【摘要】：混凝土因其優(yōu)越的性能和低廉的價(jià)格而得到廣泛應(yīng)用，但同時(shí)其易受到外界污染物質(zhì)的侵入而受到腐蝕，因此混凝土的防護(hù)成為人們研究的熱點(diǎn)。與其他防護(hù)涂料相比，硅烷防護(hù)劑因其具有一定的滲透性、防水效果好、防護(hù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)而倍受青睞。本文簡(jiǎn)單介紹了有機(jī)硅防護(hù)劑的防護(hù)原理及發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，以及針對(duì)目前國(guó)內(nèi)硅烷生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)率低下、環(huán)境污染嚴(yán)重、易揮發(fā)等問(wèn)題，本文進(jìn)行了一定的研究，主要的研究?jī)?nèi)容如下： （1）根據(jù)反應(yīng)特征，選取并制備適當(dāng)?shù)拇呋瘎�。研究結(jié)果表明：使用均相鉑配體催化劑能有效促進(jìn)反應(yīng)的進(jìn)行，并且催化選擇性好、成本低、反應(yīng)易于實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)化。實(shí)驗(yàn)制備了五種均相鉑配體催化劑。 （2）以烯烴和TES為原料，在自制鉑催化劑的催化下，采用硅氫加成的方法合成得到硅烷，以解決其生產(chǎn)過(guò)程污染嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。并以葵基三乙氧基硅烷合成為例，對(duì)生產(chǎn)工藝進(jìn)行了探討。研究表明：以Pt-乙烯基雙封頭為催化劑、以Pt計(jì)，n(Pt)/n(TES)=12.0×10-6、原料配比n(C10)/n(TES)=0.95、O2作為助催化劑，在110℃下反應(yīng)4h，能得到產(chǎn)率為97.15%的葵基三乙氧基硅烷，且生產(chǎn)成本最低。 （3）采用外加乳化劑的辦法對(duì)自制的硅烷進(jìn)行乳化，，制備了10種滲透型硅烷防護(hù)膏體，并以葵基三乙氧基硅烷膏體的制備為例，對(duì)乳化工藝進(jìn)行了研究。結(jié)果表明：以Gransurf61和Gransurf71等質(zhì)量復(fù)配而成的復(fù)配乳化劑用量為4.0%，所制備得到的葵基三乙氧基硅烷膏體粒徑分布均勻，蒸發(fā)率最低，穩(wěn)定性最好。其在50℃下能保存10天，室溫下有40天以上的保存期。 （4）對(duì)所制備的硅烷膏體進(jìn)行了接觸角、吸水率和滲透深度分析，結(jié)果表明：經(jīng)過(guò)10種硅烷膏體產(chǎn)品防護(hù)的混凝土其表面與水的接觸角都大于129.7°、吸水率降低量大于91.53%、滲透深度大于3.0mm，滿足防護(hù)要求；且復(fù)合型硅烷防護(hù)膏體的綜合防護(hù)性能最好；涂布次數(shù)的增加有利于提高混凝土的防護(hù)效果。
[Abstract]:Concrete is widely used because of its superior performance and low price, but at the same time, it is easy to be corroded by external pollutants. Therefore, the protection of concrete has become a hot research topic. Compared with other protective coatings, silane protectors are favored for their permeability, waterproof effect and long protective time. In this paper, the protection principle and development status of silicone protectants are briefly introduced, and some problems, such as low production rate of silane, serious environmental pollution, easy volatilization and so on, are studied in this paper. The main contents are as follows: (1) according to the characteristics of the reaction, appropriate catalysts were selected and prepared. The results show that the use of homogeneous platinum ligand catalyst can effectively promote the reaction, and the catalytic selectivity is good, the cost is low, and the reaction is easy to realize industrialization. Five kinds of homogeneous platinum ligand catalysts were prepared. (2) Silane was synthesized from olefin and TES by hydrosilylation under the catalysis of self-made platinum catalyst, so as to solve the problem of serious pollution in the production process. The synthetic process of sunflower triethoxy silane was discussed. The results showed that Pt- vinyl double capping was used as catalyst, n (Pt) / n (TES) = 12.0 脳 10 ~ (-6) for Pt, n (C _ (10) / n (TES) = 0.95O _ 2 as co-catalyst at 110 鈩

本文編號(hào)：2372610