【摘要】：雙向張弦梁結(jié)構(gòu)屬于一種新型的雜交結(jié)構(gòu)。它是介于剛性結(jié)構(gòu)和柔性結(jié)構(gòu)之間的半剛性半柔性結(jié)構(gòu),并且這種結(jié)構(gòu)具有自重輕、承載能力強(qiáng)、施工簡便、平衡穩(wěn)定性好、結(jié)構(gòu)美觀等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。目前在爆炸沖擊荷載作用下的大跨度空間結(jié)構(gòu)分析研究中,主要有單層球面網(wǎng)殼結(jié)構(gòu)、柱面網(wǎng)殼結(jié)構(gòu)、雙層球面網(wǎng)殼結(jié)構(gòu)這幾種結(jié)構(gòu)形式,對雙向張弦梁結(jié)構(gòu)屋面網(wǎng)架受爆炸沖擊荷載作用的情況尚缺乏研究；而且在抗爆方面,我國也沒有明確的抗爆規(guī)范。同時,雙向張弦梁結(jié)構(gòu)建筑又是人群活動密集公共場所,這類人流密集型場所常常成為恐怖分子襲擊的目標(biāo)。然而在一般大跨度雙向張弦梁設(shè)計中,極少考慮爆炸荷載對結(jié)構(gòu)的影響,沒有明確規(guī)定保證結(jié)構(gòu)抗爆安全性能的措施,一旦雙向張弦梁結(jié)構(gòu)受到爆炸沖擊,將會導(dǎo)致較大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失以及不可估量的人員傷亡。因此研究雙向張弦梁在這種特殊荷載作用時的動力反應(yīng)及結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)力變化規(guī)律,進(jìn)而提高此結(jié)構(gòu)的抗爆安全性是十分必要的。通過建立炸藥在空氣中爆炸的仿真模型,根據(jù)距炸藥不同距離是的超壓波峰值與同一條件下的經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式相對比,從而證明LS-DYAN/ANSYS軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)值仿真模擬的正確性。根據(jù)爆炸沖擊波的傳播規(guī)律,建立空氣,高爆炸藥,雙向張弦梁結(jié)構(gòu)的桿件與屋面板的各種材料參數(shù)模型,對爆炸沖擊荷載作用下的雙向張弦梁結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了動力響應(yīng)分析。主要研究了炸藥在雙向張弦梁結(jié)構(gòu)中心上方不同高度處爆炸的情況和起爆點(diǎn)的位置在結(jié)構(gòu)上方中心橫向變化時的結(jié)構(gòu)桿件位移變化規(guī)律,并根據(jù)爆炸相似律理論,擬合出爆炸沖擊荷載作用下雙向張弦梁各桿件的超壓波峰值的經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式,歸納出雙向張弦梁結(jié)構(gòu)受爆炸沖擊荷載的偏心作用時桿件的應(yīng)變變化規(guī)律。在此基礎(chǔ)上,將雙向張弦梁結(jié)構(gòu)受爆炸沖擊荷載作用的情況與其他大跨度空間結(jié)構(gòu)的受力情況做了分析對比,分析雙向張弦梁結(jié)構(gòu)的受力特性。在研究了爆炸沖擊荷載作用在雙向張弦梁結(jié)構(gòu)屋面板情況的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了加強(qiáng)結(jié)構(gòu)桿件強(qiáng)度,改變屋面板材料,加強(qiáng)節(jié)點(diǎn)強(qiáng)度,在結(jié)構(gòu)滑移支座處添加阻尼器,合理設(shè)計結(jié)構(gòu)形狀,合理規(guī)劃結(jié)構(gòu)布置等抗爆方法,提高雙向張弦梁結(jié)構(gòu)的抗爆性能,為今后抗爆設(shè)計研究提供借鑒。
[Abstract]:Bi-directional string beam structure belongs to a new type of hybrid structure. It is a semi-rigid and semi-flexible structure between rigid structure and flexible structure, and this kind of structure has the advantages of light weight, strong bearing capacity, simple construction, good balance stability, beautiful structure and so on. At present, there are mainly single-layer spherical reticulated shell structure, cylindrical reticulated shell structure and double-layer spherical reticulated shell structure in the analysis of long-span spatial structure under explosive impact load. There is still a lack of research on the effect of explosive impact load on the roof space frame of two-way tensioned string beam structure. And in the anti-explosion aspect, our country also does not have the clear anti-explosion norm. At the same time, the two-way beam structure is also a public place with dense crowd activities, which is often the target of terrorist attacks. However, in the general design of long-span two-way string beam, the impact of explosion load on the structure is rarely considered, and the measures to ensure the safety performance of the structure are not clearly defined. Once the two-way string beam structure is impacted by explosion, the structure of the two-way string beam is affected by explosion. It will lead to greater economic losses and incalculable casualties. Therefore, it is necessary to study the dynamic response and structural stress variation of the two-way tension string beam under this special load, so as to improve the explosion-resistant safety of the structure. By establishing the simulation model of explosive explosion in air and comparing the peak value of overpressure wave at different distance from explosive to the empirical formula under the same condition, the correctness of numerical simulation with LS-DYAN/ANSYS software is proved. According to the propagation law of blast shock wave, various material parameter models of bar and roof slab of air, high explosive charge, two-way tension string beam structure are established. The dynamic response of two-way tension string beam structure under explosion impact load is analyzed. In this paper, the explosion of explosive at different heights above the center of two-way tensioned string beam and the displacement variation of structural members when the position of initiation point is transversely changed above the center of structure are studied, and according to the theory of explosion similarity law, The empirical formula of the overpressure wave peak value of the two-way tension string beam subjected to explosive impact load is fitted, and the strain variation rule of the bar under the eccentricity of the explosion impact load is concluded. On this basis, the two-way string beam structure subjected to explosive impact load is analyzed and compared with other long-span space structures, and the mechanical characteristics of the two-way string beam structure are analyzed. On the basis of studying the effect of explosive impact load on the roof slab of two-way tensioned string beam structure, it is put forward to strengthen the strength of structural members, change the material of roof slab, strengthen the strength of joints, and add dampers at the sliding support of the structure. The anti-explosion methods such as reasonable design of structure shape, reasonable layout of structure, and so on, can improve the anti-explosion performance of bi-directional string beam structure, and provide reference for future research on anti-explosion design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧工程技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU399

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