本文選題：復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)　切入點(diǎn)：模塊化產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)建　出處：《上海交通大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：作為衍生于大技術(shù)系統(tǒng)的新興概念,復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)(Complex Products and Systems)在工程裝備、航空航天等我國(guó)優(yōu)先發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略領(lǐng)域當(dāng)中,扮演著不可替代的重要角色。隨著科技進(jìn)步,復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)中與各子系統(tǒng)相關(guān)的技術(shù)演進(jìn)不斷加快,新興顧客需求連續(xù)涌現(xiàn),現(xiàn)有顧客需求持續(xù)變化,客觀上要求復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)的研發(fā)效率需要不斷提高,以應(yīng)對(duì)復(fù)雜多變的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境�，F(xiàn)有復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)的研究主要集中在概念特點(diǎn)闡釋、創(chuàng)新機(jī)理探索和研發(fā)運(yùn)作管理等與復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)全新研發(fā)相關(guān)的因素上,缺少在已有若干變型產(chǎn)品基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)知識(shí)重用和修改進(jìn)行改型設(shè)計(jì)以提高研發(fā)效率的研究。模塊化設(shè)計(jì)被廣泛應(yīng)用于大規(guī)模定制領(lǐng)域,是通過(guò)產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)、設(shè)計(jì)變量的規(guī)范化以提高產(chǎn)品研發(fā)效率的有效方法。與傳統(tǒng)大規(guī)模定制產(chǎn)品相比,復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)具有高度復(fù)雜(包括功能復(fù)雜、子系統(tǒng)/零部件數(shù)量龐大等)和顯著異質(zhì)性(包括功能、原理、結(jié)構(gòu)等異質(zhì)性)等特點(diǎn),而傳統(tǒng)模塊化設(shè)計(jì)理論中的技術(shù)方法難以有效應(yīng)對(duì)這些特點(diǎn)。以提高已有復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)功能和結(jié)構(gòu)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化程度為動(dòng)因,圍繞復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)模塊化產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)建和模塊參數(shù)取值規(guī)劃總結(jié)出兩個(gè)科學(xué)問(wèn)題,重點(diǎn)研究復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)模塊劃分、模塊劃分方案評(píng)價(jià)和模塊參數(shù)取值規(guī)劃三個(gè)關(guān)鍵技術(shù),用以構(gòu)建復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)參數(shù)化模塊結(jié)構(gòu),推動(dòng)復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)從集成式結(jié)構(gòu)向模塊化結(jié)構(gòu)的演進(jìn),提高復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)改型設(shè)計(jì)中設(shè)計(jì)知識(shí)的重用率和改型效率。主要包括以下研究?jī)?nèi)容:(1)闡釋了復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)的概念、梳理了復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn),總結(jié)了復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)和模塊化設(shè)計(jì)理論的研究現(xiàn)狀,分析了復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)理論研究特別是將模塊化設(shè)計(jì)理論和方法應(yīng)用到復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)時(shí)存在的問(wèn)題,歸納了復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)模塊化的相關(guān)技術(shù),包括模塊劃分、模塊劃分方案評(píng)價(jià)及模塊參數(shù)取值規(guī)劃,回顧了相關(guān)研究進(jìn)展和存在的不足。(2)提出了基于權(quán)重復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)社區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)技術(shù)的復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)模塊劃分方法。首先,提出了基于關(guān)聯(lián)矩陣的復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)功能/結(jié)構(gòu)異質(zhì)性消減方法;其次,為構(gòu)建復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)零部件權(quán)重復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型,將零部件映射為網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn),零部件之間的關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系和關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系強(qiáng)度映射為權(quán)重復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)的邊和邊權(quán),研究了功能和結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系強(qiáng)度的定量化方法;最后,采用改進(jìn)的GN算法實(shí)現(xiàn)復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)零部件權(quán)重復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)的社區(qū)結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)現(xiàn),通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模塊度的不同取值獲取若干模塊劃分方案,形成方案集,為后續(xù)模塊劃分方案評(píng)價(jià)提供數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)。(3)提出了基于區(qū)間直覺(jué)模糊理論的復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)模塊劃分方案評(píng)價(jià)方法�；诋a(chǎn)品生命周期理論建立了復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)模塊劃分方案評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,基于指標(biāo)間關(guān)聯(lián)系數(shù)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差確定評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的權(quán)重,采用區(qū)間直覺(jué)模糊數(shù)表達(dá)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果,采用Karnik-Mendel算法實(shí)現(xiàn)其數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算。引入?yún)^(qū)間直覺(jué)模糊交叉熵衡量區(qū)間直覺(jué)模糊集形式的備選方案和正/負(fù)理想解的相對(duì)貼近度,基于TOPSIS框架獲取模塊劃分方案的排序,從而獲得最終的模塊劃分方案,用以支持后續(xù)模塊參數(shù)取值規(guī)劃。(4)提出了基于顧客需求分布的復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)模塊參數(shù)取值規(guī)劃技術(shù)。在構(gòu)建了復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)模塊響應(yīng)顧客需求的網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型后,問(wèn)題被剝離成三個(gè)階段:首先,利用QFD對(duì)顧客需求進(jìn)行調(diào)研和分析,確定與模塊參數(shù)的取值范圍;其次,采用模糊聚類(lèi)方法實(shí)現(xiàn)顧客需求的聚類(lèi),通過(guò)聚類(lèi)有效性指標(biāo)確定最優(yōu)的顧客需求聚類(lèi)方案,顧客需求的聚類(lèi)數(shù)即模塊參數(shù)的取值個(gè)數(shù);最后,通過(guò)提取顧客需求聚類(lèi)中心的分布特征,綜合所有相關(guān)顧客需求的分布特征可獲取模塊參數(shù)取值的分布特征,結(jié)合取值個(gè)數(shù)、取值范圍和模塊參數(shù)取值構(gòu)建可供改型設(shè)計(jì)直接應(yīng)用的復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)模塊型譜。(5)將研究成果應(yīng)用于典型產(chǎn)品,提供了應(yīng)用示范。以大噸位履帶起重機(jī)產(chǎn)品為應(yīng)用對(duì)象,將研究成果應(yīng)用于其模塊化設(shè)計(jì)中。包括大噸位履帶起重機(jī)模塊產(chǎn)品架構(gòu)的構(gòu)建和模塊參數(shù)的取值規(guī)劃,其中前者又包括模塊劃分和模塊劃分方案評(píng)價(jià)。驗(yàn)證了所提的復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)模塊化技術(shù)的可行性和有效性。本文為實(shí)現(xiàn)復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)模塊化建立了完善的方法體系,為復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)的模塊化產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)建和模塊參數(shù)取值規(guī)劃提供了技術(shù)方法支持,為該課題的進(jìn)一步研究打下了基礎(chǔ),并結(jié)合企業(yè)實(shí)際將文中所提的技術(shù)方法應(yīng)用到大噸位履帶起重機(jī)產(chǎn)品的模塊化設(shè)計(jì)案例當(dāng)中,結(jié)合項(xiàng)目實(shí)施,取得了企業(yè)的認(rèn)可。
[Abstract]:As a new concept derived from technological systems, complex product system (Complex Products and Systems) in engineering equipment, aerospace and other strategic areas of priority to the development of Chinas, plays an irreplaceable important role. With the progress of science and technology evolution and the subsystem of accelerating the complex product system, emerging customer needs continuous emergence of continuously changing existing customer demand, the objective requirements of complex product systems need to continuously improve the development efficiency, to deal with the complex and changeable market environment. The existing complex product system research mainly focus on the conception and characteristics of interpretation, research and explore the innovation mechanism of operation management and complex product system related factors on new development in several variants of the product, the lack of basis, through the study of design knowledge reuse and modify the retrofit design to improve the efficiency of research and development of the module. The design is widely used in the field of mass customization, the product structure, the effective methods of standardized design variables in order to improve the efficiency of product development. Compared with the traditional mass customization, complex product system is highly complex (including complex function, subsystem components / large number etc.) and significant heterogeneity (including function. The principle, structure and heterogeneity) characteristics, and the traditional modularization method in design theory is difficult to effectively deal with these features. In order to improve the existing system of complex product structure and function of the degree of standardization is the cause of construction of complex product system of modular product structure and value planning module parameters summed up two scientific problems around, study complex product system modules, module division and module planning scheme evaluation parameters of three key technologies, to build complex product and system parameter The module structure, promote the structure of complex product system structure evolution from the integrated structure to improve the knowledge module, the modified design of complex product system design in the reuse and modification efficiency. The main research contents include the following: (1) the concept of complex product system explains the characteristics of the comb complex product system, summarizes the research the status quo of complex product system and modular design theory, the research design theory of complex product system especially the problem will exist modular design theory and method is applied to the complex product system, summarizes the related technology products modular system is complex, including module partition, module partition scheme and parameter evaluation module value planning, review the research progress and problems. (2) proposed modules of complex product system technology that based on weighted complex network community. First of all,. The function / complex product system correlation matrix eliminating method based on structural heterogeneity; secondly, to construct the complex product system component weighted complex network model, the component mapping nodes, the relationship between components and relationships between intensity maps for the weighted complex network edges and the right side, on the quantitative method of strength the relationship between function and structure; finally, using the improved GN algorithm to realize community structure of complex product system components weighted complex network discovery, with different values of several access network module module partition scheme, the formation of the program set, for the subsequent evaluation of module partition scheme to provide data base. (3) proposed the evaluation scheme of complex products the system module based on the method of interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy theory. Based on theory of product life cycle assessment scheme of complex product system module is established to Standard system, standard deviation index correlation coefficient to determine the weights of evaluation indexes based on the interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy number expression evaluation results, Karnik-Mendel algorithm is used to realize the arithmetic. Introducing the interval valued intuitionistic interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets to measure alternative forms and positive / negative ideal solution of relative closeness degree of fuzzy cross entropy, TOPSIS frame acquisition module partition scheme based sorting, so as to obtain the final scheme, used to support the follow-up module parameter planning. (4) proposed the module of complex product system based on customer demand distribution parameter value planning technology. After the construction of complex product system module response network model of customer demand, the problem was stripped three stage: firstly, research and analysis of customer requirements using QFD, determine the range and module parameters; secondly, using fuzzy clustering method to realize the Gu Clustering of customer demand, customer needs determine the optimum clustering scheme through clustering validity index, clustering number of customer demand value of one module parameters; finally, through the distribution of feature extraction of customer demand cluster centers, distribution of integrated distribution of all relevant customer needs can obtain module parameters, combined with the value of a number complex product system modular construction, for the retrofit design of direct application range and module parameters of spectrum. (5) based on the research results of typical products, provide a demonstration. The large tonnage crawler crane products as research object, based on the research results of the modular design. The value of planning including the construction of large tonnage crawler crane module product architecture and module parameters, which includes module division and module evaluation. The proposed complex product system The feasibility and effectiveness of the modular technology. This paper established a method system for complex product modularization, provide technical support for the construction method of modular product structure of complex product system and module parameters for the project planning, further research to lay the foundation, combined with the actual application technology of the method proposed in this paper to a modular design case of large tonnage crawler crane products, combined with the implementation of the project, has been recognized by companies.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB472

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