【摘要】：鋼結構建筑遭受爆炸荷載而倒塌,主要是由于鋼柱等關鍵受力構件遭到破壞而引發(fā)的。在國際上眾多鋼柱或鋼構件的爆炸破壞事件中均發(fā)現(xiàn)了局部屈曲這一破壞模式,爆炸引起的鋼柱局部屈曲會影響鋼柱的剩余承載力。工字形鋼柱和方鋼柱是工程結構中較常用的鋼柱類型,研究爆炸荷載作用下鋼柱的局部屈曲,并分析爆炸荷載作用下鋼柱局部屈曲臨界比例距離的關鍵影響因素,得到臨界比例距離的計算式,為鋼柱抗爆設計和合理防護安全距離的確定提供一定的參考,對結構安全和防護工程具有重要的實用價值和現(xiàn)實意義。本文的主要工作包括以下5項。(1)將B-R準則應用于爆炸荷載作用下典型鋼柱的動力屈曲評價中,提出了爆炸荷載作用下鋼柱局部屈曲的判別方法和其臨界比例距離的確定方法。(2)研究了爆炸荷載作用下鋼柱局部屈曲對鋼柱豎向承載力的影響。研究表明,爆炸荷載作用下鋼柱局部屈曲使鋼柱基于豎向承載力的損傷指標突變,發(fā)生中度破壞。(3)以B-R準則為依據(jù),研究了炸藥量、板件寬厚比、鋼柱高度和鋼材屈服強度4個參數(shù)對爆炸荷載作用下方鋼柱局部屈曲臨界比例距離的影響。研究表明,炸藥量和板件寬厚比是影響方鋼柱局部屈曲臨界比例距離的主要因素;與靜力作用下方鋼柱的局部屈曲控制相比,爆炸荷載作用下方鋼柱的局部屈曲控制對板件寬厚比限值的要求更為嚴格。(4)以B-R準則為依據(jù),針對爆炸荷載作用于工字形鋼柱強軸方向的情況,研究了炸藥量、翼緣寬厚比、腹板高厚比、鋼柱高度和鋼材屈服強度5個參數(shù)對爆炸荷載作用下工字形鋼柱局部屈曲臨界比例距離的影響。研究表明,炸藥量和翼緣寬厚比是影響工字形鋼柱局部屈曲臨界比例距離的主要因素;與靜力作用下工字形鋼柱的局部屈曲相比,爆炸荷載作用于工字形鋼柱強軸方向時,由于工字形鋼柱的局部屈曲僅出現(xiàn)在翼緣上,鋼柱腹板高厚比對其局部屈曲的影響不明顯。(5)基于有限元模擬結果,考慮爆炸荷載作用下影響鋼柱局部屈曲臨界比例距離的關鍵因素,擬合出了任意炸藥量引起的爆炸荷載作用下方鋼柱與工字形鋼柱局部屈曲的臨界比例距離計算式。
[Abstract]:The collapse of steel structure subjected to explosive load is mainly caused by the destruction of key members such as steel columns. The failure mode of local buckling has been found in many explosion failure events of steel columns or steel members in the world. The local buckling of steel columns caused by explosion will affect the residual bearing capacity of steel columns. I-shaped steel columns and square steel columns are common types of steel columns in engineering structures. The local buckling of steel columns under explosive loading is studied, and the key factors affecting the critical proportional distance of local buckling of steel columns under explosive load are analyzed. The formula of critical proportional distance is obtained, which provides a certain reference for the design of steel column anti-explosion and the determination of reasonable safety distance of protection. It has important practical value and practical significance for structural safety and protection engineering. The main work of this paper includes the following five items. (1) the B-R criterion is applied to the dynamic buckling evaluation of typical steel columns under explosive loading. A method for determining the local buckling of steel columns under explosive loading and the determination of their critical proportional distance are proposed. (2) the effect of local buckling of steel columns on the vertical bearing capacity of steel columns under explosive loading is studied. The results show that local buckling of steel columns under explosive load causes sudden change of damage index of steel columns based on vertical bearing capacity and moderate failure. (3) based on B-R criterion, the quantity of explosive and the ratio of width to thickness of plates are studied. The influence of four parameters of steel column height and steel yield strength on the critical proportional distance of local buckling of steel column under explosive load. The results show that the amount of explosive and the ratio of plate width to thickness are the main factors affecting the critical ratio distance of local buckling of square steel columns. Compared with the local buckling control of steel columns under static load, the local buckling control of steel columns under explosive load is more strict to the limit value of the width to thickness ratio of plates. (4) based on B-R criterion, the local buckling control of steel columns under explosive load is more strict than the local buckling control of steel columns under static load. In view of the effect of explosive load on the direction of strong axis of I-shaped steel column, the quantity of explosive, the ratio of flange width to thickness and the ratio of web height to thickness are studied. The influence of five parameters of steel column height and steel yield strength on the critical proportional distance of local buckling of I-shaped steel column under explosive loading. The results show that the amount of explosive and the ratio of flange width to thickness are the main factors affecting the critical ratio distance of local buckling of I-shaped steel column. Compared with the local buckling of I-shaped steel column under static force, the local buckling of I-shaped steel column appears only on the flange when the explosive load acts on the strong axial direction of I-shaped steel column. The effect of the ratio of height to thickness on the local buckling of steel columns is not obvious. (5) based on the results of finite element simulation, the key factors affecting the critical proportional distance of local buckling of steel columns under explosive loads are considered. The critical proportional distance formula for local buckling of steel column and I-shaped steel column under explosive load caused by arbitrary explosive is fitted.
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU391;TU352.13

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