哈爾濱農(nóng)民回遷居住小區(qū)外環(huán)境景觀設(shè)計研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-01-28 19:45
【摘要】：隨著農(nóng)村在城市化發(fā)展過程中的逐漸解體,農(nóng)民失去了其賴以生存的土地,被迫遷入由政府統(tǒng)一籌建于城鄉(xiāng)交錯帶的農(nóng)民回遷居住區(qū),這就意味著人們將失去其熟悉的生活方式和居住環(huán)境。隨著農(nóng)民回遷者行為模式、風俗習慣與城市生活間矛盾的凸顯,人們將面臨著人際交往匱乏、鄰里關(guān)系淡化、人文關(guān)懷不足、居住安全隱患等問題。這些問題主要體現(xiàn)在農(nóng)民回遷居住區(qū)戶外環(huán)境與失地農(nóng)民的生活習慣、傳統(tǒng)風俗、地域文化、審美觀的不相適應(yīng)上,會對農(nóng)民生活、心理產(chǎn)生極大負面影響,對城市發(fā)展起到了極大的阻礙作用,不利于社會的和諧穩(wěn)定。然而國內(nèi)外在農(nóng)民回遷居住區(qū)領(lǐng)域的研究極為薄弱,這就使得對農(nóng)民回遷居住區(qū)戶外空間景觀設(shè)計的研究尤為重要、迫切,并具有極高的現(xiàn)實意義。 本文采用理論與實踐相結(jié)合的方法,首先論述了國內(nèi)外回遷居住區(qū)相關(guān)研究狀況,指出現(xiàn)階段學者們很少從農(nóng)民對居住環(huán)境需求角度進行研究,此方面研究有待深入。在對農(nóng)民回遷居住區(qū)相關(guān)概念進行了界定的基礎(chǔ)上,以哈爾濱失地失宅回遷農(nóng)民為研究對象,采用訪談記錄法和實地觀察法對哈爾濱現(xiàn)有回遷性質(zhì)居住區(qū)戶外環(huán)境進行實地調(diào)研,全面了解了農(nóng)民回遷者特有的人口構(gòu)成、生活方式、風俗文化特征、空間使用需求、景觀審美特點、景觀安全意識等狀況,總結(jié)了哈爾濱農(nóng)民回遷住區(qū)戶外環(huán)境建設(shè)所存在的系列問題。最后,以馬洛斯需求層次、行為與空間關(guān)系理論、景觀美學理論及人性化設(shè)計理論為理論指導,結(jié)合哈爾濱失地失宅農(nóng)民對回遷居住環(huán)境的各項需求,從居住區(qū)總體布局規(guī)劃、公共空間設(shè)計、視覺景觀設(shè)計、公共設(shè)施設(shè)計等方面對回遷居住區(qū)戶外空間環(huán)境進行了案例設(shè)計研究,處處體現(xiàn)農(nóng)民的所思所想,以建設(shè)出農(nóng)民回遷者所期望的居住區(qū)戶外空間環(huán)境。 研究強調(diào),農(nóng)民回遷居住區(qū)戶外空間景觀設(shè)計應(yīng)著眼于農(nóng)民這一特殊群體,以農(nóng)民實際情況及需求為切入點,應(yīng)區(qū)別于城市居民景觀需求及城市社區(qū)景觀設(shè)計模式,有一套自己的設(shè)計體系。農(nóng)民回遷居住區(qū)戶外空間環(huán)境設(shè)計應(yīng)以人性化、鄉(xiāng)土化、安全化、美觀化為基本原則,針對農(nóng)民偏好大尺度空間和喜愛人工味濃、視覺沖擊力強、現(xiàn)代化景觀及重視傳統(tǒng)習俗的特點,提出提煉“田”字布局骨架、宅間組團院落式設(shè)計、空間功能復(fù)合化設(shè)計、可游戲人行街道設(shè)計、花園式宅間綠地設(shè)計、視覺景觀營造和景觀安全化設(shè)計等滿足于農(nóng)民審美特點、行為需求的戶外空間設(shè)計建議,以解決農(nóng)民回遷者對新環(huán)境的不適應(yīng)、不融入、不使用等問題,協(xié)調(diào)人與居住區(qū)環(huán)境間關(guān)系,保障農(nóng)民和住區(qū)、農(nóng)民和社會的和諧與持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:With the gradual disintegration of the rural areas in the process of urbanization, the peasants lost the land on which they depended and were forced to move into the residential areas of the peasants who were built by the government in the ecotone of urban and rural areas. This means that people will lose their familiar way of life and living environment. With the behavior pattern of peasants returning to the city and the contradiction between custom and city life, people will be faced with problems such as lack of interpersonal communication, desalination of neighborhood relationship, lack of humanistic concern, hidden danger of residential security and so on. These problems are mainly reflected in the fact that the outdoor environment of the peasants moving back to the residential areas is incompatible with the living habits, traditional customs, regional culture, and aesthetic standards of the landless peasants, which will have a great negative impact on the peasants' lives and psychology. Urban development has played a great role in hindering the social harmony and stability. However, the domestic and foreign research in the field of peasants returning to residential areas is very weak, which makes the study of outdoor space landscape design is particularly important and urgent, and has a very high practical significance. This article adopts the method of combining theory and practice, first of all, it discusses the related research situation of the domestic and foreign residential areas, and points out that at present, scholars seldom study from the perspective of farmers' demand for the living environment, and this aspect of research needs to be further studied. On the basis of the definition of the related concepts of the peasants returning to the residential areas, this paper takes the peasants who have lost their land and lost their homes in Harbin as the research object. By using the method of interview record and field observation to investigate the outdoor environment of the existing residential areas in Harbin, the author has a comprehensive understanding of the unique population composition, life style, customs and cultural characteristics, space use needs of the peasants returning home. Based on the aesthetic characteristics of landscape and the consciousness of landscape safety, this paper sums up a series of problems existing in the outdoor environment construction of Harbin peasants' returning residence. Finally, under the guidance of the hierarchy of needs of Maros, the theory of relationship between behavior and space, the theory of landscape aesthetics and the theory of humanized design, combined with the needs of the land-lost peasants in Harbin for the living environment, the overall layout of residential areas is planned. In the aspects of public space design, visual landscape design, public facilities design and so on, the case study of outdoor space environment of returning residential area is carried out, which embodies the farmers' thoughts and thoughts everywhere. In order to construct the outdoor space environment of the living area expected by the peasants returning home. The study emphasizes that the outdoor space landscape design of the rural residents should focus on the farmers as a special group, take the farmers' actual situation and demand as the breakthrough point, and be different from the urban residents' landscape needs and the urban community landscape design mode. Have a set of their own design system. The outdoor space environment design of the peasants' returning residence should be based on the basic principles of humanization, localization, safety and aesthetics, aiming at the farmers' preference for large scale space and the love of artificial taste, and the strong visual impact. The characteristics of modern landscape and traditional customs are put forward, such as refining the layout skeleton of "field", designing house group courtyard, compound space function, designing street with games, designing green space between garden houses, and so on. Visual landscape construction and landscape security design are satisfied with the aesthetic characteristics of farmers and behavioral needs of outdoor space design proposals, to solve the problem of farmers who do not adapt to the new environment, do not integrate, do not use, and so on. The harmony and sustainable development of farmers and settlements, farmers and society should be ensured by coordinating the relationship between the environment and the residential areas.
【學位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU984.12
本文編號：2417259
[Abstract]:With the gradual disintegration of the rural areas in the process of urbanization, the peasants lost the land on which they depended and were forced to move into the residential areas of the peasants who were built by the government in the ecotone of urban and rural areas. This means that people will lose their familiar way of life and living environment. With the behavior pattern of peasants returning to the city and the contradiction between custom and city life, people will be faced with problems such as lack of interpersonal communication, desalination of neighborhood relationship, lack of humanistic concern, hidden danger of residential security and so on. These problems are mainly reflected in the fact that the outdoor environment of the peasants moving back to the residential areas is incompatible with the living habits, traditional customs, regional culture, and aesthetic standards of the landless peasants, which will have a great negative impact on the peasants' lives and psychology. Urban development has played a great role in hindering the social harmony and stability. However, the domestic and foreign research in the field of peasants returning to residential areas is very weak, which makes the study of outdoor space landscape design is particularly important and urgent, and has a very high practical significance. This article adopts the method of combining theory and practice, first of all, it discusses the related research situation of the domestic and foreign residential areas, and points out that at present, scholars seldom study from the perspective of farmers' demand for the living environment, and this aspect of research needs to be further studied. On the basis of the definition of the related concepts of the peasants returning to the residential areas, this paper takes the peasants who have lost their land and lost their homes in Harbin as the research object. By using the method of interview record and field observation to investigate the outdoor environment of the existing residential areas in Harbin, the author has a comprehensive understanding of the unique population composition, life style, customs and cultural characteristics, space use needs of the peasants returning home. Based on the aesthetic characteristics of landscape and the consciousness of landscape safety, this paper sums up a series of problems existing in the outdoor environment construction of Harbin peasants' returning residence. Finally, under the guidance of the hierarchy of needs of Maros, the theory of relationship between behavior and space, the theory of landscape aesthetics and the theory of humanized design, combined with the needs of the land-lost peasants in Harbin for the living environment, the overall layout of residential areas is planned. In the aspects of public space design, visual landscape design, public facilities design and so on, the case study of outdoor space environment of returning residential area is carried out, which embodies the farmers' thoughts and thoughts everywhere. In order to construct the outdoor space environment of the living area expected by the peasants returning home. The study emphasizes that the outdoor space landscape design of the rural residents should focus on the farmers as a special group, take the farmers' actual situation and demand as the breakthrough point, and be different from the urban residents' landscape needs and the urban community landscape design mode. Have a set of their own design system. The outdoor space environment design of the peasants' returning residence should be based on the basic principles of humanization, localization, safety and aesthetics, aiming at the farmers' preference for large scale space and the love of artificial taste, and the strong visual impact. The characteristics of modern landscape and traditional customs are put forward, such as refining the layout skeleton of "field", designing house group courtyard, compound space function, designing street with games, designing green space between garden houses, and so on. Visual landscape construction and landscape security design are satisfied with the aesthetic characteristics of farmers and behavioral needs of outdoor space design proposals, to solve the problem of farmers who do not adapt to the new environment, do not integrate, do not use, and so on. The harmony and sustainable development of farmers and settlements, farmers and society should be ensured by coordinating the relationship between the environment and the residential areas.
【學位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU984.12
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