontal stress plays a dominant role, and has a very high stress. The maximum horizontal principal stress range is N25 to 86 DEG E, average range Is N59 ~ E, the region NW-NWW faults produce sinistral strike slip activities, at the same time to NE-NEE trending normal faults / dextral slip.4, geological types of geotechnical engineering in Zhangjiakou magmatite, metamorphic rocks, sedimentary rocks are mainly distributed in the south of the study area. The rock soil body can be divided into four a construction zone, respectively for the hard rock group project area, a hard rock group project area, relatively weak rock group construction zone, soft rock group project area, according to the structure characteristics of different rocks, lithology and mechanical properties further planning can be divided into hard lump intrusive rock group, thick and hard - rock block hard lump, volcano rock, hard thick carbonate group, hard rock volcano group, hard carbonate group, hard clastic formation, soft clastic formation, soft clastic rock group nine sub district.5, Zhangjiakou geological disasters in debris flows, Mainly distributed in the Rocky Mountains and the junction of mountain and basin, collapse, landslide is mainly distributed in the Rocky Mountains, valley slope and human engineering area strong cut slope, landslide and the number of smaller, less collapse, landslide, debris flow formation is mainly controlled by lithology, topography, geological structure and rainfall, the rainfall is the main predisposing factors for.6 analysis to the structural stability as the crustal stability of the Zhangjiakou area, with the analysis of the stability of rock mass and ground stability, Zhangjiakou area and Chongli Olympic venue two comprehensive evaluation and zoning of time. Zhangjiakou region as a whole in a stable and stable region, a small amount of time is not stable or unstable area. The unstable region is mainly distributed in the northern margin of the northern extension of Huailai Zhuolu basin and alum basin, should be the Beijing Zhangjiakou High-speed Rail key protection area; crustal stability in Chongli area. The Winter Olympics venue The stable and secondary stability level, with good geological security guarantee, provides geological science and technology support for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games planning and construction.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P542;P642
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本文編號(hào)：1699573