發(fā)布時間：2018-11-04 10:26

【摘要】：當前全球變暖帶來的環(huán)境問題越來越嚴重,二氧化碳的排放也越來越受到人們的關注。而全球三分之一的碳排放與建筑行業(yè)有關,因此量化計算碳排放意義重大。 本文基于工業(yè)工程方法論,結合了全生命周期評價法(LCA)的基本理論和框架,總結篩選了能源以及主要建材碳排放因子,建立了典型住宅建筑全生命周期碳排放的數(shù)學計算模型。并且選取了成都市10棟典型住宅建筑進行案例計量,量化在生命周期里碳排放的具體情況。同時基于BIM模型對其中一棟住宅的性能進行了系統(tǒng)研究,并借助計量數(shù)據(jù)詳細地分析了碳排放不同階段的特征,為節(jié)能減排提供具體措施。 本文把生命周期分成了建材生產(chǎn)階段、施工建造階段、運行維護階段、拆解階段以及回收階段,通過清單統(tǒng)計了住宅建筑碳排放計量數(shù)據(jù)。結果表明,在全生命周期中平均單位建筑面積碳排放量為1.957t/m2,其中建材開采階段為0.466t/m2,施工階段為0.032t/m2,運行維護階段為1.757t/m2,拆除處置階段為0.015t/m2,回收階段可在建材開采生產(chǎn)階段抵減的碳排放量均值為0.313t/m2。運行維護階段碳排量最高,占到整個周期的89.80%,因此合理控制建筑使用期間的碳排放量對節(jié)能減排效果明顯。
[Abstract]:The environmental problems caused by global warming are becoming more and more serious, and carbon dioxide emissions have attracted more and more attention. 1/3 of the world's carbon emissions are related to the construction industry, so quantitative calculation of carbon emissions is of great significance. Based on the methodology of industrial engineering and the basic theory and framework of (LCA), this paper summarizes and selects the factors of carbon emission from energy and main building materials. The mathematical model of carbon emission in the whole life cycle of typical residential buildings is established. Ten typical residential buildings in Chengdu are selected to measure the carbon emissions in the life cycle. At the same time, based on the BIM model, the performance of one of the residential buildings is systematically studied, and the characteristics of different stages of carbon emissions are analyzed in detail with the help of measurement data, which provides specific measures for energy saving and emission reduction. In this paper, the life cycle is divided into building materials production stage, construction stage, operation and maintenance stage, disassembly stage and recovery stage. The carbon emission metering data of residential buildings are counted through inventory. The results show that the average carbon emission per unit building area in the whole life cycle is 1.957 t / m ~ (2), in which the building materials mining stage is 0.466t / m ~ (2), the construction stage is 0.032 t / m ~ (2), the operation and maintenance stage is 1.757 t / m ~ (2). The removal and disposal stage is 0.015 t / m ~ (2), and the average carbon emission from recovery stage is 0.313 t / m ~ (2) at the stage of building materials mining and production. The carbon emission in operation and maintenance stage is the highest, accounting for 89.80% of the whole cycle, so reasonable control of carbon emissions during the use of buildings has obvious effect on energy saving and emission reduction.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU201.5;TU111.195

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本文編號：2309546