【摘要】：意外發(fā)生的爆炸事故和有目的的炸彈襲擊時有發(fā)生,統(tǒng)計表明,爆炸事故中70%的傷亡是由于爆炸沖擊作用對建筑玻璃造成破壞后產(chǎn)生的高速飛濺碎片帶來的二次傷害所造成。因此,建筑玻璃的抗爆性能研究成為人們關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)。采用傳統(tǒng)的基于侵蝕算法的單元刪除法模擬玻璃裂紋的生成,由于單元刪除造成的質(zhì)量損失及能量不守恒,體系的控制方程不再成立,導(dǎo)致數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果準(zhǔn)確性不高。本文基于有限元顯式動力分析軟件LS-DYNA,提出采用節(jié)點(diǎn)分離方法模擬爆炸荷載作用下玻璃裂紋的產(chǎn)生,避免單元的刪除,保證體系控制方程成立。分別采用節(jié)點(diǎn)分離法與單元刪除法對某一現(xiàn)場爆炸試驗(yàn)中玻璃板的破碎進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,同時采用統(tǒng)計學(xué)方法對兩種方法下數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果的玻璃碎片尺寸分布、拋射速度分布以及拋射距離分布進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)統(tǒng)計。對比數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),節(jié)點(diǎn)分離法得到的碎片最大拋射速度、最遠(yuǎn)拋射距離以及玻璃破碎形態(tài)與試驗(yàn)吻合的更好,節(jié)點(diǎn)分離法的準(zhǔn)確度高于單元刪除法。統(tǒng)計結(jié)果表明:兩種方法下,隨著爆炸比例距離的減小,生成的小碎片越多,拋射速度越大,拋射距離越遠(yuǎn);節(jié)點(diǎn)分離方法在模擬玻璃小尺寸碎片方面更具優(yōu)越性。
[Abstract]:Accidental explosions and purposeful bomb attacks occur from time to time. Statistics show that 70% of the casualties in the explosion accidents are caused by the secondary damage caused by high speed splashing fragments caused by the damage to building glass caused by explosion impact. Therefore, the study of explosion resistance of building glass has become the focus of attention. The traditional element deletion method based on erosion algorithm is used to simulate the generation of glass cracks. Due to the mass loss and non-conservation of energy caused by element deletion, the governing equation of the system no longer holds, resulting in the accuracy of numerical simulation results is not high. In this paper, based on the finite element explicit dynamic analysis software LS-DYNA, a node separation method is proposed to simulate the generation of glass cracks under explosive load, to avoid the deletion of elements and to ensure the establishment of the control equation of the system. Node separation method and element deletion method are used to simulate the broken glass plate in a field explosion test, and the glass fragment size distribution, ejection velocity distribution and ejection distance distribution of the numerical simulation results under the two methods are counted in detail by statistical method. Compared with the numerical simulation results, it is found that the maximum ejection velocity, the farthest ejection distance and the broken shape of glass obtained by the node separation method are in good agreement with the experimental results, and the accuracy of the node separation method is higher than that of the element deletion method. The statistical results show that with the decrease of explosion proportional distance, the more small fragments are generated, the greater the ejection speed is, and the farther the ejection distance is, and the node separation method is more superior in simulating small size fragments of glass.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU524;TU312.3

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