【摘要】：泡沫混凝土由于內(nèi)部的疏松多孔結(jié)構(gòu)使其具有輕質(zhì)、保溫、隔音、抗震等優(yōu)點，廣泛應(yīng)用于節(jié)能保溫墻體當(dāng)中。其中超輕泡沫混凝土的應(yīng)用更加具體，以作為保溫和填充材料在建筑施工中現(xiàn)澆成型為主。隨著目前節(jié)能減排政策的大力實施，泡沫混凝土的應(yīng)用也更加廣泛，隨之而來的各方面問題也日益突出，其中就包括在嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)的應(yīng)用有很大困難。 本文以超輕泡沫混凝土為研究對象，旨在以其在嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)的應(yīng)用為視角，通過具體試驗和測試的方法，力圖為嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)應(yīng)用泡沫混凝土保溫節(jié)能以及現(xiàn)場施工澆筑提供參照。通過各種方法技術(shù)對泡沫混凝土的制備和性能進行提高。 本文中首先通過對市場上常見的九種不同類型的發(fā)泡劑在不同溫度條件下的發(fā)泡性能和穩(wěn)泡性能進行試驗測試，并將試驗結(jié)果進行對比分析，確定出溫度對泡沫混凝土用發(fā)泡劑性能的影響。同時優(yōu)選出稀釋倍數(shù)為20倍的植物型和復(fù)合型兩種發(fā)泡劑進行超輕泡沫混凝土的配制。 通過超輕混凝土的成型情況對其配合比參數(shù)進行調(diào)整，，得出適宜成型的漿體流動性、水灰比、減水劑、摻合料、以及促凝劑摻量等，同時研究這些因素對泡沫混凝土制備的影響規(guī)律。并且針對較低的溫度下超輕泡沫混凝土的成型規(guī)律和問題，尋找其原因并解決，以實現(xiàn)能夠在較低溫度下獲得穩(wěn)定良好的超輕泡沫混凝土。研究結(jié)果表明，在溫度較低時發(fā)泡劑的變化和影響甚微，主要問題在于水泥的水化和硬化時間增加，導(dǎo)致氣泡難以穩(wěn)定試件塌陷。摻入促凝劑和纖維素醚能夠在一定程度上改善低溫成型效果，可以滿足使用要求。 通過對泡沫混凝土的不同性能試驗研究，確定泡沫混凝土中各項實用性能的影響因素和影響規(guī)律。主要有導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)、孔隙率、吸水率、抗凍性和孔結(jié)構(gòu)，分析他們之間的關(guān)系和差別，并從理論上提出能夠改善這些性能的方法，然后對其可行性和難易程度以及改善效果進行試驗研究，最終確定在超輕泡沫混凝土的制備和應(yīng)用中可行的性能提高措施。試驗中制備的253kg/m3泡沫混凝土的導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)在0.063W/（m K），與預(yù)期的低于0.06W/（m K）有微小差距。
[Abstract]:Foam concrete is widely used in energy-saving thermal insulation wall because of its loose porous structure, which has the advantages of light weight, heat preservation, sound insulation, earthquake resistance and so on. Among them, the application of ultra-light foam concrete is more specific, mainly as heat preservation and filling materials in the construction of cast-in-place molding. With the implementation of energy saving and emission reduction policy, the application of foam concrete is more extensive, and the following problems are becoming more and more prominent, including the application in severe cold areas. In this paper, ultra-light foam concrete is taken as the research object, in order to provide reference for the application of foam concrete heat preservation and energy saving and field construction in severe cold area from the perspective of its application in severe cold area, through the method of concrete test and test. The preparation and properties of foam concrete are improved by various methods and techniques. In this paper, the foaming properties and foam stability of nine different types of foaming agents in the market under different temperature conditions were tested, and the test results were compared and analyzed. The effect of temperature on the properties of foaming agent for foam concrete was determined. At the same time, the plant type and compound foaming agent with dilution multiple of 20 times were selected for the preparation of ultra-light foam concrete. According to the molding condition of ultra-light concrete, the mixture proportion parameters are adjusted, and the suitable slurry flowability, water-cement ratio, water reducing agent, admixture and the content of accelerator are obtained. At the same time, the influence of these factors on the preparation of foam concrete is studied. Aiming at the forming law and problems of ultra-light foam concrete at lower temperature, the causes are found and solved in order to obtain stable and good ultra-light foam concrete at lower temperature. The results show that the foaming agent has little change and influence when the temperature is low. The main problem is that the hydration and hardening time of cement increases, which leads to the collapse of bubble stable specimen. Adding coagulant and cellulose ether can improve the low temperature molding effect to a certain extent, and can meet the requirements of use. Through the experimental study on the different properties of foam concrete, the influencing factors and laws of practical properties in foam concrete are determined. There are mainly thermal conductivity, porosity, water absorption, frost resistance and pore structure, and the relationship and difference between them are analyzed, and the methods that can improve these properties are put forward theoretically. Then the feasibility, difficulty and improvement effect are studied, and the feasible performance improvement measures in the preparation and application of ultra-light foam concrete are finally determined. The thermal conductivity of 253kg/m3 foam concrete prepared in the experiment is slightly different from the expected lower than 0.06W/ (m K) in 0.063W/ (m K),.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU528.2

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