發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-26 09:09

【摘要】：蜂窩式鋼構(gòu)件是將H型鋼或工字型鋼在腹板上開孔所形成有孔洞的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件,開孔的方式分為兩種,一種是在型鋼的腹板上按一定要求直接打孔,另一種是在腹板上沿一定的折線或者圓弧線切割然后錯(cuò)位焊接所形成的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件。我國(guó)目前主要把蜂窩式鋼結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件應(yīng)用于較大跨度的受彎構(gòu)件和對(duì)外觀美感有要求的框架式結(jié)構(gòu),蜂窩式構(gòu)件既節(jié)約材料,在建筑中又便于水暖電的管線進(jìn)行鋪設(shè),而且還可以適當(dāng)?shù)臏p小樓層高度,有很多其他結(jié)構(gòu)所沒有的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。鑒于蜂窩式鋼結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的各種優(yōu)點(diǎn),蜂窩式鋼結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件目前的應(yīng)用廣泛。從二十世紀(jì)六十年代開始,歐洲一些國(guó)家及日本就開始應(yīng)用蜂窩鋼框架結(jié)構(gòu),還針對(duì)蜂窩式鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的應(yīng)用制定了規(guī)范和相關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。近年來,我國(guó)對(duì)于蜂窩式鋼結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的應(yīng)用也越來越多,并且在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域取得了很好的社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。為了滿足國(guó)內(nèi)實(shí)際工程對(duì)蜂窩式鋼結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的應(yīng)用需求,使蜂窩式鋼結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的應(yīng)用更加普遍,應(yīng)該針對(duì)蜂窩式鋼結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的相關(guān)關(guān)鍵問題進(jìn)行深入的研究。蜂窩式鋼構(gòu)件多數(shù)需采用焊接方法加工,而焊接過程中要將焊件先進(jìn)行局部的加熱,局部的加熱導(dǎo)致焊件中溫度的不均勻分布,而且在焊接過程中,構(gòu)件內(nèi)部的溫度分布還將不斷變化；另外,由于焊接溫度很高,一般均超出母材或焊料的熔化溫度,在冷卻的時(shí)候又由于溫度降低的速度不均勻,產(chǎn)生的塑性變形之間互相約束,使構(gòu)件內(nèi)部有殘余應(yīng)力存在。這種殘余應(yīng)力,就稱之為焊接殘余應(yīng)力。相對(duì)于蜂窩式鋼構(gòu)件穩(wěn)定性方面的研究對(duì)蜂窩式鋼構(gòu)件焊接殘余應(yīng)力方面的研究還基本處于空白狀態(tài),我國(guó)也沒有制定相應(yīng)的技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)指導(dǎo)工程設(shè)計(jì)和施工。針對(duì)上述問題,本課題主要采用試驗(yàn)研究的方法,以八根開孔蜂窩式構(gòu)件和兩根實(shí)腹式鋼構(gòu)件為研究對(duì)象,分別進(jìn)行了焊接殘余應(yīng)力分布的試驗(yàn)。通過不同構(gòu)件的焊接殘余應(yīng)力的分布,分析了不同孔型、不同開孔方式、不同開孔率、不同腹板高厚比等參數(shù)對(duì)蜂窩式鋼結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件焊接殘余應(yīng)力的影響。為深入研究蜂窩構(gòu)件相關(guān)問題奠定了基礎(chǔ),并為工程應(yīng)用提供了參考。為后續(xù)理論的研究的進(jìn)一步開展打下了良好的基礎(chǔ),并提供了有力的試驗(yàn)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Honeycomb steel members are steel structural members with holes formed by the opening of H-shaped steel or I-shaped steel on the web plate. The way of opening holes is divided into two types: one is to directly punch holes on the web of the section steel according to certain requirements. The other is the steel structure which is formed by cutting along a certain line or arc wire on the web and then displacing welding. At present, honeycomb steel structural members are mainly used in long-span flexural members and framing structures which are required for aesthetic appearance. Honeycomb members not only save materials, but also are convenient for laying pipeline of water, heating and electricity in buildings. But also can reduce the floor height appropriately, has many other structure does not have the advantage. In view of the various advantages of honeycomb steel structure members, honeycomb steel structure members are widely used at present. Since the 1960s, some European countries and Japan began to apply honeycomb steel frame structures, and also formulated specifications and related design standards for the application of honeycomb steel structures. In recent years, more and more honeycomb steel structural members have been applied in China, and good social and economic benefits have been obtained in various fields. In order to meet the application demand of honeycomb steel structural members in China and make the application of honeycomb steel structural members more common, it is necessary to deeply study the key issues related to honeycomb steel structural members. Most honeycomb steel members need to be processed by welding method, but in the welding process, the welding parts should be heated first, and the local heating will lead to the uneven distribution of the temperature in the welding parts, and in the welding process, The temperature distribution inside the component will change constantly; In addition, due to the high welding temperature, which generally exceeds the melting temperature of the base metal or solder, during cooling, the plastic deformation caused by the uneven decrease of the temperature constrains each other, resulting in the existence of residual stress in the component. This kind of residual stress is called welding residual stress. Compared with the research on the stability of honeycomb steel members, the research on the welding residual stress of honeycomb steel members is still in a blank state, and the corresponding technical standards have not been formulated in China to guide the engineering design and construction. In order to solve the above problems, the experiment of welding residual stress distribution was carried out on eight honeycomb members with holes and two solid steel members. Through the distribution of welding residual stress of different components, the effects of different pass types, different ways of opening, different opening rate and different ratio of web height to thickness on the welding residual stress of honeycomb steel structures are analyzed. It lays a foundation for further research on honeycomb components and provides a reference for engineering application. It lays a good foundation for the further development of the following theoretical research and provides a strong experimental basis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU391

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