【摘要】：地下水是我國(guó)重要的飲用水水源。由于污染下滲、超量開采等原因,地下水水質(zhì)逐年惡化,使得原本只有鐵、錳超標(biāo)的水源逐漸轉(zhuǎn)化為復(fù)合型微污染水源,原有處理工藝無法適應(yīng)惡化后的水質(zhì),復(fù)合型微污染地下水的達(dá)標(biāo)處理問題亟待解決。采用兩種常規(guī)的水處理工藝,氧化-過濾、曝氣-接觸氧化工藝處理復(fù)合型微污染地下水進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)研究,過濾部分采用相同參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì),對(duì)比分析二者的處理效果,優(yōu)選出可行的處理方法,確定、設(shè)計(jì)復(fù)合型微污染地下水處理方案�？疾臁⒈容^在相同參數(shù)設(shè)置的濾柱、濾速的條件下,高錳酸鉀預(yù)氧化-過濾工藝、曝氣-接觸氧化工藝的處理效果。高錳酸鉀投加量為16.8mg/L,預(yù)氧化時(shí)間為15min。在濾速為1 m/h時(shí),氧化-過濾法處理后的出水鐵、錳、氨氮、有機(jī)物的平均質(zhì)量濃度分別為0.130 mg/L、0.163 mg/L、2.657 mg/L、0.024 mg/L,而曝氣-接觸氧化法濾料成熟后的出水鐵、錳、氨氮、有機(jī)物的平均質(zhì)量濃度分別為0.109 mg/L、0.062 mg/L、0.134 mg/L、2.781 mg/L。氧化-過濾法處理后的出水鐵、錳、有機(jī)物可以達(dá)到《生活飲用水衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB5749-2006)要求,氨氮不能達(dá)標(biāo)；曝氣-接觸氧化法的出水各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)均可穩(wěn)定達(dá)標(biāo)。曝氣-接觸氧化法可保證達(dá)標(biāo)的最高濾速為4m/h,出水總鐵、總錳、氨氮、CODMn的質(zhì)量濃度分別為0.121mg/L、0.034 mg/L、0.434 mg/L、2.170 mg/L,曝氣-接觸氧化法在處理該類水質(zhì)方面優(yōu)于高錳酸鉀預(yù)氧化-過濾法。通過對(duì)氧化-過濾法、氧化吸附聯(lián)用和曝氣-接觸氧化法的技術(shù)、經(jīng)濟(jì)分析與比較,確定了曝氣-接觸氧化法作為處理復(fù)合型微污染地下水的方法,工藝流程為：噴淋曝氣一一級(jí)過濾—跌水曝氣—二級(jí)過濾—二氧化氯消毒。方案設(shè)計(jì)以李官堡水廠的水源水質(zhì)為目標(biāo)水質(zhì),設(shè)計(jì)水量5萬t/d,根據(jù)所做小試試驗(yàn)結(jié)果及相關(guān)中試試驗(yàn)成果對(duì)主要構(gòu)筑物進(jìn)行了論證選擇及參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì),具體參數(shù)如下：采用兩組相同構(gòu)筑物并聯(lián)運(yùn)行,每組主要由兩座串聯(lián)的普通快濾池組成,選取陶粒作為濾料,每座濾池中濾料層高度為1 m,濾速設(shè)置為2 m/h,反沖洗強(qiáng)度12 L/(m2·s),反沖洗時(shí)間5-10 min,反沖洗周期2 d。選擇二氧化氯作為消毒劑。直接運(yùn)行成本(不含設(shè)備維護(hù)與折舊費(fèi)和人工費(fèi))0.051元/m3。
[Abstract]:Groundwater is an important drinking water source in China. Due to the infiltration of pollution and excessive exploitation, the quality of groundwater is deteriorating year by year, which makes the water source with only iron and manganese exceeding the standard gradually transformed into a compound micro-polluted water source, and the original treatment technology can not adapt to the deterioration of the water quality. The problem of reaching the standard of compound micro-polluted groundwater needs to be solved urgently. Two conventional water treatment processes, oxidation-filtration and aeration-contact oxidation, were used to treat composite micro-polluted groundwater. The filtration part was designed with the same parameters, and the treatment effects of the two processes were compared and analyzed. The feasible treatment method is selected, and the compound micro-pollution groundwater treatment scheme is determined and designed. The effects of potassium permanganate pre-oxidation-filtration process and aeration-contact oxidation process were investigated and compared under the condition of filter column and filtration speed with the same parameters. The dosage of potassium permanganate was 16.8 mg / L and the pre-oxidation time was 15 min. When the filtration rate is 1 m 路h, the average mass concentrations of iron, manganese, ammonia nitrogen and organic matter treated by oxidation-filtration method are 0.130 mg/L,0.163 mg/L,2.657 mg/L,0.024 mg/L, respectively. The average mass concentrations of iron, manganese, ammonia nitrogen and organic matter after maturity of aeration-contact oxidation filter media are 0.109 mg/L,0.062 mg/L,0.134 mg/L,2.781 mg/L., respectively. The effluent iron, manganese and organic matter treated by oxidation-filtration method can meet the requirements of drinking Water Sanitary Standard (GB5749-2006), ammonia nitrogen can not reach the standard, and the effluent indexes of aeration-contact oxidation process can reach the standard stably. The maximum filtration rate of aeration and contact oxidation is 4 m 路h, the mass concentrations of total iron, total manganese, ammonia nitrogen and CODMn are 0.121 mg / L, 0.034 mg/L,0.434 mg/L,2.170 mg/L, respectively. Aeration-contact oxidation is superior to potassium permanganate pre-oxidation-filtration in the treatment of this kind of water quality. Through the technical and economic analysis and comparison of oxidation-filtration method, oxidation adsorption combination and aeration-contact oxidation method, the aeration-contact oxidation method as a method for the treatment of compound micro-polluted groundwater is determined. The technological process is as follows: spray aeration one stage filtration, falling water aeration, secondary filtration and chlorine dioxide disinfection. The design of the scheme takes the water quality of Liguanbao Water Plant as the target water quality, and the designed water quantity is 50,000 t / d. According to the results of the small scale test and the related pilot test results, the main structures are demonstrated and selected and the parameters are designed. The specific parameters are as follows: two groups of same structures are used in parallel operation, each group is mainly composed of two ordinary fast filters in series, ceramsite is selected as filter material, the height of filter material layer is 1 m in each filter, and the filter speed is set at 2 m 鈮，

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