發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-26 10:25

【摘要】：非飽和土坡在降雨入滲下的穩(wěn)定性研究需要確定土體含水率,因此對(duì)降雨入滲的規(guī)律性及邊界條件的研究具有重要的科學(xué)意義和實(shí)用價(jià)值。目前非飽和土坡坡面降雨入滲規(guī)律性及機(jī)理研究仍不完善,采用的正交邊界條件存在缺陷。正交入滲邊界對(duì)于不同性質(zhì)的土采用相同的邊界處理方法,對(duì)于邊界條件轉(zhuǎn)化的判別機(jī)制不符合非正交入滲實(shí)際,導(dǎo)致坡面土體的入滲計(jì)算的精度難以保證。在降雨入滲過程中,現(xiàn)有的坡面土體的入滲能力的確定方法具有缺陷,與實(shí)際的非正交入滲理論差異較大。為了研究非飽和土坡在降雨入滲條件下的入滲規(guī)律,探索符合實(shí)際的非正交入滲邊界條件,本文進(jìn)行了人工模擬降雨入滲試驗(yàn),并針對(duì)非飽和土坡降雨入滲試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬。研究?jī)?nèi)容主要分為以下幾個(gè)方面:(1)在原有室內(nèi)模擬人工降雨裝置的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行改進(jìn),進(jìn)而滿足本文試驗(yàn)的要求;(2)對(duì)粉質(zhì)粘土進(jìn)行室內(nèi)降雨入滲試驗(yàn)研究及入滲數(shù)值模擬,探討雨強(qiáng)、坡角及孔隙比對(duì)降雨入滲規(guī)律的影響;(3)設(shè)計(jì)了室外大型降雨試驗(yàn)裝置,并進(jìn)行非飽和砂土室外坡面降雨入滲試驗(yàn)。對(duì)室內(nèi)和室外非飽和土坡降雨入滲試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)研究,分析得到非飽和粉質(zhì)粘土和砂土坡面的降雨入滲規(guī)律。將試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與采用正交入滲邊界的數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果相比較,證明了目前按正交理論處理的入滲邊界條件存在的錯(cuò)誤之處。非飽和土坡坡面降雨入滲的試驗(yàn)研究表明,對(duì)于滲透能力弱的粉質(zhì)粘土,坡角和雨強(qiáng)的變化對(duì)降雨入滲的規(guī)律具有顯著的影響,而數(shù)值模擬中難以反應(yīng)出其對(duì)入滲率的顯著影響;對(duì)于滲透能力較強(qiáng)的砂土,雨強(qiáng)與飽和滲透系數(shù)的相對(duì)大小不能作為坡面土體在降雨入滲過程中是否會(huì)飽和的判別條件。
[Abstract]:The study on the stability of unsaturated soil slope under rainfall infiltration needs to determine the moisture content of soil, so it is of great scientific significance and practical value to study the regularity and boundary conditions of rainfall infiltration. At present, the research on rainfall infiltration regularity and mechanism of unsaturated soil slope is still not perfect, and the orthogonal boundary conditions adopted are defective. The orthogonal infiltration boundary adopts the same boundary treatment method for soils of different properties, and the discrimination mechanism of boundary condition transformation does not accord with the reality of non-orthogonal infiltration, which makes it difficult to guarantee the accuracy of soil infiltration calculation on slope surface. In the process of rainfall infiltration, the existing methods to determine the infiltration capacity of slope soil have defects, which are quite different from the actual non-orthogonal infiltration theory. In order to study the infiltration law of unsaturated soil slope under the condition of rainfall infiltration and to explore the non-orthogonal infiltration boundary conditions, the artificial simulated rainfall infiltration experiment was carried out in this paper, and the numerical simulation was carried out for the rainfall infiltration test of unsaturated soil slope. The research contents are mainly divided into the following aspects: (1) improve on the basis of the original indoor simulated artificial rainfall device, and then meet the requirements of the experiment in this paper; (2) to study the influence of rainfall intensity, slope angle and pore ratio on rainfall infiltration by indoor rainfall infiltration test and numerical simulation of silty clay; (3) the outdoor large-scale rainfall test device is designed, and the rainfall infiltration test is carried out on the unsaturated sandy soil outside the slope. The rainfall infiltration experiment of unsaturated soil slope in indoor and outdoor was studied, and the rainfall infiltration law of unsaturated silty clay and sandy soil slope surface was analyzed. Comparing the experimental results with the numerical simulation results using orthogonal infiltration boundary, it is proved that there are some errors in the infiltration boundary conditions treated according to the orthogonal theory at present. The experimental study on rainfall infiltration on unsaturated soil slope shows that for silty clay with weak permeability, the change of slope angle and rainfall intensity have a significant effect on the rule of rainfall infiltration. However, it is difficult to reflect its significant effect on infiltration rate in numerical simulation. For sandy soil with strong permeability, the relative value of rainfall intensity and saturated permeability coefficient can not be used as the criteria for determining whether the soil will be saturated in the process of rainfall infiltration.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU43

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