【摘要】：太陽能是無限量清潔能源，對當(dāng)前面臨能源與環(huán)境問題雙重壓力的人類社會來說，具有巨大的誘惑力。但基于太陽輻射能量密度低的特性，太陽能的規(guī)�；檬冀K是難以解決的問題。本文以一棟小規(guī)模建筑為對象，進(jìn)行以太陽能為單一熱源的建筑供熱技術(shù)與應(yīng)用研究，以期提高太陽能在建筑中應(yīng)用的比例。 在綜述了前人研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上，論述了太陽能利用方法以及對緩解目前的能源與環(huán)境問題的重要意義。以太陽能熱利用為目標(biāo)，闡述了主要計(jì)算方法。以秦皇島市山海關(guān)區(qū)一棟小型別墅為對象，具體進(jìn)行了太陽能熱利用的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算工作。確定了太陽能采暖系統(tǒng)的儲熱水箱、太陽能集熱器的具體規(guī)格尺寸。 設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算結(jié)果表明，以太陽能為單一熱源，按傳統(tǒng)供熱及模式供熱，需要龐大的水箱，占據(jù)較大的建筑空間，尤其是需要很大的集熱器面積，將導(dǎo)致初投資的增大。這些是利用太陽能單一熱源采暖的主要技術(shù)障礙。為解決這些技術(shù)問題，本文提出了單一太陽能熱源供熱與分室調(diào)節(jié)相結(jié)合的供熱方案，從而把集熱器面積和儲熱水箱容積降低三分之二以上，達(dá)到目前條件下可以被接受的狀態(tài)。 近似按理論計(jì)算結(jié)果設(shè)計(jì)、建設(shè)的太陽能采暖系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行結(jié)果表明，采暖效果符合國家相關(guān)技術(shù)規(guī)范，而且由于采用低溫地板輻射供暖系統(tǒng)，分室調(diào)節(jié)問題很容易解決。由此證明，太陽能單一熱源供暖系統(tǒng)必須與分室調(diào)節(jié)運(yùn)行方案相結(jié)合，才能滿足建筑供熱需求。 論文的研究工作還表明，太陽能的低密度和波動(dòng)問題是客觀存在的，是無法改變的，提高太陽能集熱器集熱效率也很有限。所以，，試圖在大型建筑中采用單一太陽能熱源供熱是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的，而必須與其他熱源相結(jié)合。由于太陽能集熱器的面積受到安裝空間和初投資的限制，規(guī)模越大的建筑，可利用太陽能供熱的比例就越低。但是，我國廣大農(nóng)村和小城鎮(zhèn)，由于居民住宅及部分公用建筑規(guī)模不大，以太陽能為單一熱源的建筑采暖技術(shù)具有廣闊的推廣應(yīng)用前景，可為我國的節(jié)能減排工作做出重要貢獻(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:Solar energy is an unlimited clean energy, which is a great attraction to the human society, which is facing the double pressure of energy and environment. However, because of the low energy density of solar radiation, it is always difficult to solve the problem of solar energy utilization on a large scale. Taking a small scale building as an object, this paper studies the heating technology and application of building with solar energy as a single heat source, in order to increase the proportion of solar energy applied in the building. On the basis of summarizing the previous research results, this paper discusses the methods of solar energy utilization and its significance in alleviating the current energy and environmental problems. Taking solar energy thermal utilization as the goal, the main calculation methods are expounded. Taking a small villa in Shanhaiguan District of Qinhuangdao City as an object, the design and calculation of solar thermal utilization are carried out. The size of hot water storage tank and solar collector of solar heating system is determined. The results of design and calculation show that solar energy as a single heat source, traditional heating and mode heating, need a large water tank, occupy a large building space, especially need a large collector area, which will lead to the increase of initial investment. These are the main technical obstacles to the use of solar single heat source heating. In order to solve these technical problems, this paper puts forward a heating scheme combining single solar heat source heating with chamber regulation, thus reducing the collector area and the volume of the hot water storage tank by more than 2/3. Reach an acceptable state under current conditions. The operating results of the solar heating system based on the theoretical calculation results show that the heating effect accords with the relevant technical specifications of the country, and because of the use of low temperature floor radiation heating system, the partition adjustment problem is easy to solve. It is proved that the solar single heat source heating system must be combined with the operation scheme of the chamber adjustment to meet the building heating demand. The research work also shows that the problem of low density and fluctuation of solar energy is objective and can not be changed, and the efficiency of solar collector is also very limited. Therefore, it is not realistic to try to use a single solar heat source in large buildings, but must be combined with other heat sources. Because the area of solar collector is limited by installation space and initial investment, the larger the building is, the lower the proportion of solar heating can be. However, due to the small scale of residential buildings and some public buildings in the vast rural areas and small towns in China, the building heating technology with solar energy as a single heat source has a broad prospect of popularization and application. It can make an important contribution to energy saving and emission reduction in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU832.17

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