【摘要】：粉煤灰泡沫混凝土具有良好的熱工性能和隔音輕質(zhì)等特性，成為輕質(zhì)隔墻材料的選擇。它與普通混凝土在原材料上最大的區(qū)別在于其不使用粗集料，同時(shí)引入大量均勻分布的氣泡，使得新拌漿體流動(dòng)度大、易泵送，硬化后質(zhì)輕、保溫隔熱、隔音吸聲、不燃和抗震等，因此研究泡沫混凝土墻體材料的性能及其微觀結(jié)構(gòu)具有深遠(yuǎn)的意義。文中采用最新的物理發(fā)泡工藝，在常溫常壓下制備泡沫混凝土。并圍繞其配合比設(shè)計(jì)及微觀結(jié)構(gòu)展開了如下研究工作： （1）對(duì)泡沫混凝土的性能進(jìn)行了分析，在理論研究的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)行了外加劑和原材料的單因素試驗(yàn)，得出外加劑的最佳摻量，并且繪制出原材料單因素改變對(duì)泡沫混凝土干表觀密度、28天抗壓強(qiáng)度、以及吸水率的影響曲線，通過對(duì)圖像的分析得出原材料單因素的最佳取值范圍。 （2）綜合考慮各因素對(duì)粉煤灰泡沫混凝土性能的影響，通過正交設(shè)計(jì)試驗(yàn)，對(duì)不同材料組成的干表觀密度、28天抗壓強(qiáng)度和吸水率進(jìn)行分析，得出影響泡沫混凝土強(qiáng)度的主要因素，并最終得出泡沫混凝土的最佳配合比。 （3）通過測(cè)定導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)得出了干表觀密度與泡沫混凝土保溫隔熱性能的關(guān)系。結(jié)果表明：隨著干表觀密度的減小，導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)隨之減小，保溫隔熱能力提高；粉煤灰的摻量增加，導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)降低。 （4）采用掃描電鏡觀察泡沫混凝土的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)，計(jì)算得出由于粉煤灰摻量變化，及發(fā)泡劑變化而引起的分形維數(shù)的變化。分析分形維數(shù)與表觀密度、28天抗壓強(qiáng)度的關(guān)系。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：隨著粉煤灰和發(fā)泡劑摻量的增加，分形維數(shù)增大，，表觀密度減小，28天抗壓強(qiáng)度降低。 經(jīng)過上述研究，獲得了制備方便的、容重較低、強(qiáng)度較高且保溫隔熱性能優(yōu)良的泡沫混凝凝土墻體材料，并對(duì)新的發(fā)泡工藝下制備的泡沫混凝土的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了分析。
[Abstract]:Fly ash foam concrete has good thermal performance and sound insulation and light properties, so it becomes the choice of lightweight wall materials. The biggest difference between it and ordinary concrete in raw materials is that it does not use coarse aggregates, and at the same time it introduces a large number of evenly distributed bubbles, which makes the fresh mortar flow large, easy to pump, light after hardening, heat preservation and insulation, sound absorption. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the properties and microstructure of foamed concrete wall materials. In this paper, the latest physical foaming technology is used to prepare foamed concrete at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The following research work is carried out around its mix ratio design and microstructure: (1) the performance of foamed concrete is analyzed. On the basis of theoretical research, the single factor tests of admixture and raw material are carried out. The optimum amount of admixture is obtained, and the influence curve of single factor change of raw material on dry apparent density, 28 days compressive strength and water absorption of foamed concrete is drawn. The best value range of raw material single factor is obtained by image analysis. (2) considering the influence of various factors on the performance of fly ash foam concrete, the dry apparent density, 28 days compressive strength and water absorption of different materials are analyzed by orthogonal design test. The main factors affecting the strength of foam concrete are obtained, and the optimum mix ratio of foam concrete is finally obtained. (3) the relationship between dry apparent density and thermal insulation property of foamed concrete is obtained by measuring thermal conductivity. The results show that the thermal conductivity decreases with the decrease of dry apparent density, and the thermal conductivity decreases with the increase of fly ash content. (4) the microstructure of foamed concrete is observed by scanning electron microscope, and the fractal dimension caused by the change of fly ash content and foaming agent is calculated. The relationship between fractal dimension and apparent density and 28 days compressive strength was analyzed. The experimental results show that with the increase of the content of fly ash and foaming agent, the fractal dimension increases, the apparent density decreases, and the compressive strength decreases in 28 days. Through the above research, the foamed coagulant wall materials with convenient preparation, low bulk density, high strength and excellent thermal insulation performance were obtained, and the microstructure of the foamed concrete prepared under the new foaming technology was analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU528.2

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