本文關鍵詞： 氧化瀝青接枝改性 PP EVA 共混改性 力學性能包裝材料　出處：《長春工業(yè)大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：瀝青作為基礎建設材料(原料和燃料)被非常廣泛地應用在交通運輸、建筑業(yè)、農業(yè)、水利工程、工業(yè)等與國家發(fā)展非常相關的部門。在可以用來包裝運輸瀝青及類似物質的包裝方法的發(fā)展過程中,紙袋包裝法和鐵桶包裝法起了重要的作用并被較廣泛地應用,但不可否認隨著人們環(huán)保意識的提高,這些包裝方法暴露出了很多不足之處。較為普遍的問題如,當用紙袋包裝的瀝青及相似材料在需要使用時,用于包裝的紙袋容易與被包裝瀝青發(fā)生緊密地粘連,這會造成原料的損失并且粘上瀝青的包裝紙袋非常難以清理干凈,最后只能統(tǒng)一回收并處理,這不僅會對環(huán)境造成污染同時也會造成瀝青的不必要的損失;采用鐵桶包裝時,本身自重大,使用前需對其加熱脫桶,空桶回收成本費用高且鐵桶還存在腐蝕、變形等問題。因而希望合成一種一次性瀝青包裝材料,該材料可與被包裝的瀝青一同熔化且不對其性質產生不利影響,從而免除了傳統(tǒng)瀝青包裝材料所帶來的加熱剝離等問題并減少污染降低使用成本。 本研究以氧化瀝青為主要原料,通過對氧化瀝青進行接枝改性從而改善了其與聚合物PP、EVA等的相容性。在共混體系中,以氧化瀝青為主要原料,PP和EVA作為高聚物改性劑,而填料則進一步提高共混物的力學性能。在共混體系中PP為共混體系提供較高的軟化點,而EVA則用來提高共混體系的韌性,從而為共混物作為瀝青包裝材料提供耐熱性和抗磨損性。本文通過對不同配比的改性氧化瀝青,PP,EVA共混物的力學性能的進行對比分析,從中篩選出較優(yōu)的基礎配比。然后,在這個配比的基礎上,分析不同填料對共混物力學性能的影響。填料包括玻璃纖維、納米級碳酸鈣、硅微粉、蒙脫土。最終,優(yōu)選出配比為氧化瀝青：PP：EVA：納米級碳酸鈣=63：9：27：1時,能夠制得力學性能最佳的共混物,共混物的斷裂應變能夠達到230%左右。該共混材料可通過雙片熱成型機可制作為一次性瀝青包裝袋,該包裝袋可以滿足灌裝及運輸中對包裝材料的要求,且該新型瀝青包裝袋在使用時可與被包裝的瀝青共同熔融,從免除了傳統(tǒng)瀝青包裝材料所帶來的加熱剝離等問題并可達到減少污染降低使用成本的目的。
[Abstract]:Asphalt is widely used as basic construction materials (raw materials and fuels) in transportation, construction, agriculture, water conservancy projects, Industry and other sectors that are very relevant to the development of the country. In the development of packaging methods that can be used to package and transport bitumen and similar substances, paper bag packaging and iron barrel packaging have played an important role and have been widely used. However, it is undeniable that these packaging methods have exposed many shortcomings as people's awareness of environmental protection has increased. The more common problems are, for example, when bitumen and similar materials are packaged in paper bags when they need to be used. The paper bags used for packaging are easily tightly bonded with the packaged asphalt, which can cause material losses and the paper bags coated with bitumen are very difficult to clean up and can only be recovered and disposed of uniformly. This will not only pollute the environment, but also cause unnecessary loss of asphalt. When used in iron drum packaging, it is self-important, it needs to be heated and stripped before use, empty barrel recovery costs are high, and iron drums are corroded. Problems such as deformation. It is therefore desirable to synthesize a one-off bituminous packaging material that can be melted with packaged asphalt without adversely affecting its properties, Thus, the traditional asphalt packaging materials caused by heat stripping and other problems and reduce pollution and reduce the cost of use. In this paper, oxidized asphalt was used as the main raw material to improve the compatibility of oxidized asphalt by graft modification. In the blend system, the oxidized asphalt was used as the main raw materials of PP and EVA as the polymer modifier. The filler further improved the mechanical properties of the blends. PP provided a higher softening point for the blends, while EVA was used to improve the toughness of the blends. Therefore, the heat resistance and wear resistance of the blends as asphalt packaging materials can be provided. By comparing and analyzing the mechanical properties of the modified oxidized asphalt / EVA blends with different ratios, the better basic ratio is obtained. On the basis of this ratio, the effects of different fillers on the mechanical properties of the blends are analyzed. The fillers include glass fiber, nanometer calcium carbonate, silica micropowder, montmorillonite. Finally, the best proportion is: oxidized asphalt: PPVA: nanometer calcium carbonate 63: 9: 27: 1. The best mechanical properties of the blend can be prepared, and the fracture strain of the blend can reach about 230%. The blend can be made into a one-off asphalt packaging bag by a double-sheet thermoforming machine. The packaging bag can meet the requirements of packing materials in filling and transportation, and the new type of asphalt packaging bag can be melted together with the packed asphalt when used. The problem of heat stripping caused by traditional asphalt packaging materials is eliminated and the pollution is reduced and the cost of use is reduced.
【學位授予單位】：長春工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB484;TE626.86

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