本文選題：航天服　切入點：熱泵　出處：《北京建筑大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：水下訓(xùn)練服是為宇航員在地面中性水槽中訓(xùn)練使的裝備，在浮力的作用下，模擬在太空環(huán)境失重狀態(tài)的操作。當訓(xùn)練完成后水下訓(xùn)練服須干燥以便于維護與儲存。水下訓(xùn)練服和真正的艙外航天服像似，具有完備的生命支持系統(tǒng)，電子通訊系統(tǒng)。從水中吊出后需選擇合適的干燥方法，合理的干燥溫度和風(fēng)速。 任何干燥過程本質(zhì)上都是水分蒸發(fā)從其表面分離的過程，可抽象為多孔介質(zhì)的傳熱傳質(zhì)過程。影響干燥過程的主要因素為訓(xùn)練服表面水分的蒸發(fā)快慢以及訓(xùn)練服內(nèi)部水分向表面遷移的速度。針對中國航天員中心的需求，論文對水下訓(xùn)練服的干燥過程及其干燥設(shè)備進行研究，設(shè)計合理的干燥方案，，得到了干燥方案中最適宜的參數(shù)。 論文針對需求分析了兩種干燥方案，一種是封閉式熱泵干燥器和開放式壓縮熱空氣干燥器，并對這兩種進行了可行性和能耗分析，經(jīng)論證后基于安全性第一的原則，選擇開放式方案，研制了干燥設(shè)備，取得成功地應(yīng)用。 論文采用仿真軟件ANSYS CFX對兩種方案進行了數(shù)值模擬，得到了各不同時刻，不同參數(shù)情況下的速度場、溫度場云圖以及含濕量的曲線。設(shè)計了針對開放式壓縮熱空氣干燥器的干燥試驗系統(tǒng)樣機，得出了在不同底盤轉(zhuǎn)速、豎向氣缸升降速度下干燥噴口速度及干燥氣體溫度的詳細數(shù)據(jù)。依據(jù)模擬結(jié)果數(shù)值及實驗數(shù)據(jù)繪制了兩者的干燥過程曲線，用實驗的方法驗證了模擬結(jié)果的正確性。 論文研究表明，密閉式熱泵干燥裝置比開放式壓縮熱空氣干燥裝置節(jié)能，后者的能耗為前者的5~7倍。開放式壓縮熱空氣干燥裝置加熱功率為9kW，航天服的干燥時間為1小時左右，最佳干燥出口溫度為60℃，速度為5m/s，干燥距離為15cm，豎向氣缸升降速度為0.15m/s，轉(zhuǎn)臺轉(zhuǎn)速0.14rad/s。
[Abstract]:Underwater training suits are equipment for astronauts to train in neutral water tanks on the ground, under buoyancy. The operation of simulating weightlessness in space environment. When the training is completed, the underwater training suit shall be dry for easy maintenance and storage. The underwater training suit and the true extravehicular spacesuit resemble each other and have a complete life support system, Electronic communication system. Suitable drying method, reasonable drying temperature and wind speed should be selected after lifting from water. Any drying process is essentially a process of water evaporation separating from its surface, The process of heat and mass transfer in porous media can be abstracted. The main factors affecting the drying process are the speed of evaporation of water on the surface of the training suit and the speed of the internal moisture migration to the surface of the training suit. In this paper, the drying process of underwater training clothes and its drying equipment are studied. A reasonable drying scheme is designed and the most suitable parameters in the drying scheme are obtained. In this paper, two drying schemes are analyzed, one is closed heat pump dryer and the other is open compressed hot air dryer, and the feasibility and energy consumption of these two desiccators are analyzed, which are based on the principle of safety first. The open scheme was chosen and the drying equipment was developed and successfully applied. In this paper, the simulation software ANSYS CFX is used to simulate the two schemes, and the velocity fields at different time and different parameters are obtained. The temperature field cloud diagram and the curve of moisture content. The prototype of drying test system for open compressed hot air dryer was designed, and the rotational speed of different chassis was obtained. The drying process curves of the dry nozzle velocity and the drying gas temperature are drawn according to the numerical value of the simulation results and the experimental data. The correctness of the simulation results is verified by the experimental method. The research shows that the closed heat pump dryer is more energy efficient than the open compressed hot air dryer. The energy consumption of the latter is 5 ~ 7 times that of the former. The heating power of the open compressed hot air drying device is 9 kW, the drying time of the spacesuit is about 1 hour, and the optimum drying outlet temperature is 60 鈩

本文編號：1608955