【摘要】：熱源塔是由傳統(tǒng)冷卻塔改進而來的，，在冬季可以取代鍋爐進行制熱，實現(xiàn)冷、暖、生活熱水三聯(lián)供。熱源塔技術(shù)處于剛剛起步階段，對其內(nèi)部熱質(zhì)交換規(guī)律的理論研究很少，在工程上的應(yīng)用也很少，主要集中在長江以南夏熱冬冷地區(qū)。為促進熱源塔熱泵技術(shù)在夏熱冬冷地區(qū)的推廣，本文采用理論分析、數(shù)值模擬以及實驗研究的方法分析了逆流開式熱源塔冬季的傳熱傳質(zhì)特性以及開式熱源塔熱泵系統(tǒng)的供暖性能、運行經(jīng)濟性和節(jié)能性。進行的主要工作如下： 首先，通過分別考慮傳熱、傳質(zhì)系數(shù)，擯棄了傳統(tǒng)開式冷卻塔傳熱傳質(zhì)數(shù)學(xué)模型中劉易斯數(shù)Le恒為1的假設(shè)，建立了逆流開式熱源塔冬季傳熱傳質(zhì)數(shù)學(xué)模型。為方便求解，本文采用區(qū)域離散的方法求解數(shù)學(xué)模型，將模型計算結(jié)果與工程實測結(jié)果進行對比分析，分析后發(fā)現(xiàn)模型準(zhǔn)確度較高。同時，利用C++程序設(shè)計語言，編制了逆流開式熱源塔冬季性能計算軟件。 其次，利用逆流開式熱源塔冬季性能計算軟件分析了逆流開式熱源塔冬季傳熱傳質(zhì)過程中沿填料高度方向各參數(shù)分布情況，并定量分析了不同運行參數(shù)和結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對逆流開式熱源塔傳熱傳質(zhì)性能的影響，以及冬季運行時凝結(jié)水的調(diào)節(jié)。 然后，通過綜合考慮機組負荷率、冷凝器側(cè)進水溫度、蒸發(fā)器側(cè)進水溫度、冷凝器側(cè)水量、蒸發(fā)器側(cè)水量等五個因素的影響，以某廠家提供的螺桿式熱源塔熱泵機組性能數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)，建立了基于數(shù)據(jù)擬合分析的熱源塔熱泵機組冬季制熱變工況能效模型，并通過41組不同工況的測試數(shù)據(jù)對模型進行了驗證，驗證發(fā)現(xiàn)模型的準(zhǔn)確性較高。 再次，根據(jù)逆流開式熱源塔冬季傳熱傳質(zhì)模型和熱源塔熱泵機組冬季變工況能效模型，建立了開式熱源塔熱泵系統(tǒng)供暖能效耦合模型，并利用C++程序設(shè)計語言，編制了開式熱源塔熱泵系統(tǒng)冬季能耗分析軟件。 最后，以重慶市某辦公建筑作為研究對象，利用DeST能耗模擬軟件進行全年動態(tài)負荷模擬，并結(jié)合開式熱源塔熱泵系統(tǒng)冬季能耗分析軟件，分析了開式熱源塔熱泵系統(tǒng)在冬季的供暖特性、運行經(jīng)濟性和節(jié)能性，并與空氣源熱泵、燃氣鍋爐進行了供暖運行經(jīng)濟性和節(jié)能性對比分析。相比空氣源熱泵系統(tǒng)，熱源塔熱泵系統(tǒng)可以節(jié)約運行費用5.55%，熱泵機組節(jié)能19.04%，系統(tǒng)節(jié)能7.29%；相比燃氣鍋爐供暖系統(tǒng)，熱源塔熱泵系統(tǒng)可以節(jié)約運行費用10.73%，節(jié)能28.75%。在此基礎(chǔ)上，還對該系統(tǒng)在夏熱冬冷地區(qū)的適宜性進行了定性分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)開式熱源塔熱泵技術(shù)適合在夏熱冬冷地區(qū)推廣應(yīng)用，尤其適合在南京、合肥及其附近的地區(qū)。
[Abstract]:The heat source tower is improved by the traditional cooling tower, which can replace the boiler for heating in winter to realize the combined supply of cold, warm and domestic hot water. The heat source tower technology is in its infancy, the theoretical research on its internal heat and mass exchange law is very few, and its application in engineering is also very few, mainly concentrated in the hot summer and cold winter area south of the Yangtze River. In order to promote the popularization of heat source tower heat pump technology in hot summer and cold winter, the heat and mass transfer characteristics of countercurrent open heat source tower in winter and the heating performance, operation economy and energy saving of open heat source tower heat pump system are analyzed by means of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental research. The main work is as follows: firstly, by considering the heat and mass transfer coefficients respectively, the Lewis number Le is constant to 1 in the traditional open cooling tower heat and mass transfer mathematical model, and the mathematical model of heat and mass transfer in winter of countercurrent open heat source tower is established. In order to solve the problem conveniently, the regional discretization method is used to solve the mathematical model. The calculated results of the model are compared with the measured results of the project, and it is found that the accuracy of the model is higher. At the same time, the winter performance calculation software of countercurrent open heat source tower is compiled by using C programming language. Secondly, the distribution of parameters along the direction of packing height in the winter heat and mass transfer process of countercurrent open heat source tower is analyzed by using the winter performance calculation software of countercurrent open heat source tower, and the effects of different operating parameters and structural parameters on the heat and mass transfer performance of countercurrent open heat source tower and the regulation of condensate water in winter operation are quantitatively analyzed. Then, based on the performance data of screw heat source tower heat pump unit provided by a manufacturer, the energy efficiency model of heat source tower heat pump unit in winter is established by considering the influence of five factors, such as unit load rate, condenser side water temperature, evaporator side water quantity, etc., which is based on the load rate of the unit, the inlet water temperature of the condenser side, the water quantity of the condenser side and the water quantity of the evaporator side, and the energy efficiency model of the heat source tower heat pump unit in winter is established. The model is verified by 41 groups of test data under different working conditions, and it is found that the accuracy of the model is high. Thirdly, according to the winter heat and mass transfer model of countercurrent open heat source tower and the variable working condition energy efficiency model of heat source tower heat pump unit in winter, the coupling model of heating energy efficiency of open heat source tower heat pump system is established, and the winter energy consumption analysis software of open heat source tower heat pump system is compiled by using C programming language. Finally, taking an office building in Chongqing as the research object, the annual dynamic load simulation is carried out by using DeST energy consumption simulation software, and combined with the winter energy consumption analysis software of the open heat source tower heat pump system, the heating characteristics, operation economy and energy saving of the open heat source tower heat pump system in winter are analyzed, and the heating operation economy and energy saving are compared with those of the air source heat pump and gas boiler. Compared with the air source heat pump system, the heat source tower heat pump system can save 5.55% of the operation cost, 19.04% and 7.29% of the energy saving of the heat pump unit, and 10.73% and 28.75% of the operating cost of the heat source tower heat pump system compared with the gas boiler heating system. On this basis, the suitability of the system in hot summer and cold winter areas is qualitatively analyzed. It is found that the open heat source tower heat pump technology is suitable for popularization and application in hot summer and cold winter areas, especially in Nanjing, Hefei and its adjacent areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU832

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