【摘要】：江南地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)民居以特定的自然條件和獨(dú)有的文化傳承形成了別具一格的建筑風(fēng)貌。隨著社會(huì)體制的不斷變革,江南地區(qū)鄉(xiāng)村住宅在設(shè)計(jì)構(gòu)思與施工技術(shù)上均面臨著應(yīng)對(duì)新要求所需的適應(yīng)性革新。此類型住宅演變至今,其周期性規(guī)律有章可循,其中社會(huì)物質(zhì)條件與施工技術(shù)水平在地域性文脈傳承的基礎(chǔ)上亦對(duì)這種演變產(chǎn)生著不可逆的影響。對(duì)江南民居發(fā)展歷程的研究有利于深入探究其在當(dāng)代環(huán)境下的成因及趨勢(shì)。基于對(duì)江南鄉(xiāng)村住宅在時(shí)代背景下設(shè)計(jì)策略與施工技術(shù)的關(guān)注,本文以江南傳統(tǒng)民居的周期性變遷規(guī)律為出發(fā)點(diǎn),深入挖掘形式衍變下功能需求與公眾審美對(duì)其產(chǎn)生的驅(qū)動(dòng)作用。通過(guò)對(duì)鄉(xiāng)村住宅設(shè)計(jì)、施工方法的進(jìn)一步研究、剖析、歸納,展開(kāi)對(duì)該地區(qū)鄉(xiāng)村住宅空間系統(tǒng)和建筑職能的全面性解讀。首先,從時(shí)代發(fā)展的角度定位江南民居的物質(zhì)與精神層面特有價(jià)值,界定了本文江南地區(qū)鄉(xiāng)村住宅的研究范疇、研究目的和研究意義;在此基礎(chǔ)上,從建筑外部形態(tài)、內(nèi)部功能需求、建筑與自然結(jié)合等方面探究此類住宅在當(dāng)今時(shí)代背景下的設(shè)計(jì)策略,進(jìn)而從住宅的自建規(guī)律、空間的傳統(tǒng)回歸理念與技術(shù)的生態(tài)營(yíng)造手段的角度定位其在設(shè)計(jì)層面上的影響因素與結(jié)構(gòu)布局。其次,以江南鄉(xiāng)村住宅的營(yíng)造施工方式為切入點(diǎn),深入探討建立在對(duì)傳統(tǒng)建造秩序充分尊重之上的建造材料及施工工藝在不同時(shí)期的特征要素,同時(shí)結(jié)合營(yíng)造活動(dòng)中戶主、建筑師、工匠三方參與者的相互關(guān)系,剖析在鄉(xiāng)村共同體的產(chǎn)生過(guò)程中,不同角色參與決策與引導(dǎo)對(duì)建造結(jié)果產(chǎn)生的利弊影響。最后,在充分研究并總結(jié)了江南地區(qū)鄉(xiāng)村住宅當(dāng)代設(shè)計(jì)營(yíng)造策略一般規(guī)律的基礎(chǔ)上,作者以自己參與設(shè)計(jì)施工的鄉(xiāng)村住宅項(xiàng)目為例,從遵循地域文化特征、滿足業(yè)主生活功能需求、融合自然共生理念三個(gè)方面解析設(shè)計(jì)的邏輯原則與導(dǎo)引方向,從擇地、設(shè)計(jì)到成本核算的初步設(shè)計(jì)流程完全契合前文所述的此類建筑設(shè)計(jì)營(yíng)造要義,并將理論作為實(shí)踐的先導(dǎo),找到二者在學(xué)術(shù)研究意義上的平衡點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:The traditional residential buildings in the south of the Yangtze River form a unique architectural style with special natural conditions and unique cultural heritage. With the continuous change of social system, rural houses in the south of the Yangtze River are facing the adaptive innovation needed to meet the new requirements in design conception and construction technology. So far, there are some rules to follow in the evolution of this type of residence, in which the social material conditions and construction technology level have irreversibly influenced the evolution on the basis of regional cultural heritage. The research on the development course of the residential houses in the south of the Yangtze River is conducive to further exploring its causes and trends in the contemporary environment. Based on the attention paid to the design strategy and construction technology of rural residential buildings in the south of the Yangtze River under the background of the times, this paper starts with the periodic changes of the traditional houses in the south of the Yangtze River. Deeply excavate the function demand and the public aesthetic to it under the development of the form. Through the further study, analysis and induction of rural housing design and construction methods, the comprehensive interpretation of the space system and architectural functions of rural housing in this area is carried out. First of all, from the point of view of the development of the times, this paper defines the research scope, purpose and significance of the rural residential house in Jiangnan area by locating the specific value of the material and spiritual aspects of the residential building in the south of the Yangtze River. On this basis, from the external form of building, internal functional requirements, the combination of architecture and nature and other aspects of the design strategy of this kind of housing in the context of the times, and then from the building of the law of housing, The traditional regression concept of space and the ecological construction means of technology are used to locate the influence factors and structure layout on the design level. Secondly, taking the construction mode of rural residence in the south of the Yangtze River as the starting point, the characteristic elements of the construction materials and construction technology in different periods based on full respect for the traditional construction order are discussed in depth, and at the same time, the heads of household in the construction activities are combined. The relationship between architects and craftsmen, and the influence of different roles on the construction result in the process of village community. Finally, on the basis of studying and summing up the general law of the contemporary design and construction strategy of rural residence in Jiangnan area, the author takes the rural housing project that he participated in the design and construction as an example to follow the regional cultural characteristics. To meet the needs of the owners' living function, to analyze the logical principles and guiding directions of the design from the three aspects of the concept of natural symbiosis, from site selection, design to cost accounting, the preliminary design flow is fully in line with the construction essentials of such architectural design described above. And take the theory as the forerunner of practice, and find the balance point of the two in the academic research sense.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU241.4

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