本文選題：磁性液體　切入點(diǎn)：黏性耗能　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：太空在軌運(yùn)行的航天器上的長(zhǎng)直部件會(huì)由于種種因素的影響而存在低頻率小振幅的振動(dòng),這些振動(dòng)將會(huì)對(duì)航天器的正常運(yùn)行造成嚴(yán)重的不良影響。針對(duì)這些微振動(dòng)的有效消除,提出了一種基于磁性液體二階浮力原理的新型阻尼減振器,分析了磁性液體阻尼減振的基礎(chǔ)理論,對(duì)磁性液體減振器的阻尼減振效果進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。本論文的主要工作如下:1.介紹了目前航天器常用的振動(dòng)控制方式,分析了失重環(huán)境下典型的被動(dòng)阻尼減振器的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),指出了目前航天器減振技術(shù)普遍存在的局限性;2.介紹了磁性液體的組成、基本特性、發(fā)展歷史以及基于磁性液體的振動(dòng)衰減技術(shù)的研究現(xiàn)狀,分析了磁性液體阻尼減振的基本原理以及獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢(shì);3.分析了磁性液體的磁化機(jī)理與浮力原理,結(jié)合流體力學(xué)基本定律得出了磁性液體的伯努利方程與二階浮力表達(dá)式;4.設(shè)計(jì)出了磁性液體阻尼減振器的新結(jié)構(gòu),采用理論研究與實(shí)驗(yàn)探究相結(jié)合的方式,對(duì)阻尼減振器的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,設(shè)計(jì)了耗能質(zhì)量塊的結(jié)構(gòu),選擇了減振器殼體的材料、永磁體的材料和磁性液體的種類;5.分析了所設(shè)計(jì)的新型磁性液體阻尼減振器的黏性耗能機(jī)理,推導(dǎo)出一個(gè)振動(dòng)周期內(nèi)的黏性耗能公式;6.加工出了七組磁性液體阻尼減振器,搭建阻尼減振實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái)進(jìn)行減振實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,研究了磁性液體的用量、減振器外殼錐角角度對(duì)阻尼減振效果的影響,磁性液體用量為15g,錐角大小為18°時(shí)達(dá)到最佳減振效果,振動(dòng)衰減時(shí)間達(dá)到90%以上;7.探究了阻尼減振器對(duì)不同振幅振動(dòng)的阻尼減振效果,振動(dòng)的振幅在3mm至5mm時(shí),阻尼減振效果非常好,振動(dòng)衰減時(shí)間縮短90%以上,振幅為1mm和2mm時(shí)減振效果有所下降。
[Abstract]:The long and straight components on the spacecraft in orbit will have low frequency and small amplitude vibration due to various factors, which will have a serious adverse effect on the normal operation of the spacecraft. A new damping shock absorber based on the second order buoyancy principle of magnetic fluid is proposed. The basic theory of damping vibration reduction of magnetic fluid is analyzed. The damping effect of magnetic liquid damper is studied experimentally. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. The commonly used vibration control methods of spacecraft are introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of the typical passive damping damper in weightless environment are analyzed. This paper points out the limitation of the vibration absorption technology of spacecraft at present. 2. The composition, basic characteristics, development history and research status of vibration attenuation technology based on magnetic fluid are introduced. The basic principle of damping and damping of magnetic fluid and its unique advantages are analyzed. 3. The magnetization mechanism and buoyancy principle of magnetic fluid are analyzed. The Bernoulli equation of magnetic fluid and the second order buoyancy expression are obtained in combination with the basic laws of fluid mechanics. A new structure of magnetic fluid damping damper is designed, which is combined with theoretical and experimental research. The structure of damping damper is optimized, the structure of energy dissipation mass block is designed, and the material of shock absorber shell is selected. The material of permanent magnet and the kind of magnetic liquid. 5. The mechanism of viscous energy dissipation of the new type of magnetic fluid damping absorber is analyzed, and a formula of viscous energy dissipation in the vibration cycle is deduced. Seven groups of magnetic fluid damping absorbers are manufactured. The effect of the amount of magnetic liquid and the angle of cone angle of the shock absorber shell on the damping effect is studied. The optimal damping effect is achieved when the amount of magnetic fluid is 15g and the angle of cone angle is 18 擄. The damping effect of damping damper on different amplitude vibration is investigated. When the vibration amplitude is from 3 mm to 5 mm, the damping damping effect is very good, and the vibration attenuation time is shortened by more than 90%. When the amplitude is 1 mm and 2 mm, the damping effect is decreased.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：V441;TB535.1

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本文編號(hào)：1599259