本文選題：功能性包裝　切入點(diǎn)：低碳設(shè)計(jì)　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：國(guó)內(nèi)包裝工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值已近萬億,躍升至國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)42個(gè)主要行業(yè)中的第14位,中國(guó)正努力由包裝大國(guó)向包裝強(qiáng)國(guó)過渡,與此同時(shí),包裝工業(yè)碳排放總量占全國(guó)總排放量的2.74%,已超過同期包裝工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值占全國(guó)GDP的比重(2.43%),過度及不合理包裝產(chǎn)生的環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)問題日益嚴(yán)峻,并成為阻礙包裝工業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的頑癥。為了在產(chǎn)品功能性包裝的生命周期前端綜合考慮其包裝的低碳和成本問題,在包裝方案具體實(shí)施之前得到可修整并優(yōu)化的多種選擇,本文圍繞包裝、低碳、成本以及概念設(shè)計(jì)等關(guān)鍵詞主要開展了以下工作： 1通過對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外碳問題、包裝行業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀及存在問題的調(diào)研確定了低碳包裝的內(nèi)涵以及實(shí)施的必要性,從包裝需建立在“被包裝物”的基礎(chǔ)上這一區(qū)別于一般產(chǎn)品的主要特征入手,分析了概念設(shè)計(jì)在產(chǎn)品功能性低碳包裝中的重要地位和可行性以及包裝、低碳和概念設(shè)計(jì)三者的結(jié)合思路。 2分析了一般產(chǎn)品與產(chǎn)品包裝之間存在的差異性,在此基礎(chǔ)上給出了低碳包裝概念設(shè)計(jì)的一般流程、步驟以及在低碳包裝概念設(shè)計(jì)中需要注意的關(guān)鍵技術(shù),如邊界確定、碳足跡計(jì)算模型和評(píng)價(jià)機(jī)制等,并將模塊化和QFD技術(shù)加以變換形成的性能模塊化和FsD模型用于低碳包裝的概念設(shè)計(jì)之中。 3建立了包裝概念設(shè)計(jì)的主成分分析模型,用集成和繼承原有信息變量的方法得出少量主成分,并以主成分為設(shè)計(jì)原則實(shí)現(xiàn)概念設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)包裝物性需求和客戶需求的映射、設(shè)計(jì)元素的篩選以及設(shè)計(jì)維度的降低,從一定程度上降低了概念設(shè)計(jì)的難度。 4給出了包裝碳足跡計(jì)算的邊界和準(zhǔn)則,詳細(xì)討論了功能性包裝低碳邊界內(nèi)的參數(shù)和相關(guān)注意事項(xiàng),在此基礎(chǔ)上給出了概念設(shè)計(jì)階段考慮包裝全生命周期范圍的碳足跡計(jì)算模型。并對(duì)碳足跡計(jì)算的不確定性進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的討論,建立了節(jié)點(diǎn)的低碳敏感性分析方法。 5在統(tǒng)一的邊界和準(zhǔn)則范圍內(nèi),同樣討論了該范圍內(nèi)的成本計(jì)算問題,并將碳足跡和成本的綜合指標(biāo)-碳效益作為產(chǎn)品功能性低碳包裝概念設(shè)計(jì)方案的評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),同時(shí)還給出了節(jié)點(diǎn)碳流、成本流以及碳效益流模式以此方便查證包裝各生命周期節(jié)點(diǎn)產(chǎn)生的碳或成本的高低問題,快速查找高碳效益節(jié)點(diǎn)以改變方案映射得出最優(yōu)結(jié)果。并通過節(jié)點(diǎn)優(yōu)化的正負(fù)關(guān)系以及優(yōu)化分類分級(jí)來實(shí)現(xiàn)低碳和成本的沖突消解。 6以機(jī)電類產(chǎn)品一小型汽油機(jī)為實(shí)例,通過對(duì)汽油機(jī)包裝的需求分析和基于主成分方法的概念設(shè)計(jì)方案映射,對(duì)產(chǎn)生的木材、瓦楞紙板和膠合板三種不同方案進(jìn)行了碳足跡、成本和碳效益的計(jì)算,最終雙層UV型瓦楞紙板包裝以167.17的綜合分值成為最優(yōu)方案,符合目前高強(qiáng)度瓦楞紙板代木包裝在機(jī)電產(chǎn)品包裝中的應(yīng)用趨勢(shì)。同時(shí)對(duì)遴選出的瓦楞紙板方案的碳足跡數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了不確定性分析,確定了充填、裝箱和裝卸搬運(yùn)環(huán)節(jié)作為整個(gè)汽油機(jī)包裝生命周期的數(shù)據(jù)改進(jìn)關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)。 7總結(jié)全文并提出論文未來的研究方向。
[Abstract]:Domestic packaging industrial output jumped to nearly trillion, the 42 major industries of the national economy in fourteenth, China is trying to transition from a large packing to the packaging power at the same time, the carbon emission of packaging industry accounted for the country's total emissions of 2.74% over the same period, the total output value of the packaging industry accounted for the proportion of GDP (2.43%). Excessive and unreasonable packaging of environmental and economic problems have become increasingly severe, and becoming a great problem hindering the sustainable development of packaging industry. In order to life cycle in front of product packaging function considering the packaging of low carbon and cost issues, can be repaired and gets a variety of optimal choice before the implementation of packaging solutions, this paper focuses on the packaging low cost, carbon, and conceptual design etc. keywords mainly carried out the following work:
1 through the domestic and international carbon, packaging industry status and problems of the investigation to determine the necessity of the connotation of low-carbon packaging and implementation, from the packing should be based on "packaging" of the main features of this product is different from the general with the analysis of conceptual design in the product functional low carbon packing in the important position and the feasibility as well as packaging, combined with low carbon idea and concept design of the three.
2 Analysis of the differences between general products and product packaging, based on the general process of the concept of low-carbon packaging design, the key technical steps and the need to pay attention to in the low-carbon concept in packaging design, such as boundary determination, calculation model and evaluation mechanism of carbon footprint, and the modular and QFD Technology to the performance of modular FsD model for the formation and transformation of conceptual design of low carbon packaging.
3 established principal component analysis model of the packaging design concept, that a small amount of principal component method for information integration and inherit the original variables, and as a main component of the packaging design concept mapping requirements and customer needs to realize the principle of design, reduce the design elements of the screening and design dimensions, from a certain extent reduced concept the difficulty of the design.
4 calculate the carbon footprint of the boundary and packaging standards, packaging function parameters of low carbon within the boundaries and related matters are discussed in detail, based on this conceptual design stage considering the packaging life cycle range of carbon footprint calculation model. And the calculation of the carbon footprint of uncertainty is discussed in detail, the establishment of the analysis method of low carbon sensitive nodes.
5 in a unified boundary and standard range, also discusses the calculation of the scope of the cost, and the comprehensive benefit index of carbon - carbon footprint and cost as the evaluation of functional products of low carbon packaging concept design standards, and gives the node carbon flow, the low cost and the benefits of carbon flow to flow in order to facilitate the verification mode of the life cycle of packaging node carbon or cost, quickly find high carbon benefits to change the optimal scheme of node mapping results. And through the correlation between node optimization and optimization of classification to achieve the conflict of low carbon and cost.
6 in mechanical and electrical products a small gasoline engine as an example, through the packaging of the gasoline engine demand analysis and mapping scheme conceptual design based on principal component method, to produce wood, corrugated board and plywood three different schemes for the carbon footprint, calculate the cost and benefit of carbon, the final double UV type corrugated cardboard packaging comprehensive score of 167.17 as the optimal solution, in line with the trend of application of high strength corrugated cardboard packaging wood in mechanical and electrical products packaging. The uncertainty of carbon footprint data on the corrugated board scheme also selected the analysis to determine the filling, packing and handling as part of the whole life cycle of the gasoline engine package data improved key node.
7 summing up the full text and putting forward the future research direction of the paper.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TB482

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