采用PLC控制的變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)設(shè)計
發(fā)布時間：2019-02-12 18:40
【摘要】：伴隨著中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展,工礦企業(yè)生產(chǎn)規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大,企業(yè)用水量不斷增加,供水管網(wǎng)規(guī)模逐年擴(kuò)大,生產(chǎn)流程控制精度要求逐年提升,工業(yè)企業(yè)供、用水系統(tǒng)管理取得了長足的發(fā)展。與此同時,現(xiàn)代大工業(yè)生產(chǎn)對于供水系統(tǒng)的軟、硬件設(shè)施標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及供水系統(tǒng)性能指標(biāo)、質(zhì)量都提出了新的、更高的要求。工業(yè)企業(yè)供水系統(tǒng)的安全性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性、可靠性直接影響企業(yè)生產(chǎn)的安全、連續(xù),也直接體現(xiàn)企業(yè)精細(xì)化管理水平。而傳統(tǒng)的恒速泵加壓供水、高位水箱供水等供水方式普遍存在供水可靠性不高、能量轉(zhuǎn)化效率低下、系統(tǒng)控制自動化程度不高、一線工人勞動強(qiáng)度大、設(shè)備控制參數(shù)調(diào)整不及時等缺點,難以滿足當(dāng)前大工業(yè)生產(chǎn)對供水安全及供水質(zhì)量的要求。 論文依據(jù)大連某石油化工企業(yè)實際用水需求參數(shù),采用低壓電控設(shè)備、變頻器、PLC控制器、壓力表及變送器、電動機(jī)水泵機(jī)組、后臺監(jiān)控計算機(jī)等設(shè)備組成、具備最低安全供水量保證的自動變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)既能通過電動機(jī)異常停機(jī)自動互投備用,保證系統(tǒng)最低安全用水量；又能通過變頻電動機(jī)自動投切,實現(xiàn)大流量供水時的變頻恒水壓運(yùn)行。有效地解決傳統(tǒng)供水方式中存在的缺點,具有較高的供水可靠性和明顯的節(jié)能效益。系統(tǒng)采用通過后臺計算機(jī)的遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控功能,提高了系統(tǒng)的自動化程度和故障異常處置效率,加強(qiáng)了生產(chǎn)運(yùn)行受控管理水平,大幅降低一線工人勞動量。 首先,該論文依據(jù)電動機(jī)輸出功率與水泵轉(zhuǎn)速三次方成正比的理論基礎(chǔ),分析了變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能原理,建立了系統(tǒng)控制模型和近似數(shù)學(xué)模型。通過配置變頻器內(nèi)置PID模塊實現(xiàn)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的閉環(huán)控制。供水全流量采用工頻機(jī)泵互投保安供水和變頻機(jī)泵分級調(diào)節(jié)供水相結(jié)合的模式,達(dá)到既能保證最低安全供水流量又能高流量恒壓供水且節(jié)能的目的。 其次,該論文論述了采用兩電動機(jī)互投備用提供最低保安供水量設(shè)計理念的原因及實現(xiàn)手段,論述了四臺水泵機(jī)組并聯(lián)供水模式下的各種有效供水狀態(tài)以及切換條件,研究了電動機(jī)由變頻切工頻運(yùn)行的轉(zhuǎn)換過程、存在的問題以及應(yīng)對措施,提出了PLC控制軟件程序流程和電氣控制方案。對PLC軟件編程以及PID參數(shù)設(shè)置和電動機(jī)繼電保護(hù)定值設(shè)定等問題進(jìn)行了深入的探討。 最后,通過研究計算機(jī)和PLC之間的通信及其硬件連接,探討了計算機(jī)通信、監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)的軟硬件設(shè)置,并利用設(shè)備內(nèi)置通信模塊實現(xiàn)供水系統(tǒng)遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控和故障報警功能。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy, the production scale of industrial and mining enterprises is expanding, the water consumption of enterprises is increasing, the scale of water supply network is expanding year by year, the precision of production process control is being improved year by year, and the supply of industrial enterprises is increasing year by year. Water system management has made great progress. At the same time, modern large-scale industrial production has put forward new and higher requirements for the quality of water supply system, such as the standard of software and hardware facilities and the performance index of water supply system. The safety, economy and reliability of water supply system in industrial enterprises directly affect the production safety of enterprises. But the traditional constant speed pump pressurized water supply, high water tank water supply and other water supply methods generally have low reliability of water supply, low efficiency of energy conversion, low degree of automation of system control, and high labor intensity of workers on the first line. It is difficult to meet the requirements of water supply safety and water supply quality in large industrial production because the adjustment of equipment control parameters is not timely and so on. According to the actual water demand parameters of a petrochemical enterprise in Dalian, the paper adopts low voltage electronic control equipment, frequency converter, PLC controller, pressure gauge and transmitter, motor pump unit, background monitoring computer and other equipment. Automatic variable frequency constant pressure water supply system with minimum safe water supply guarantee. The system can not only automatically switch on each other through abnormal stop of motor to ensure the lowest safe water consumption of the system, but also realize the operation of variable frequency constant water pressure when large flow water supply is realized by automatic switching of variable frequency motor. It can effectively solve the shortcomings of traditional water supply, and has higher reliability of water supply and obvious benefit of energy saving. By using the remote monitoring function of backstage computer, the system improves the automation degree of the system and the efficiency of abnormal handling of faults, strengthens the level of controlled management in production and operation, and greatly reduces the labor load of the front-line workers. Firstly, based on the theory that the output power of the motor is proportional to the third power of the pump speed, the energy saving principle of the variable frequency constant pressure water supply system is analyzed, and the control model and approximate mathematical model of the system are established. The closed loop control of the speed regulation system is realized by configuring the PID module of the inverter. The total flow of water supply is based on the combination of power frequency machine and pump mutual input and security water supply and variable frequency machine pump grading regulation and water supply, which can not only guarantee the minimum safe water supply flow, but also ensure the high flow constant pressure water supply and save energy. Secondly, the paper discusses the reasons and means of using two motors to supply the lowest security water supply, and discusses the effective water supply state and switching conditions under the parallel water supply mode of four water pump units. This paper studies the conversion process, existing problems and countermeasures of the motor running from frequency conversion to power frequency, and puts forward the program flow of PLC control software and the electric control scheme. The programming of PLC software, the setting of PID parameters and the setting of relay protection of motor are discussed. Finally, by studying the communication between computer and PLC and its hardware connection, this paper discusses the hardware and software settings of computer communication and monitoring network, and realizes the remote monitoring and fault alarm function of water supply system by using the built-in communication module of the equipment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TP273;TU991.4
本文編號：2420680
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy, the production scale of industrial and mining enterprises is expanding, the water consumption of enterprises is increasing, the scale of water supply network is expanding year by year, the precision of production process control is being improved year by year, and the supply of industrial enterprises is increasing year by year. Water system management has made great progress. At the same time, modern large-scale industrial production has put forward new and higher requirements for the quality of water supply system, such as the standard of software and hardware facilities and the performance index of water supply system. The safety, economy and reliability of water supply system in industrial enterprises directly affect the production safety of enterprises. But the traditional constant speed pump pressurized water supply, high water tank water supply and other water supply methods generally have low reliability of water supply, low efficiency of energy conversion, low degree of automation of system control, and high labor intensity of workers on the first line. It is difficult to meet the requirements of water supply safety and water supply quality in large industrial production because the adjustment of equipment control parameters is not timely and so on. According to the actual water demand parameters of a petrochemical enterprise in Dalian, the paper adopts low voltage electronic control equipment, frequency converter, PLC controller, pressure gauge and transmitter, motor pump unit, background monitoring computer and other equipment. Automatic variable frequency constant pressure water supply system with minimum safe water supply guarantee. The system can not only automatically switch on each other through abnormal stop of motor to ensure the lowest safe water consumption of the system, but also realize the operation of variable frequency constant water pressure when large flow water supply is realized by automatic switching of variable frequency motor. It can effectively solve the shortcomings of traditional water supply, and has higher reliability of water supply and obvious benefit of energy saving. By using the remote monitoring function of backstage computer, the system improves the automation degree of the system and the efficiency of abnormal handling of faults, strengthens the level of controlled management in production and operation, and greatly reduces the labor load of the front-line workers. Firstly, based on the theory that the output power of the motor is proportional to the third power of the pump speed, the energy saving principle of the variable frequency constant pressure water supply system is analyzed, and the control model and approximate mathematical model of the system are established. The closed loop control of the speed regulation system is realized by configuring the PID module of the inverter. The total flow of water supply is based on the combination of power frequency machine and pump mutual input and security water supply and variable frequency machine pump grading regulation and water supply, which can not only guarantee the minimum safe water supply flow, but also ensure the high flow constant pressure water supply and save energy. Secondly, the paper discusses the reasons and means of using two motors to supply the lowest security water supply, and discusses the effective water supply state and switching conditions under the parallel water supply mode of four water pump units. This paper studies the conversion process, existing problems and countermeasures of the motor running from frequency conversion to power frequency, and puts forward the program flow of PLC control software and the electric control scheme. The programming of PLC software, the setting of PID parameters and the setting of relay protection of motor are discussed. Finally, by studying the communication between computer and PLC and its hardware connection, this paper discusses the hardware and software settings of computer communication and monitoring network, and realizes the remote monitoring and fault alarm function of water supply system by using the built-in communication module of the equipment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TP273;TU991.4
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條
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