【摘要】：人類不同地域的文明早就認識到環(huán)境對康健的影響,隨著機械醫(yī)學模式的建立,醫(yī)院和景觀分離。1946年世界衛(wèi)生組織否定了原先“無病即健康”的觀點,指出健康是指體、精神和社會生活的良好狀態(tài),不僅是軀體沒有疾病,還包括健康的心理和良好的社會適應(yīng)能力。1977年恩格爾提出生物—心理—環(huán)境醫(yī)學模式,人們認識到心理和精神的健康的重要性。人們進一步認識到環(huán)境對健康的影響,醫(yī)療和景觀再次結(jié)合,康復(fù)景觀再度受到青睞,進入快速發(fā)展時期。隨著我國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,人們對健康的需求也不斷的提高,康復(fù)景觀的研究現(xiàn)狀和人們的需求形成矛盾。本文通過文獻查閱、綜合分析和實地考察著力于康復(fù)景觀理論和實踐的研究,以期對康復(fù)景觀的研究有一定的借鑒意義。 (1)本文介紹了康復(fù)景觀及其相關(guān)的概念(環(huán)境養(yǎng)生學、環(huán)境養(yǎng)生法),康復(fù)景觀是指能夠幫助使用者在體格上、精神上、社會上和經(jīng)濟上恢復(fù)良好的狀態(tài)的自然和人文景觀。按照其存在的場所和不同的參與方法對康復(fù)景觀進行分類。整理了康復(fù)景觀的發(fā)展歷程和現(xiàn)狀。 (2)總結(jié)了康復(fù)景觀的理論基礎(chǔ)如壓力痊愈理論、注意力恢復(fù)理論、自然干預(yù)論、感覺控制論、社交活動論、身體鍛煉論。提出康復(fù)景觀的理論研究應(yīng)該結(jié)合中醫(yī)的養(yǎng)生和醫(yī)療思想,如陰陽理論和五行理論。研究了康復(fù)景觀的三維作用機理。 (3)提出了康復(fù)景觀的設(shè)計原則,如安全性原則、提供運動空間和設(shè)施、可見性原則、空間和設(shè)施的豐富性原則、舒適性原則、私密性原則、親和性原則、易于維護原則等。研究了軟質(zhì)要素和硬質(zhì)要素的設(shè)計要點。 (4)針對現(xiàn)在康復(fù)景觀常見問題,綜合分析了蘇州太湖西山療養(yǎng)院可以吸取的經(jīng)驗和教訓(xùn)。 (5)總結(jié)了本文研究的存在的問題和不足,提出康復(fù)景觀的發(fā)展趨勢。
[Abstract]:Civilization in different regions of mankind has long recognized the impact of the environment on health. With the establishment of the mechanical medicine model, hospitals were separated from the landscape. In 1946, the World Health Organization rejected the original view that "no disease is health" and pointed out that health refers to body. The state of good mental and social life, not only in the absence of disease in the body, but also in healthy psychology and good social adaptability. In 1977 Engel proposed the Bio-Psycho-Environmental Medicine Model. People realize the importance of mental and mental health. It is further recognized that the influence of environment on health, the combination of medical treatment and landscape, the rehabilitation landscape being favored again, and entering the period of rapid development. With the development of China's economy, people's demand for health is also increasing, the research status of rehabilitation landscape and people's needs form a contradiction. Through literature review, comprehensive analysis and field investigation, this paper focuses on the theory and practice of rehabilitation landscape, in order to provide some reference for the study of rehabilitation landscape. (1) this paper introduces rehabilitation landscape and its related concepts (environmental health preservation, environmental health preservation method), rehabilitation landscape is to help users physically, spiritually, Social and economic restoration of the natural and human landscape in good condition. The rehabilitation landscape was classified according to the location of its existence and different methods of participation. The development course and present situation of rehabilitation landscape were sorted out. (2) the theoretical basis of rehabilitation landscape such as stress recovery theory, attention recovery theory, natural intervention theory, sensory cybernetics, social activity theory and physical exercise theory are summarized. The theory of rehabilitation landscape should be combined with the health care and medical thoughts of TCM, such as the theory of yin and yang and the theory of five elements. The three-dimensional mechanism of rehabilitation landscape was studied. (3) the design principles of rehabilitation landscape are put forward, such as safety principle, providing sports space and facilities, visible principle, richness principle of space and facility, comfort principle, privacy principle, affinity principle, easy maintenance principle, etc. The design essentials of soft and hard elements are studied. (4) aiming at the common problems of rehabilitation landscape, the experiences and lessons of Suzhou Taihu West Mountain sanatorium are analyzed. (5) the existing problems and shortcomings of this paper are summarized, and the development trend of rehabilitation landscape is put forward.
【學位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU984.14

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