【摘要】：液壓挖掘機(jī)作為重要的工程機(jī)械,在各項(xiàng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的建設(shè)中扮演著重要的角色。其主要工作裝置在三個液壓缸的驅(qū)動下完成各種作業(yè)動作,主要工作裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)性能直接決定工作時機(jī)器的靈活性、安全性,并影響其工作效率。挖掘機(jī)工作環(huán)境惡劣,運(yùn)動形式復(fù)雜多變,工作部件經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)局部甚至整體損壞,但是在設(shè)計之初各個部件的強(qiáng)度都是滿足工作要求的。針對運(yùn)動中的損壞,對結(jié)構(gòu)的改進(jìn)和優(yōu)化一直是研究的難題。本文以某型號的液壓挖掘機(jī)為研究對象,針對以上問題完成了以下幾個方面的研究工作： (1)對液壓挖掘機(jī)的主要工作裝置進(jìn)行了運(yùn)動學(xué)和動力學(xué)的建模和理論分析,分析找出了不同挖掘方式下計算挖掘力、挖掘阻力和各個鉸銷點(diǎn)受力的方法,為后續(xù)的動力學(xué)仿真和有限元分析奠定了理論依據(jù)。 (2)以Solidworks和ADAMS軟件為工具,建立了液壓挖掘機(jī)的虛擬樣機(jī)模型,通過仿真獲得了整機(jī)的工作范圍圖和整個工作過程中各個鉸銷點(diǎn)的受力曲線圖,為部件的強(qiáng)度分析提供了依據(jù)。對動臂的幾個關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了參數(shù)化設(shè)計,選擇動臂與機(jī)身鉸接點(diǎn)處的受力作為優(yōu)化的設(shè)計變量并進(jìn)行分析優(yōu)化,找出了對結(jié)果影響較大的設(shè)計變量。通過優(yōu)化改善了鉸接點(diǎn)的受力,在一定程度上提高了工作裝置的可靠性和安全性。 (3)在ANSYS Workbench環(huán)境下建立了挖掘機(jī)工作裝置的有限元模型,通過分析計算得到了三種工況下動臂和斗桿的應(yīng)力和應(yīng)變云圖,分析結(jié)果并對動臂的應(yīng)力集中區(qū)域進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn),優(yōu)化后的應(yīng)力和應(yīng)變較改進(jìn)前分布更加均勻,保證了挖掘機(jī)工作的可靠性。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic excavator, as an important construction machinery, plays an important role in the construction of infrastructure. The main working device is driven by three hydraulic cylinders to complete all kinds of operations. The structure and performance of the main working device directly determine the flexibility and safety of the machine and affect its working efficiency. The working environment of excavator is bad, the movement form is complex and changeable, the working parts are often damaged locally or as a whole, but at the beginning of design, the strength of each component can meet the requirements of work. The improvement and optimization of the structure is always a difficult problem for the damage in motion. In this paper, a certain type of hydraulic excavator is taken as the research object, and the following research work is accomplished in view of the above problems: (1) the kinematics and dynamics modeling and theoretical analysis of the main working devices of the hydraulic excavator are carried out. The methods of calculating excavation force, excavating resistance and the force of each hinge pin point under different excavation methods are analyzed and found out, which lays a theoretical foundation for the subsequent dynamic simulation and finite element analysis. (2) the virtual prototype model of hydraulic excavator is established by using Solidworks and ADAMS software. Through simulation, the working range diagram of the whole machine and the stress curve of each hinge pin point in the whole working process are obtained. It provides the basis for the strength analysis of the components. Parameterized design of several key points of the arm is carried out. The force at the joint point between the arm and the fuselage is selected as the optimum design variable, and the design variables which have a great influence on the results are found out. The stress of hinge joint is improved by optimization, and the reliability and safety of the working device are improved to a certain extent. (3) the finite element model of the excavator working device is established under ANSYS Workbench environment. The stress and strain cloud diagrams of the moving arm and the bucket rod under three working conditions are obtained through analysis and calculation. The results are analyzed and the structure of the stress concentration area of the moving arm is improved. The stress and strain distribution after optimization is more uniform than that before improvement, which ensures the working reliability of excavator.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU621

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 羅剛;陳茂林;劉釗;姚俊;;斗山DH80-7挖掘機(jī)整機(jī)挖掘力下的鉸點(diǎn)力計算[J];中國工程機(jī)械學(xué)報;2009年02期

2 史青錄;張福生;連晉毅;;挖掘機(jī)動臂強(qiáng)度對比分析[J];工程機(jī)械;2009年07期

3 李紅勛;劉輝;徐更杰;張?zhí)烊?汪正西;;挖掘機(jī)主要部件的虛擬樣機(jī)仿真分析[J];工程機(jī)械;2009年10期

4 成凱;張靜;王鵬宇;戴群亮;李文新;;挖掘機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)建模與仿真[J];工程機(jī)械;2010年08期

5 陳正利;;中國小型挖掘機(jī)市場現(xiàn)狀及其廣闊的發(fā)展空間[J];工程機(jī)械與維修;2008年01期

6 李瑞濤,方湄,張文明,彭龍洲;虛擬樣機(jī)技術(shù)的概念及應(yīng)用[J];金屬礦山;2000年07期

7 馮景華,吳南星,余冬玲;機(jī)械系統(tǒng)動態(tài)仿真技術(shù)及ADAMS的理論基礎(chǔ)研究[J];機(jī)械設(shè)計與制造;2004年02期

8 李丹;李印川;;虛擬樣機(jī)技術(shù)在制造業(yè)中的應(yīng)用及研究現(xiàn)狀[J];機(jī)械;2008年06期

9 史青錄;連晉毅;林慕義;;挖掘機(jī)最大理論挖掘力的確定[J];太原科技大學(xué)學(xué)報;2007年01期

10 王侃;楊秀梅;;虛擬樣機(jī)技術(shù)綜述[J];新技術(shù)新工藝;2008年03期

，

本文編號：2365033