【摘要】：開埠建筑是近代中國開埠歷史的必然產(chǎn)物。各地開埠建筑的風(fēng)格不僅受當(dāng)?shù)鬲?dú)特自然地理及政治因素的影響,同時也是當(dāng)時的生活觀念及行為方式等人文因素的真實寫照,記錄著地域民族文化與舶來的“洋建筑”之間的碰撞、融合直至新生的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。同樣,作為我國近代歷史文脈的重要組成部分,開埠建筑在體現(xiàn)當(dāng)?shù)爻鞘邪l(fā)展的歷史脈絡(luò)、凸顯城市地域性特色等方面也扮演了重要的角色。但在全球建筑風(fēng)格趨同化,以及我國現(xiàn)代城市建設(shè)大發(fā)展對于各種現(xiàn)代風(fēng)格速生建筑的巨大需求,加之部分反殖民化思潮的影響下,設(shè)計者們只能更多地傾向于時代建筑設(shè)計的要求而偏離地域性風(fēng)格越來越遠(yuǎn),建筑設(shè)計元素的地域感和歷史感被過分淡化,遠(yuǎn)不足以撐起地域歷史文化特色的重?fù)?dān)。在近年來的城市改造與重建過程中,人們雖然已經(jīng)開始關(guān)注當(dāng)?shù)靥厣_埠建筑在城市建筑設(shè)計中的影響,但絕大多數(shù)成果都僅僅局限于對一時一地的開埠建筑形態(tài)及功能等方面的研究,而缺乏地域之間開埠建筑特色的比較,這樣就忽略了本土地域特色對開埠建筑形態(tài)特征的影響和改造。綜合以上因素,如何以本土地域特色為基礎(chǔ),使開埠建筑元素重新煥發(fā)生機(jī)、促成開埠建筑與新建筑間新舊風(fēng)格的完美融合,重塑其作為城市重要核心的歷史地位,無論是從歷史文化延續(xù)的角度,還是城市面貌建設(shè)的角度,都是一個需要深入細(xì)致研究而又亟待解決的問題。認(rèn)識到開埠建筑在城市歷史文脈中的重要價值,并發(fā)現(xiàn)總結(jié)出當(dāng)代城市建設(shè)中存在的問題之后,我們便需要在國內(nèi)對開埠建筑研究的基礎(chǔ)上,借鑒國外相關(guān)相關(guān)先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗,尋求將開埠建筑這一歷史文化元素的獨(dú)創(chuàng)性及其歷史價值延續(xù)并發(fā)展下去的方法途徑。一方面要從保護(hù)城市歷史印記的觀點出發(fā),對具有重大紀(jì)念意義和歷史價值的開埠建筑物、歷史街區(qū)進(jìn)行妥善的保護(hù)和修繕;另一方面要從與時俱進(jìn)的觀點出發(fā),探求開埠建筑在城市建設(shè)新時期中如何與諸多現(xiàn)代建筑和諧共存、如何與本土地域特色互生共融,進(jìn)而通過新理論、新材料、新技術(shù)及新的表現(xiàn)手法,挖掘歷史建筑符號在新環(huán)境中的再生性,結(jié)合新建筑的設(shè)計風(fēng)格,賦予這獨(dú)特歷史形象以新時代的生機(jī)和活力。本文以天津和上海兩大城市的開埠建筑為例,通過對比分析當(dāng)代城市的更新和重建過程,對如何在保存當(dāng)?shù)亻_埠建筑地域特色元素獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的基礎(chǔ)上汲取再造的方法和策略進(jìn)行探索,為我國將來的城市建筑設(shè)計環(huán)節(jié)提供一定的參考。
[Abstract]:The opening of ports is the inevitable outcome of the history of opening ports in modern China. The style of the local architecture is not only influenced by the local unique physical geography and political factors, but also a true portrayal of the humanistic factors such as the concept of life and the way of behavior of the time. It records the collision between the regional national culture and the imported "foreign architecture", and the integration until the new development context. Similarly, as an important part of Chinese modern historical context, the opening of port architecture also plays an important role in embodying the historical context of local urban development and highlighting the regional characteristics of cities. However, under the influence of the trend of anti-colonization, the global architectural style converges, and the great development of modern urban construction in our country has great demand for all kinds of fast-growing architecture of modern style, in addition to the influence of some anti-colonization thoughts. Designers can only be more inclined to the requirements of the architectural design of the times and deviate from the regional style more and more far. The regional sense of architectural design elements and the sense of history have been overplayed, which is far from enough to support the heavy burden of regional historical and cultural characteristics. In the process of urban reconstruction and reconstruction in recent years, although people have begun to pay close attention to the influence of the opening of ports with local characteristics on the design of urban buildings, However, most of the achievements are only limited to the study of the form and function of the port opening architecture in a single place, and lack of comparison of the characteristics of the opening port architecture between the regions. In this way, it ignores the influence and transformation of the local regional characteristics on the architectural features of the opening port. Synthesizing the above factors, how to make the elements of the port building rejuvenate on the basis of the local regional characteristics, to promote the perfect fusion of the new and old styles between the opening architecture and the new building, and to re-establish its historical position as an important core of the city, Whether from the perspective of historical and cultural continuity, or from the perspective of the construction of urban appearance, it is a problem that needs to be deeply and meticulously studied and urgently needed to be solved. Recognizing the important value of port opening architecture in the context of urban history, and finding out the problems existing in contemporary urban construction, we need to learn from the relevant advanced experience of foreign countries on the basis of domestic research on port opening architecture, This paper explores the originality and historical value of the historic and cultural element of opening port architecture. On the one hand, from the point of view of protecting the historical imprint of the city, it is necessary to properly protect and repair the historic blocks and the opening buildings with great significance and historical value. On the other hand, from the point of view of keeping pace with the times, it is necessary to explore how the port building can coexist harmoniously with many modern buildings in the new period of urban construction, how to blend with the local regional characteristics, and then through new theories and materials. The new technology and new expression technique excavate the rebirth of the historical architectural symbol in the new environment, combine the design style of the new building, and endow this unique historical image with the vitality and vitality of the new era. This paper takes Tianjin and Shanghai as an example to analyze the renewal and reconstruction process of modern cities. This paper probes into the methods and strategies of reconstructing on the basis of preserving the originality of the regional characteristic elements of the local open port architecture and provides a certain reference for the future urban architectural design of our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU201

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