本文關(guān)鍵詞： 籃球輪椅 有限元 人機(jī)工程 疲勞壽命　出處：《天津科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：伴隨著時(shí)代的發(fā)展,適用于殘障人士的體育活動(dòng)逐漸引起了人們的關(guān)注。鑒于運(yùn)動(dòng)型輔助輪椅的問世,運(yùn)動(dòng)型輪椅不僅能夠使有肢體不足狀況的人能像正常人同樣感受到生活的美好,也為他們提供了更多展現(xiàn)自我的機(jī)會(huì)。 所謂輪椅籃球即是為了身體下肢有殘疾的人用輪椅車代替雙腿,在運(yùn)動(dòng)場上進(jìn)行競技的特殊籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目。因?yàn)榛@球輪椅不同于普通輪椅,下肢有殘疾者可以用此來進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)膽敉怏w育運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目。到如今籃球輪椅被越來越多的殘疾人使用。對于參加輪椅籃球項(xiàng)目的運(yùn)動(dòng)員來說,輪椅是不可或缺的代步工具,而此項(xiàng)目又是一項(xiàng)對抗性非常強(qiáng)的運(yùn)動(dòng),經(jīng)常發(fā)生輪椅之間的碰撞,甚至有傾翻的可能以及導(dǎo)致運(yùn)動(dòng)員的受傷,受到二次傷害。因此籃球輪椅的行駛安全問題、平衡能力以及乘坐舒適與否等所涉及到的人機(jī)工程學(xué)因素就顯得尤為重要。本文首先對當(dāng)前國產(chǎn)輪椅及其使用用戶進(jìn)行了廣泛的調(diào)查,總結(jié)了籃球輪椅的幾種主要失效形式,提出了對于車體材質(zhì)和車軸彎曲形式、防撞圈的重新設(shè)計(jì)和整車聯(lián)合重心位置等車體構(gòu)造上的改善整合方案,并經(jīng)有限元等計(jì)算機(jī)分析軟件計(jì)算驗(yàn)證了方案的合理可靠性。運(yùn)用人機(jī)工程學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)思想,選用了先進(jìn)的CATIA人體仿真平臺對重新設(shè)計(jì)的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行多種檢驗(yàn)評估以及在人體三種典型運(yùn)動(dòng)姿態(tài)下的舒適度進(jìn)行分析,進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了其整體布局的合理性。之后使用剛?cè)峄旌夏Ｐ吞摂M樣機(jī)技術(shù)聯(lián)合疲勞壽命分析平臺對重新構(gòu)建的車體防撞圈的使用壽命進(jìn)行了估算分析。 此項(xiàng)目的研究對于提高籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)輪椅的性能,加強(qiáng)我國各類運(yùn)動(dòng)輪椅的發(fā)展水平有積極的影響。與此同時(shí)也可為我國的殘疾人體育事業(yè)做出一點(diǎn)積極的貢獻(xiàn),不但可以降低從國外進(jìn)口的成本,而且可以使更多的殘疾人參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng),使他們的生活內(nèi)容更加豐富。
[Abstract]:Along with the development of the times, sports activities suitable for the disabled have gradually attracted people's attention. Sports wheelchairs not only enable people with physical disabilities to feel the same good life as normal people, but also provide more opportunities for them to show themselves. The so-called wheelchair basketball is a special basketball event in which people with disabilities in their lower limbs use wheelchairs instead of legs to compete on the playground. Because basketball wheelchairs are different from ordinary wheelchairs, People with lower limbs with disabilities can use this for appropriate outdoor sports. Nowadays, basketball wheelchairs are used by more and more people with disabilities. For athletes who participate in wheelchair basketball, wheelchairs are an indispensable means of movement. This event is also a very confrontational sport. There are frequent collisions between wheelchairs, even the possibility of overturning and causing injuries to athletes and secondary injuries. Therefore, the safety of basketball wheelchairs is a problem. The ergonomics factors, such as balance ability and ride comfort, are particularly important. Firstly, this paper makes a extensive investigation on the current domestic wheelchairs and their users, and summarizes several main failure forms of basketball wheelchairs. The improvement and integration scheme of the carbody material and axle bending form, the redesigning of the anti-collision ring and the position of the whole vehicle's joint center of gravity are put forward. The reasonable reliability of the scheme is verified by computer analysis software such as finite element method, and the idea of ergonomics design is used. The advanced CATIA human body simulation platform is selected to test and evaluate the redesigned structure and to analyze the comfort under the three typical human motion postures. The rationality of its overall layout is further verified. Then the service life of the reconstructed anti-collision ring is estimated and analyzed by using the rigid-flexible hybrid model virtual prototyping technology combined with the fatigue life analysis platform. The research of this project has a positive impact on improving the performance of basketball wheelchairs and strengthening the development level of all kinds of sports wheelchairs in China. At the same time, it can also make a little positive contribution to the sports cause of the disabled in our country. It can not only reduce the cost of importing from abroad, but also make more disabled people participate in sports and enrich their life.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TH789;TB18

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