長期施肥和耕作管理可能會影響亞熱帶地區(qū)水稻土中磷的組分及磷素有效性,從而影響作物的可持續(xù)生長。然而,土壤中磷組分對長期施肥和耕作模式的響應仍不明確。本文主要通過研究雙季稻模式下不同化肥施用量對土壤化學性質和土壤磷組分及其穩(wěn)定性的影響,化肥配施麥稈和有機肥對水稻產(chǎn)量的影響,并探討不同氣候及水稻耕作管理對磷組分的影響。本文分別從南昌（NC）、進賢（JX）、寧鄉(xiāng)（NX）、重慶（CQ）和遂寧（SN）5個長期施肥試驗點中,選擇了不施肥（CK）、化肥（NPK）和化肥配施有機肥（NPKM）3個處理,以及安徽省廬江縣的不施肥（CK）、化肥（NPK）、化肥配施麥稈（NPKS）和化肥配施有機肥（NPKM）四個處理,并分別從寧鄉(xiāng)和哈爾濱兩個試驗點選擇了4種耕作處理:常規(guī)耕作（T1）、秸稈還田常規(guī)耕作（T2）、秸稈還田輪作（T3）,秸稈還田免耕（T4）,分析土壤理化性質,測定土壤磷酸酶活性,并通過Hedley等（1982）連續(xù)分級法測定土壤有機和無機磷形態(tài)。結果表明,與CK和NPK相比,NPKM中土壤全磷、有效磷和有機質（SOM）含量以及各試驗點的水稻籽粒產(chǎn)量明顯較高。長期施肥條件下,NPKM處理的大部分有機... 

【文章來源】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學院北京市

【文章頁數(shù)】：100 頁

【學位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
abstract
LIST OF ABBRIVATIONS
CHAPTER1 -INTRODUCTION
    1.1 Effect of long-term inorganic fertilization on soil P fractions
    1.2 Effect of long-term organic fertilization on soil P-fractions
    1.3 Effect of tillage management on soil P fractions
    1.4 Scientific question
    1.5 Hypothesis
    1.6 Objectives
CHAPTER2 -MATERIALS AND METHODS
    2.1 Sites description
    2.2 Cropping practices and fertilization treatments
    2.3 Soil sampling and analysis
    2.4 Soil phosphorus fractions
    2.5 Sequential phosphorus fractionation method
        2.5.1 Equipment needed
        2.5.2 Soil Extraction
        2.5.3 Determination of inorganic P from NaHCO3,NaOH and HCl Extracts
        2.5.4 Determination of Total P from NaHCO3,NaOH and HCl Extracts
    2.6 Calculation of P efficiency indices
    2.7 Statistical analysis
CHAPTER3 -RESPONSES OF SOIL PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS AND MOBILITY TO LONG TERM MINERAL FERTILIZATION UNDER DOUBLE RICE CROPPING SYSTEM IN FERRALIC CAMBISOL
    Abstract
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Site description and experimental design
    3.3 Results
        3.3.1 Soil chemical properties
        3.3.2 Soil P fractions affected by long term NPK applications
        3.3.3 Relative proportions of P pools
        3.3.4 Relationship between soil chemical properties and P-fractions
        3.3.5 Grain yield,P uptake and P efficiency indices
        3.3.6 Soil nutrients response to P pools and P uptake by the crop
    3.4 Discussion
        3.4.1 Relationship of soil properties and P fractions with NPK additions
        3.4.2 Grain yield,P uptake and P efficiency indices
        3.4.3 Pathways of transformations in soil P pools and P uptake
    3.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER4 -CHANGES IN PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES UNDER LONG-TERM ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZATION IN PADDY SOILS OF SOUTHERN CHINA
    Abstract
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Sites description and experimental design
    4.3 Results
        4.3.1 Soil organic matter and pH
        4.3.2 Changes in soil P fertility
        4.3.3 Grain yield
        4.3.4 Soil P fractions
        4.3.5 P fractions affected by long-term inorganic and organic fertilizer applications
        4.3.6 The Relationship of P fractions with other soil properties
        4.3.7 Redundancy analysis(RDA)of the soil properties and different P fractions
    4.4 Discussion
        4.4.1 Soil P fractions and soil properties
        4.4.2 Fractional distribution of soil P
    4.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER5 -REPLACEMENT OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS WITH ORGANIC AMENDMENTS INCREASED THE RICE YIELD BY CHANGING PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS IN A FLUVO-AQUIC SOIL
    Abstract
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Site description and experimental design
    5.3 Results
        5.3.1 Grain yield,grain P uptake and P use efficiency indices
        5.3.2 Soil chemical properties
        5.3.3 Relative distribution of P fractions
    5.4 Discussion
    5.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER6 -ROLE OF SOIL MINERAL CONTENTS IN THE LABILITY OF PHOSPHORUS IN PURPLE PADDY SOILS UNDER LONG-TERM FERTILIZATION
    Abstract
    6.1 Introduction
    6.2 Site description and experimental design
    6.3 Results
        6.3.1 Effect of long-term fertilization on soil properties
        6.3.2 Effect of long-term fertilization on phosphorus fractions and P uptake..
    6.4 Discussion
    6.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER7 -PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS,PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITIES AND CROP YIELD AFFECTED BY TILLAGE MANAGEMENT UNDER DIFFERENT PADDY SOILS
    Abstract
    7.1 Introduction
    7.2 Site description and experimental design
    7.3 Results
        7.3.1 Soil organic matter and pH
        7.3.2 Changes in soil P concentrations
        7.3.3 Grain yield
        7.3.4 Soil P-fractionation
        7.3.5 P fractions affected by different tillage management
        7.3.6 The effect of tillage on the relative proportions of P-pools
        7.3.7 Soil phosphatase enzymes affected by tillage
        7.3.8 Redundancy analysis(RDA)of soil properties,phosphatase enzymes,grain yield and different P-fractions
        7.3.9 The contribution of soil properties and climatic factors to the grain yield by VPA
    7.4 Discussion
        7.4.1 Effect of tillage management on soil properties
        7.4.2 Impact of tillage systems on soil phosphatase enzyme
        7.4.3 Tillage management and the grain yield
        7.4.4 Labile and moderately labile phosphorus pool
        7.4.5 Non-labile phosphorous pool
    7.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER8 -CONCLUSIONS
    8.1 Research innovation
    8.2 Future research prospects
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
CURRICULUM VITAE


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